tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-90937989423704753282024-03-05T13:50:44.430+00:00Blog | Josie Hewitt PhotographyBirds, moths, trip reports and of course, plenty of photos...Josie Hewitthttp://www.blogger.com/profile/07680294745952338878noreply@blogger.comBlogger138125tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-9093798942370475328.post-12134637115876037152021-01-28T17:39:00.001+00:002021-01-28T17:39:53.062+00:00Lockdown Bird Ringing<p style="text-align: justify;">Despite lockdown restricting many people's ability to get out into nature and connect with the environment, for me at least it has shifted my focus onto the wildlife found in my local area, and as my <a href="https://blog.josiehewittphotography.co.uk/2021/01/top-10-moths-of-2020.html">previous blog</a> alluded to, you'd be amazed at what you can find if you just take the time to look. </p><p style="text-align: justify;">As a keen birder and bird ringer, not being able to access some of my usual sites has been a bit of a bummer, but I feel very fortunate to have been able to continue ringing in my modest suburban garden, and it's been quite remarkable seeing just how many birds use the feeders on a daily basis. Since the start of Lockdown 2.0 on 5th November 2020, I have caught 170 birds in our 10 x 14 m garden, 123 of which were Goldfinches. Other species included 20 tits (Blue, Great & Coal) and seven Greenfinches.</p><table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><tbody><tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhlhEPMSD9eGd_TM5RZ_jV-8bt2O9V8f_Bm8lW0JXy0Rj5xiC7EagrCMR4ibq_HD4rfEGVtjxM4QDi9lqgx6YOJiCmHsuBx_89Q1wjhOp03TwSJK8zNeQU9zDSTKrdlg6LAoXTPthJSNAd1/s2048/20210128_140848.jpg" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="2048" data-original-width="1536" height="640" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhlhEPMSD9eGd_TM5RZ_jV-8bt2O9V8f_Bm8lW0JXy0Rj5xiC7EagrCMR4ibq_HD4rfEGVtjxM4QDi9lqgx6YOJiCmHsuBx_89Q1wjhOp03TwSJK8zNeQU9zDSTKrdlg6LAoXTPthJSNAd1/w480-h640/20210128_140848.jpg" width="480" /></a></td></tr><tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">Adult male Goldfinch <i>Carduelis carduelis</i></td></tr></tbody></table><p style="text-align: justify;">Over the last week or so, a number of Siskins have joined the other finches on the feeders, and whilst scanning them with binoculars I was surprised to see that at least two of them already had rings on (very exciting as I've not ringed any Siskins in my garden before). I wasn't quick enough to read the ring numbers with bins or a scope however, so I made various attempts to catch them. </p><p style="text-align: justify;">In doing so I managed to catch not one, but eight birds, far more than I originally thought were present. This included one of the birds already wearing a ring, and after submitting the data to the British Trust for Ornithology (who coordinate the British Ringing Scheme), I was delighted to receive the news that the bird had originally been ringed in Melvich, Highland on 10th May 2019, some 629 days previously and having moved a total of 824 km... not too shabby for a bird weighing ~13g!</p><table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><tbody><tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjeQpw-ByF94JiDbigwaUmRqxHWBFUc2e7zUOGFbCL14WWEOmPrx1HWwVphIS7eLJgcUUXjUNkvT82eB_tCSqhUzzHAWxOySOuyAsy2h6Axrs6YKzvRMCRAezX9_YVQnA_Ic-83Bglpga7w/s2048/20210123_124054.jpg" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="2048" data-original-width="1416" height="640" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjeQpw-ByF94JiDbigwaUmRqxHWBFUc2e7zUOGFbCL14WWEOmPrx1HWwVphIS7eLJgcUUXjUNkvT82eB_tCSqhUzzHAWxOySOuyAsy2h6Axrs6YKzvRMCRAezX9_YVQnA_Ic-83Bglpga7w/w442-h640/20210123_124054.jpg" width="442" /></a></td></tr><tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">Adult male Siskin <i>Carduelis spinus</i></td></tr></tbody></table><p style="text-align: justify;">This just goes to show how much bird ringing helps to further our knowledge and understanding of British birds, their population changes and movements, as well as highlighting the importance of gardens for birds and other wildlife. You can find out more about ringing and how to get involved on the BTO's <a href="https://www.bto.org/our-science/projects/ringing/about">website</a>, and for an animated visualisation of Siskin movements in Europe, the <a href="https://eurobirdportal.org/ebp/en/#home/CARSPI/p52weeks">Euro Bird Portal</a> is pretty snazzy.</p><table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><tbody><tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhQgEKumn3j4Fx9W6YRV5ooR2a-kkmD4MdFAdiXOzFCkTPfB_qbdGzE7_Bdc5nbinRVZVGUb5ikiOsT63AlVktgffGYKsLCcqATk7GyCDCU3du-_H6WG3YewfCfxH-lkCVbxiYNKsIuOwg8/s2048/20210124_122408.jpg" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="2048" data-original-width="1536" height="640" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhQgEKumn3j4Fx9W6YRV5ooR2a-kkmD4MdFAdiXOzFCkTPfB_qbdGzE7_Bdc5nbinRVZVGUb5ikiOsT63AlVktgffGYKsLCcqATk7GyCDCU3du-_H6WG3YewfCfxH-lkCVbxiYNKsIuOwg8/w480-h640/20210124_122408.jpg" width="480" /></a></td></tr><tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">Adult female Siskin <i>Carduelis spinus</i></td></tr></tbody></table><br /><table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><tbody><tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEg3qHY2n-5wrvOlTukm_vAE0lKwI-Canw7KwbBN1RrQ7lynn76Y9-RIMVPq7-5BpY7lNb9ABzBNVnsieAApSJj0serEhrGDthHTIj_DWqNXfDckQAhdrRKvGGk_3VGK8nqjDP5uPsu0cxT_/s1812/Screenshot+2021-01-26+at+17.04.09.png" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1812" data-original-width="1262" height="640" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEg3qHY2n-5wrvOlTukm_vAE0lKwI-Canw7KwbBN1RrQ7lynn76Y9-RIMVPq7-5BpY7lNb9ABzBNVnsieAApSJj0serEhrGDthHTIj_DWqNXfDckQAhdrRKvGGk_3VGK8nqjDP5uPsu0cxT_/w446-h640/Screenshot+2021-01-26+at+17.04.09.png" width="446" /></a></td></tr><tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">Siskin movement from Melvich, Highland to NE Hampshire, a total of 824 km.</td></tr></tbody></table>Josie Hewitthttp://www.blogger.com/profile/07680294745952338878noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-9093798942370475328.post-43501114337464431882021-01-01T17:45:00.005+00:002021-01-01T20:09:48.744+00:00Top 10 Moths of 2020<p style="text-align: justify;">As a keen naturalist and moth botherer, I felt I ought to put together a few highlights from my mothing adventures over the past year to show that you don't have to travel far from home to see some absolutely stunning species, and put some extra dots on the map. </p><p style="text-align: justify;">Due to a premature return from my year studying abroad, I recorded my first moth of 2020 on the 12th April. From then until the end of the year I recorded 6772 moths of 635 species (including 136 lifers), the vast majority of which were from my home county of North Hampshire (VC12). Amongst these were two species of micro moth that were new to VC12: <i>Phtheochroa schreibersiana</i> and <i>Coleophora saturatella</i>, plus quite a few other species which have fewer than 10 records in their respective VCs.</p><p style="text-align: justify;">Anyway, onto my Top 10. Although I recorded moths from nine different vice counties in 2020, all of my top 10 species (except no.7) were found within a 15 minute drive from home, just to emphasise how easy it is to find brilliant moths, regardless of where you live!</p><p><b>1. <i>Alabonia geoffrella</i></b></p><p><b><table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><tbody><tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgI_7Meh4aeZ-JoV6sZWjDp0O3A1F0TnDX5Sw0yajkZQE4kl60hgDCot7YSmVMzRdgLSTrUfb9IGot2gQBjW3iOKv0KNJQK-zx1klDmn0obzeaMGY4sPQDL_xlmIU97G9QIIUrzSgjn6sZc/s2048/3A0A7267+edited+in+LR6+with+white+watermark-2.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1365" data-original-width="2048" height="426" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgI_7Meh4aeZ-JoV6sZWjDp0O3A1F0TnDX5Sw0yajkZQE4kl60hgDCot7YSmVMzRdgLSTrUfb9IGot2gQBjW3iOKv0KNJQK-zx1klDmn0obzeaMGY4sPQDL_xlmIU97G9QIIUrzSgjn6sZc/w640-h426/3A0A7267+edited+in+LR6+with+white+watermark-2.jpg" width="640" /></a></td></tr><tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><i>Alabonia geoffrella - </i>24th May</td></tr></tbody></table><i><br /></i></b></p><p><b>2. Goat Moth <i>Cossus cossus</i></b></p><p><table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><tbody><tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgx4qIzkapTAwCMVUFjLv4n2WOkMNwyuIZciYf2pzbvrCWnxqEd_OSOjPO0SpXVu8oqC3WHoz5FLlNhdpvLwOFNIyDU6WqOKdqwrnCFtnq3HKbhYY-YqBZ8TiutwOOD0YoAkT2uYFVbMKxl/s2048/20200626_002745.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1536" data-original-width="2048" height="480" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgx4qIzkapTAwCMVUFjLv4n2WOkMNwyuIZciYf2pzbvrCWnxqEd_OSOjPO0SpXVu8oqC3WHoz5FLlNhdpvLwOFNIyDU6WqOKdqwrnCFtnq3HKbhYY-YqBZ8TiutwOOD0YoAkT2uYFVbMKxl/w640-h480/20200626_002745.jpg" width="640" /></a></td></tr><tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">Goat Moth <i>Cossus cossus - </i>25th June</td></tr></tbody></table><b><br /></b></p><p><b>3. Clifden Nonpareil <i>Catocala fraxini</i></b></p><p><table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><tbody><tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiNmjwhQqJEaNtYVkoD3PhT7bfiNmhgbO-CBrJHKp3AOTvLsCrQyvPWgorpfpXw7U6MDMfNlJ-0zwos7MS_oSIeBAOQSy9Z4PXiFzrdKnHfUTk6w_4u64oEmEZTIQD4ZZQg5snVW_9vzzXS/s2048/20210101_163757.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="2047" data-original-width="2048" height="640" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiNmjwhQqJEaNtYVkoD3PhT7bfiNmhgbO-CBrJHKp3AOTvLsCrQyvPWgorpfpXw7U6MDMfNlJ-0zwos7MS_oSIeBAOQSy9Z4PXiFzrdKnHfUTk6w_4u64oEmEZTIQD4ZZQg5snVW_9vzzXS/w640-h640/20210101_163757.jpg" width="640" /></a></td></tr><tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">Clifden Nonpareil <i>Catocala fraxini - </i>9th September</td></tr></tbody></table><br /></p><p><b>4. Silver Hook <i>Deltote uncula</i></b></p><table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><tbody><tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiKR7F0kWtJbBm688L-iPoVakxNM9TwHJYQR7f2D0R6QB74vboq8X0-IZrBvBsEUIWsNDuel4iZa18ieF6Ri8-yOsl95nP95ChEpN-zRiYWgB3iVKop4V0qUtzIQPUorUm1BTlOZk6JPMMT/s2048/3A0A8216+edited+in+LR6+with+white+watermark.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="2048" data-original-width="1561" height="640" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiKR7F0kWtJbBm688L-iPoVakxNM9TwHJYQR7f2D0R6QB74vboq8X0-IZrBvBsEUIWsNDuel4iZa18ieF6Ri8-yOsl95nP95ChEpN-zRiYWgB3iVKop4V0qUtzIQPUorUm1BTlOZk6JPMMT/w488-h640/3A0A8216+edited+in+LR6+with+white+watermark.jpg" width="488" /></a></td></tr><tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">Silver Hook <i>Deltote uncula</i> - 28th May</td></tr></tbody></table><p><b><br />5. <i>Coleophora saturatella</i></b></p><table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><tbody><tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiRnGHc7iWFSfdBFkvo8fA6bTQAtNAELJq0m1iRMWpggJDwR7PQAU_y_afr6e9QgWxYEbg-8SOeff4t8Dt3BKU3xoadp1HIkcHTcikgliquoCOHshFFyQuNScT0HFvh-z2k7r4VqaMw3dEZ/s2048/20200608_132914+edited+in+LR6+with+white+watermark.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="2048" data-original-width="1504" height="640" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiRnGHc7iWFSfdBFkvo8fA6bTQAtNAELJq0m1iRMWpggJDwR7PQAU_y_afr6e9QgWxYEbg-8SOeff4t8Dt3BKU3xoadp1HIkcHTcikgliquoCOHshFFyQuNScT0HFvh-z2k7r4VqaMw3dEZ/w470-h640/20200608_132914+edited+in+LR6+with+white+watermark.jpg" width="470" /></a></td></tr><tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><i>Coleophora saturatella</i> - 8th June</td></tr></tbody></table><p><b><br />6. <i>Chrysoesthia drurella</i></b></p><table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><tbody><tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEh6EgbrfRsKgZPKX6Tq3Winc6ltPddHqNCzbsqNTuWdH9qc48-0e0aMSEdxxISuJxBeA50UZsPDtvMsliGB_iP7ChZSM7GAZZLgzcRibbUas7LwMN8Y4eSbgHyJ9zi8FjU6BkzUTTppQJ4P/s1921/3A0A6879+edited+in+LR6+with+white+watermark.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1281" data-original-width="1921" height="426" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEh6EgbrfRsKgZPKX6Tq3Winc6ltPddHqNCzbsqNTuWdH9qc48-0e0aMSEdxxISuJxBeA50UZsPDtvMsliGB_iP7ChZSM7GAZZLgzcRibbUas7LwMN8Y4eSbgHyJ9zi8FjU6BkzUTTppQJ4P/w640-h426/3A0A6879+edited+in+LR6+with+white+watermark.jpg" width="640" /></a></td></tr><tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><i>Chrysoesthia drurella </i>- 21st May</td></tr></tbody></table><p><b><br />7. <i>Stathmopoda pedella</i></b></p><p><b><table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><tbody><tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgvDihro9PlXKGXQWb4ttdoObzHc_uC7pqdPa34BSMi0Tij2G-nTqyqd9VnEazXBJgBSpOd52a-N1xQA9_5nJm6aFfsfMIaJDuyk60Aw2Qo0hBO5XAKYac4SbXNQlc08edgkFm_Qld3Bg37/s2048/IMG_2538+edited+in+LR6+with+white+watermark.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1365" data-original-width="2048" height="426" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgvDihro9PlXKGXQWb4ttdoObzHc_uC7pqdPa34BSMi0Tij2G-nTqyqd9VnEazXBJgBSpOd52a-N1xQA9_5nJm6aFfsfMIaJDuyk60Aw2Qo0hBO5XAKYac4SbXNQlc08edgkFm_Qld3Bg37/w640-h426/IMG_2538+edited+in+LR6+with+white+watermark.jpg" width="640" /></a></td></tr><tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><i>Stathmopoda pedella</i> - 26th July, Norwich.</td></tr></tbody></table><br /></b></p><p><b>8. <i>Coleophora limosipennella</i></b></p><table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><tbody><tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjx1g2QvnUu2g45KM7fb-8Toyb2p-lk9coIb_L-C6u1fj-wEThYgxiv46txqbaQHp7o8X4tVJCWCWZxcaITan1wcUlOISxu70CY33ueTM8NYcKoXnepL1Xlg5iVatOpVRhQyYE5iciyl7_B/s2048/20201116_161310.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1536" data-original-width="2048" height="480" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjx1g2QvnUu2g45KM7fb-8Toyb2p-lk9coIb_L-C6u1fj-wEThYgxiv46txqbaQHp7o8X4tVJCWCWZxcaITan1wcUlOISxu70CY33ueTM8NYcKoXnepL1Xlg5iVatOpVRhQyYE5iciyl7_B/w640-h480/20201116_161310.jpg" width="640" /></a></td></tr><tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><i>Coleophora limosipennella</i> - 16th November</td></tr></tbody></table><p><b><br />9. <i>Chrysoclista lineella</i></b></p><table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><tbody><tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEg7a5EcbmRrzAoPVCx6MT9Yi3VZn_kLBvW4_bDACV0VLxhHYVlsr3T-onorYuguWZhluLGw3SH7WAeN0kqaDQhhQQMZZN8Cp_XbD-5Zac1QR7hczCiyjVfaAyC5L032Nb-PaAzhr_q0BSrl/s2048/IMG_4506+edited+in+LR6+with+white+watermark.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1366" data-original-width="2048" height="426" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEg7a5EcbmRrzAoPVCx6MT9Yi3VZn_kLBvW4_bDACV0VLxhHYVlsr3T-onorYuguWZhluLGw3SH7WAeN0kqaDQhhQQMZZN8Cp_XbD-5Zac1QR7hczCiyjVfaAyC5L032Nb-PaAzhr_q0BSrl/w640-h426/IMG_4506+edited+in+LR6+with+white+watermark.jpg" width="640" /></a></td></tr><tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><i>Chrysoclista lineella</i> - 8th August</td></tr></tbody></table><p><b><br />10. <i>Hysterophora maculosana</i></b></p><table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><tbody><tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgGFCgvAcqtDNgqfhyphenhyphen3qtDbQvihpS21EXFTorV-4vU88G-n4F1z8QAKgDSgqExoS5nG9DDXjlYA3lkjbUWYqkuDYXwnPreN7XAbKdn-Z45-qDNtofIAXxr4d_DqCswv2-QI9Z6gg0Zc_CmJ/s2048/3A0A5551+edited+in+LR6+with+white+watrmark.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1401" data-original-width="2048" height="438" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgGFCgvAcqtDNgqfhyphenhyphen3qtDbQvihpS21EXFTorV-4vU88G-n4F1z8QAKgDSgqExoS5nG9DDXjlYA3lkjbUWYqkuDYXwnPreN7XAbKdn-Z45-qDNtofIAXxr4d_DqCswv2-QI9Z6gg0Zc_CmJ/w640-h438/3A0A5551+edited+in+LR6+with+white+watrmark.jpg" width="640" /></a></td></tr><tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><i>Hysterophora maculosana</i> - 7th May</td></tr></tbody></table><br /><p style="text-align: justify;">I hope you all enjoyed seeing some fantastic moths in 2020 and perhaps this summary has provided some encouragement or motivation to explore your own local area even more in 2021 to see what hidden treasures are waiting to be found! </p>Josie Hewitthttp://www.blogger.com/profile/07680294745952338878noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-9093798942370475328.post-21641184866045004202020-04-30T12:13:00.000+01:002020-04-30T12:13:11.148+01:00Mothing 30.04.20<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on">
<b><u>Garden mothing</u></b><b><u> VC12 ~ 29-30/04/20 ~</u></b><br />
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<div style="text-align: justify;">
The forecast for last night was rather wet and windy conditions, but something about the promise of spring made me risk it and set the trap up. Upon checking the trap at around 21.30, I was disheartened to see that the rain had started early, but a <b>Great Prominent</b> <i>Peridea anceps</i> hiding away on the back of the sheet was some consolation. Given that the rain was due to remain steady for an hour or so rather than getting any heavier, I decided to brave it and leave the trap out until the morning.<br />
<br />
Despite getting to sleep around 2am, I somehow woke up before my 06.30 alarm and was out to check the trap at 06.00. The sheet next to the trap was soaking and the Great Prominent was nowhere to be seen, but a <b>Poplar Grey</b> <i>Subacronicta megacephala</i> was a nice surprise. Inside the trap was - as expected - pretty quiet, with two <b>Red-green Carpets</b> <i>Chloroclysta siterata</i>, a battered <b>Oak-tree Pug</b> <i>Eupithecia dodoneata</i> and a single <b>Triple-barred Argent</b> <i>Argyresthia trifasciata</i>. Right at the bottom, under the very last egg box was the highlight of my mothing year so far, and possibly the best moth to grace my garden since I began trapping in 2015... a beautiful <b>Lime Hawk-moth </b><i>Mimas tiliae</i>! It's my first one in Hampshire, and only my second one ever (the other being at Upton Fen, Norfolk last year). A real treat and a very unexpected one too!<br />
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<div align="center">
<table border="1" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="MsoTableGrid" style="border-collapse: collapse; border: none;"><tbody>
<tr><td colspan="2" style="background: rgb(197, 224, 179); border: 1pt solid windowtext; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; width: 247.6pt;" valign="top" width="330"><div class="MsoNormal" style="font-family: Calibri, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt;">
<span color:="" style="font-size: 10pt;"><span style="color: #444444;">Species<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
</td><td style="background: rgb(197, 224, 179); border-bottom: 1pt solid windowtext; border-image: initial; border-left: none; border-right: 1pt solid windowtext; border-top: 1pt solid windowtext; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; width: 42.5pt;" valign="top" width="57"><div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="font-family: Calibri, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt; text-align: center;">
<span style="font-size: 10pt;"><span style="color: #444444;">Count</span><span style="font-size: 10pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<tr><td style="border-bottom: 1pt solid windowtext; border-left: 1pt solid windowtext; border-right: none; border-top: none; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; width: 120pt;" valign="top" width="160"><div class="MsoNormal" style="font-family: Calibri, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt;">
<b><span style="font-size: 10pt;">Great Prominent<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
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<i><span style="font-size: 10pt;">Peridea anceps<o:p></o:p></span></i></div>
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<span style="font-size: 10pt;">1<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-size: 10pt;">Lime Hawk-moth<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
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<i><span style="font-size: 10pt;">Mimas tiliae<o:p></o:p></span></i></div>
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<span style="font-size: 10pt;">1<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-size: 10pt;">Oak-tree Pug<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
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<i><span style="font-size: 10pt;">Eupithecia dodoneata<o:p></o:p></span></i></div>
</td><td style="border-bottom: 1pt solid windowtext; border-left: none; border-right: 1pt solid windowtext; border-top: none; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; width: 42.5pt;" valign="top" width="57"><div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="font-family: Calibri, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt; text-align: center;">
<span style="font-size: 10pt;">1<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td></tr>
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<b><span style="font-size: 10pt;">Poplar Grey<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
</td><td style="border-bottom: 1pt solid windowtext; border-left: none; border-right: 1pt solid windowtext; border-top: none; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; width: 127.6pt;" valign="top" width="170"><div class="MsoNormal" style="font-family: Calibri, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt;">
<i><span style="font-size: 10pt;">Subacronicta megacephala<o:p></o:p></span></i></div>
</td><td style="border-bottom: 1pt solid windowtext; border-left: none; border-right: 1pt solid windowtext; border-top: none; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; width: 42.5pt;" valign="top" width="57"><div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="font-family: Calibri, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt; text-align: center;">
<span style="font-size: 10pt;">1<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-size: 10pt;">Red-green Carpet<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
</td><td style="border-bottom: 1pt solid windowtext; border-left: none; border-right: 1pt solid windowtext; border-top: none; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; width: 127.6pt;" valign="top" width="170"><div class="MsoNormal" style="font-family: Calibri, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt;">
<i><span style="font-size: 10pt;">Chloroclysta siterata<o:p></o:p></span></i></div>
</td><td style="border-bottom: 1pt solid windowtext; border-left: none; border-right: 1pt solid windowtext; border-top: none; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; width: 42.5pt;" valign="top" width="57"><div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="font-family: Calibri, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt; text-align: center;">
<span style="font-size: 10pt;">2<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-size: 10pt;">Triple-barred Argent<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
</td><td style="border-bottom: 1pt solid windowtext; border-left: none; border-right: 1pt solid windowtext; border-top: none; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; width: 127.6pt;" valign="top" width="170"><div class="MsoNormal" style="font-family: Calibri, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt;">
<i><span style="font-size: 10pt;">Argyresthia trifasciata<o:p></o:p></span></i></div>
</td><td style="border-bottom: 1pt solid windowtext; border-left: none; border-right: 1pt solid windowtext; border-top: none; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; width: 42.5pt;" valign="top" width="57"><div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="font-family: Calibri, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt; text-align: center;">
<span style="font-size: 10pt;">1<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<div style="text-align: justify;">
<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><img border="0" height="486" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgHj8Xe0BqbACbXRkTI0hkt_nqPvWe8A3i4UhREbbfGWb8IcaZNoqdOL4Jbf9aMYxzchSgXMx5siwdgnSRFNHhUrUnCeyCcO1FoGTjZoxN-iXYLKs53R0gL2UIshLYOnTeefugCg54ubaW0/s640/1588244914530768-0.png" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;" width="640" /></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">Lime Hawk-moth <i>Mimas tiliae</i></td></tr>
</tbody></table>
</div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEj0m637CN_0TttDk7YWfWap8qCgEC0GQHHcGqRXYLoMOnsy6f3k1M6FKsUeNr-ABvWOOdwAEJ1x3f6xP5yhN5vr3tHyOlOWK_zFbxQqoURjc7BbxG1G5xvpcu1bbLMt-g-s0YNY7BJDKeNl/s1600/1588244910161651-1.png" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;" width="400" /></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">Great Prominent <i>Peridea anceps</i></td></tr>
</tbody></table>
</div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiXuzXZoSjPb6cqKc7NYM0sfBZ-UJ1XBLD6KYdtixeCKWH3oKex3WoPulP4tDcMJVgHZnrRv2-4Zof-dHOcN88DZb2GZBQQgbeDZE0muO0cNuZOj0VdbMVUxs78xMPtwXBzJqR4lGPdJmwF/s1600/1588244906485547-2.png" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;" width="400" /></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">Poplar Grey <i>Subacronicta megacephala</i></td></tr>
</tbody></table>
</div>
</div>
Josie Hewitthttp://www.blogger.com/profile/07680294745952338878noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-9093798942370475328.post-9612288147984598622020-04-24T13:55:00.001+01:002020-04-24T14:09:09.892+01:00Mothing 24.04.20<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on">
<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on">
<b><u>Garden mothing</u></b><b><u> VC12 ~ 23-24/04/20 ~</u></b><br />
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<div style="text-align: justify;">
A last minute decision at ~21.00 last night saw me putting the moth trap out once again. The weather was warm (~9°C) and fairly overcast... pretty much as good as it's going to get for this time of year! By the time I went to check the trap at ~23.30, there were already a number of moths around, including a Waved Umber, Seraphim, two Brimstones and a handful of pugs.</div>
<br />
<div style="text-align: justify;">
Upon checking the trap at ~07.00 this morning it was encouraging to see a number of moths still on the vertical sheet that I hang next to the trap, as well as the perspex lid of the trap itself... always a good sign! It didn't take too long to go through the traps' contents as it was all fairly straightforward. The total catch came to 61 moths of 29 species - not bad for April. A number of species were quite surprising to see, especially Nutmeg, Sharp-angled Carpet, Yellow-barred Brindle and a superb Poplar Hawk-moth.</div>
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Hopefully the weather stays favourable over the next few things as things really start to pick up!<br />
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<div align="center">
<table border="1" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="MsoTableGrid" style="border-collapse: collapse; border: none;"><tbody>
<tr><td colspan="2" style="background: rgb(197, 224, 179); border: 1pt solid windowtext; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; width: 283.2pt;" valign="top" width="378"><div class="MsoNormal" style="font-family: Calibri, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt;">
<span style="font-size: 10pt;"><span style="color: #444444;">Species<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
</td><td style="background: rgb(197, 224, 179); border-bottom: 1pt solid windowtext; border-image: initial; border-left: none; border-right: 1pt solid windowtext; border-top: 1pt solid windowtext; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; width: 42.85pt;" valign="top" width="57"><div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="font-family: Calibri, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt; text-align: center;">
<span style="font-size: 10pt;"><span style="color: #444444;">Count</span><span style="font-size: 10pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
</td></tr>
<tr><td style="border-bottom: 1pt solid windowtext; border-left: 1pt solid windowtext; border-right: none; border-top: none; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; width: 148.85pt;" valign="top" width="198"><div class="MsoNormal" style="font-family: Calibri, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt;">
<b><span style="font-size: 10pt;">Brimstone Moth<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
</td><td style="border-bottom: 1pt solid windowtext; border-left: none; border-right: 1pt solid windowtext; border-top: none; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; width: 134.35pt;" valign="top" width="179"><div class="MsoNormal" style="font-family: Calibri, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt;">
<i><span style="font-size: 10pt;">Opisthograptis luteolata<o:p></o:p></span></i></div>
</td><td style="border-bottom: 1pt solid windowtext; border-left: none; border-right: 1pt solid windowtext; border-top: none; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; width: 42.85pt;" valign="top" width="57"><div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="font-family: Calibri, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt; text-align: center;">
<span style="font-size: 10pt;">6<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td></tr>
<tr><td style="border-bottom: 1pt solid windowtext; border-left: 1pt solid windowtext; border-right: none; border-top: none; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; width: 148.85pt;" valign="top" width="198"><div class="MsoNormal" style="font-family: Calibri, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt;">
<b><span style="font-size: 10pt;">Brindled Beauty<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
</td><td style="border-bottom: 1pt solid windowtext; border-left: none; border-right: 1pt solid windowtext; border-top: none; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; width: 134.35pt;" valign="top" width="179"><div class="MsoNormal" style="font-family: Calibri, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt;">
<i><span style="font-size: 10pt;">Lycia hirtaria<o:p></o:p></span></i></div>
</td><td style="border-bottom: 1pt solid windowtext; border-left: none; border-right: 1pt solid windowtext; border-top: none; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; width: 42.85pt;" valign="top" width="57"><div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="font-family: Calibri, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt; text-align: center;">
<span style="font-size: 10pt;">2<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td></tr>
<tr><td style="border-bottom: 1pt solid windowtext; border-left: 1pt solid windowtext; border-right: none; border-top: none; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; width: 148.85pt;" valign="top" width="198"><div class="MsoNormal" style="font-family: Calibri, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt;">
<b><span style="font-size: 10pt;">Brindled Pug<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
</td><td style="border-bottom: 1pt solid windowtext; border-left: none; border-right: 1pt solid windowtext; border-top: none; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; width: 134.35pt;" valign="top" width="179"><div class="MsoNormal" style="font-family: Calibri, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt;">
<i><span style="font-size: 10pt;">Eupithecia abbreviata<o:p></o:p></span></i></div>
</td><td style="border-bottom: 1pt solid windowtext; border-left: none; border-right: 1pt solid windowtext; border-top: none; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; width: 42.85pt;" valign="top" width="57"><div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="font-family: Calibri, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt; text-align: center;">
<span style="font-size: 10pt;">13<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td></tr>
<tr><td style="border-bottom: 1pt solid windowtext; border-left: 1pt solid windowtext; border-right: none; border-top: none; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; width: 148.85pt;" valign="top" width="198"><div class="MsoNormal" style="font-family: Calibri, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt;">
<b><span style="font-size: 10pt;">Brown Pine Ermine<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
</td><td style="border-bottom: 1pt solid windowtext; border-left: none; border-right: 1pt solid windowtext; border-top: none; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; width: 134.35pt;" valign="top" width="179"><div class="MsoNormal" style="font-family: Calibri, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt;">
<i><span style="font-size: 10pt;">Cedestis subfasciella<o:p></o:p></span></i></div>
</td><td style="border-bottom: 1pt solid windowtext; border-left: none; border-right: 1pt solid windowtext; border-top: none; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; width: 42.85pt;" valign="top" width="57"><div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="font-family: Calibri, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt; text-align: center;">
<span style="font-size: 10pt;">1<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td></tr>
<tr><td style="border-bottom: 1pt solid windowtext; border-left: 1pt solid windowtext; border-right: none; border-top: none; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; width: 148.85pt;" valign="top" width="198"><div class="MsoNormal" style="font-family: Calibri, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt;">
<b><span style="font-size: 10pt;">Chocolate-tip<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
</td><td style="border-bottom: 1pt solid windowtext; border-left: none; border-right: 1pt solid windowtext; border-top: none; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; width: 134.35pt;" valign="top" width="179"><div class="MsoNormal" style="font-family: Calibri, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt;">
<i><span style="font-size: 10pt;">Clostera curtula<o:p></o:p></span></i></div>
</td><td style="border-bottom: 1pt solid windowtext; border-left: none; border-right: 1pt solid windowtext; border-top: none; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; width: 42.85pt;" valign="top" width="57"><div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="font-family: Calibri, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt; text-align: center;">
<span style="font-size: 10pt;">3<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td></tr>
<tr><td style="border-bottom: 1pt solid windowtext; border-left: 1pt solid windowtext; border-right: none; border-top: none; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; width: 148.85pt;" valign="top" width="198"><div class="MsoNormal" style="font-family: Calibri, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt;">
<b><span style="font-size: 10pt;">Clouded Drab<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
</td><td style="border-bottom: 1pt solid windowtext; border-left: none; border-right: 1pt solid windowtext; border-top: none; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; width: 134.35pt;" valign="top" width="179"><div class="MsoNormal" style="font-family: Calibri, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt;">
<i><span style="font-size: 10pt;">Orthosia incerta<o:p></o:p></span></i></div>
</td><td style="border-bottom: 1pt solid windowtext; border-left: none; border-right: 1pt solid windowtext; border-top: none; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; width: 42.85pt;" valign="top" width="57"><div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="font-family: Calibri, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt; text-align: center;">
<span style="font-size: 10pt;">2<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td></tr>
<tr><td style="border-bottom: 1pt solid windowtext; border-left: 1pt solid windowtext; border-right: none; border-top: none; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; width: 148.85pt;" valign="top" width="198"><div class="MsoNormal" style="font-family: Calibri, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt;">
<b><span style="font-size: 10pt;">Common Oak Purple<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
</td><td style="border-bottom: 1pt solid windowtext; border-left: none; border-right: 1pt solid windowtext; border-top: none; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; width: 134.35pt;" valign="top" width="179"><div class="MsoNormal" style="font-family: Calibri, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt;">
<i><span style="font-size: 10pt;">Dyseriocrania subpurpurella<o:p></o:p></span></i></div>
</td><td style="border-bottom: 1pt solid windowtext; border-left: none; border-right: 1pt solid windowtext; border-top: none; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; width: 42.85pt;" valign="top" width="57"><div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="font-family: Calibri, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt; text-align: center;">
<span style="font-size: 10pt;">1<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td></tr>
<tr><td style="border-bottom: 1pt solid windowtext; border-left: 1pt solid windowtext; border-right: none; border-top: none; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; width: 148.85pt;" valign="top" width="198"><div class="MsoNormal" style="font-family: Calibri, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt;">
<b><span style="font-size: 10pt;">Common Quaker<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
</td><td style="border-bottom: 1pt solid windowtext; border-left: none; border-right: 1pt solid windowtext; border-top: none; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; width: 134.35pt;" valign="top" width="179"><div class="MsoNormal" style="font-family: Calibri, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt;">
<i><span style="font-size: 10pt;">Orthosia cerasi<o:p></o:p></span></i></div>
</td><td style="border-bottom: 1pt solid windowtext; border-left: none; border-right: 1pt solid windowtext; border-top: none; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; width: 42.85pt;" valign="top" width="57"><div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="font-family: Calibri, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt; text-align: center;">
<span style="font-size: 10pt;">1<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td></tr>
<tr><td style="border-bottom: 1pt solid windowtext; border-left: 1pt solid windowtext; border-right: none; border-top: none; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; width: 148.85pt;" valign="top" width="198"><div class="MsoNormal" style="font-family: Calibri, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt;">
<b><span style="font-size: 10pt;">Fern Smut<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
</td><td style="border-bottom: 1pt solid windowtext; border-left: none; border-right: 1pt solid windowtext; border-top: none; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; width: 134.35pt;" valign="top" width="179"><div class="MsoNormal" style="font-family: Calibri, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt;">
<i><span style="font-size: 10pt;">Psychoides filicivora<o:p></o:p></span></i></div>
</td><td style="border-bottom: 1pt solid windowtext; border-left: none; border-right: 1pt solid windowtext; border-top: none; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; width: 42.85pt;" valign="top" width="57"><div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="font-family: Calibri, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt; text-align: center;">
<span style="font-size: 10pt;">1<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td></tr>
<tr><td style="border-bottom: 1pt solid windowtext; border-left: 1pt solid windowtext; border-right: none; border-top: none; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; width: 148.85pt;" valign="top" width="198"><div class="MsoNormal" style="font-family: Calibri, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt;">
<b><span style="font-size: 10pt;">Least Black Arches<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
</td><td style="border-bottom: 1pt solid windowtext; border-left: none; border-right: 1pt solid windowtext; border-top: none; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; width: 134.35pt;" valign="top" width="179"><div class="MsoNormal" style="font-family: Calibri, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt;">
<i><span style="font-size: 10pt;">Nola confusalis<o:p></o:p></span></i></div>
</td><td style="border-bottom: 1pt solid windowtext; border-left: none; border-right: 1pt solid windowtext; border-top: none; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; width: 42.85pt;" valign="top" width="57"><div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="font-family: Calibri, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt; text-align: center;">
<span style="font-size: 10pt;">1<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td></tr>
<tr><td style="border-bottom: 1pt solid windowtext; border-left: 1pt solid windowtext; border-right: none; border-top: none; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; width: 148.85pt;" valign="top" width="198"><div class="MsoNormal" style="font-family: Calibri, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt;">
<b><span style="font-size: 10pt;">Light Brown Apple-moth<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
</td><td style="border-bottom: 1pt solid windowtext; border-left: none; border-right: 1pt solid windowtext; border-top: none; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; width: 134.35pt;" valign="top" width="179"><div class="MsoNormal" style="font-family: Calibri, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt;">
<i><span style="font-size: 10pt;">Epiphyas postvittana<o:p></o:p></span></i></div>
</td><td style="border-bottom: 1pt solid windowtext; border-left: none; border-right: 1pt solid windowtext; border-top: none; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; width: 42.85pt;" valign="top" width="57"><div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="font-family: Calibri, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt; text-align: center;">
<span style="font-size: 10pt;">1<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td></tr>
<tr><td style="border-bottom: 1pt solid windowtext; border-left: 1pt solid windowtext; border-right: none; border-top: none; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; width: 148.85pt;" valign="top" width="198"><div class="MsoNormal" style="font-family: Calibri, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt;">
<b><span style="font-size: 10pt;">Many-plume Moth<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
</td><td style="border-bottom: 1pt solid windowtext; border-left: none; border-right: 1pt solid windowtext; border-top: none; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; width: 134.35pt;" valign="top" width="179"><div class="MsoNormal" style="font-family: Calibri, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt;">
<i><span style="font-size: 10pt;">Alucita hexadactyla<o:p></o:p></span></i></div>
</td><td style="border-bottom: 1pt solid windowtext; border-left: none; border-right: 1pt solid windowtext; border-top: none; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; width: 42.85pt;" valign="top" width="57"><div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="font-family: Calibri, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt; text-align: center;">
<span style="font-size: 10pt;">1<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td></tr>
<tr><td style="border-bottom: 1pt solid windowtext; border-left: 1pt solid windowtext; border-right: none; border-top: none; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; width: 148.85pt;" valign="top" width="198"><div class="MsoNormal" style="font-family: Calibri, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt;">
<b><span style="font-size: 10pt;">Muslin Moth<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
</td><td style="border-bottom: 1pt solid windowtext; border-left: none; border-right: 1pt solid windowtext; border-top: none; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; width: 134.35pt;" valign="top" width="179"><div class="MsoNormal" style="font-family: Calibri, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt;">
<i><span style="font-size: 10pt;">Diaphora mendica<o:p></o:p></span></i></div>
</td><td style="border-bottom: 1pt solid windowtext; border-left: none; border-right: 1pt solid windowtext; border-top: none; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; width: 42.85pt;" valign="top" width="57"><div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="font-family: Calibri, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt; text-align: center;">
<span style="font-size: 10pt;">1<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td></tr>
<tr><td style="border-bottom: 1pt solid windowtext; border-left: 1pt solid windowtext; border-right: none; border-top: none; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; width: 148.85pt;" valign="top" width="198"><div class="MsoNormal" style="font-family: Calibri, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt;">
<b><span style="font-size: 10pt;">Narrow-winged Grey<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
</td><td style="border-bottom: 1pt solid windowtext; border-left: none; border-right: 1pt solid windowtext; border-top: none; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; width: 134.35pt;" valign="top" width="179"><div class="MsoNormal" style="font-family: Calibri, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt;">
<i><span style="font-size: 10pt;">Eudonia angustea<o:p></o:p></span></i></div>
</td><td style="border-bottom: 1pt solid windowtext; border-left: none; border-right: 1pt solid windowtext; border-top: none; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; width: 42.85pt;" valign="top" width="57"><div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="font-family: Calibri, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt; text-align: center;">
<span style="font-size: 10pt;">1<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td></tr>
<tr><td style="border-bottom: 1pt solid windowtext; border-left: 1pt solid windowtext; border-right: none; border-top: none; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; width: 148.85pt;" valign="top" width="198"><div class="MsoNormal" style="font-family: Calibri, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt;">
<b><span style="font-size: 10pt;">Nut-tree Tussock<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
</td><td style="border-bottom: 1pt solid windowtext; border-left: none; border-right: 1pt solid windowtext; border-top: none; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; width: 134.35pt;" valign="top" width="179"><div class="MsoNormal" style="font-family: Calibri, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt;">
<i><span style="font-size: 10pt;">Colocasia coryli<o:p></o:p></span></i></div>
</td><td style="border-bottom: 1pt solid windowtext; border-left: none; border-right: 1pt solid windowtext; border-top: none; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; width: 42.85pt;" valign="top" width="57"><div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="font-family: Calibri, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt; text-align: center;">
<span style="font-size: 10pt;">1<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td></tr>
<tr><td style="border-bottom: 1pt solid windowtext; border-left: 1pt solid windowtext; border-right: none; border-top: none; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; width: 148.85pt;" valign="top" width="198"><div class="MsoNormal" style="font-family: Calibri, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt;">
<b><span style="font-size: 10pt;">Nutmeg<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
</td><td style="border-bottom: 1pt solid windowtext; border-left: none; border-right: 1pt solid windowtext; border-top: none; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; width: 134.35pt;" valign="top" width="179"><div class="MsoNormal" style="font-family: Calibri, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt;">
<i><span style="font-size: 10pt;">Anarta trifolii<o:p></o:p></span></i></div>
</td><td style="border-bottom: 1pt solid windowtext; border-left: none; border-right: 1pt solid windowtext; border-top: none; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; width: 42.85pt;" valign="top" width="57"><div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="font-family: Calibri, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt; text-align: center;">
<span style="font-size: 10pt;">1<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td></tr>
<tr><td style="border-bottom: 1pt solid windowtext; border-left: 1pt solid windowtext; border-right: none; border-top: none; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; width: 148.85pt;" valign="top" width="198"><div class="MsoNormal" style="font-family: Calibri, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt;">
<b><span style="font-size: 10pt;">Oak Nycteoline<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
</td><td style="border-bottom: 1pt solid windowtext; border-left: none; border-right: 1pt solid windowtext; border-top: none; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; width: 134.35pt;" valign="top" width="179"><div class="MsoNormal" style="font-family: Calibri, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt;">
<i><span style="font-size: 10pt;">Nycteola revayana<o:p></o:p></span></i></div>
</td><td style="border-bottom: 1pt solid windowtext; border-left: none; border-right: 1pt solid windowtext; border-top: none; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; width: 42.85pt;" valign="top" width="57"><div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="font-family: Calibri, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt; text-align: center;">
<span style="font-size: 10pt;">1<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td></tr>
<tr><td style="border-bottom: 1pt solid windowtext; border-left: 1pt solid windowtext; border-right: none; border-top: none; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; width: 148.85pt;" valign="top" width="198"><div class="MsoNormal" style="font-family: Calibri, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt;">
<b><span style="font-size: 10pt;">Oak-tree Pug<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
</td><td style="border-bottom: 1pt solid windowtext; border-left: none; border-right: 1pt solid windowtext; border-top: none; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; width: 134.35pt;" valign="top" width="179"><div class="MsoNormal" style="font-family: Calibri, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt;">
<i><span style="font-size: 10pt;">Eupithecia dodoneata<o:p></o:p></span></i></div>
</td><td style="border-bottom: 1pt solid windowtext; border-left: none; border-right: 1pt solid windowtext; border-top: none; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; width: 42.85pt;" valign="top" width="57"><div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="font-family: Calibri, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt; text-align: center;">
<span style="font-size: 10pt;">8<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td></tr>
<tr><td style="border-bottom: 1pt solid windowtext; border-left: 1pt solid windowtext; border-right: none; border-top: none; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; width: 148.85pt;" valign="top" width="198"><div class="MsoNormal" style="font-family: Calibri, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt;">
<b><span style="font-size: 10pt;">Poplar Hawk-moth<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
</td><td style="border-bottom: 1pt solid windowtext; border-left: none; border-right: 1pt solid windowtext; border-top: none; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; width: 134.35pt;" valign="top" width="179"><div class="MsoNormal" style="font-family: Calibri, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt;">
<i><span style="font-size: 10pt;">Laothoe populi<o:p></o:p></span></i></div>
</td><td style="border-bottom: 1pt solid windowtext; border-left: none; border-right: 1pt solid windowtext; border-top: none; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; width: 42.85pt;" valign="top" width="57"><div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="font-family: Calibri, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt; text-align: center;">
<span style="font-size: 10pt;">1<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td></tr>
<tr><td style="border-bottom: 1pt solid windowtext; border-left: 1pt solid windowtext; border-right: none; border-top: none; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; width: 148.85pt;" valign="top" width="198"><div class="MsoNormal" style="font-family: Calibri, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt;">
<b><span style="font-size: 10pt;">Red-green Carpet<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
</td><td style="border-bottom: 1pt solid windowtext; border-left: none; border-right: 1pt solid windowtext; border-top: none; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; width: 134.35pt;" valign="top" width="179"><div class="MsoNormal" style="font-family: Calibri, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt;">
<i><span style="font-size: 10pt;">Chloroclysta siterata<o:p></o:p></span></i></div>
</td><td style="border-bottom: 1pt solid windowtext; border-left: none; border-right: 1pt solid windowtext; border-top: none; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; width: 42.85pt;" valign="top" width="57"><div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="font-family: Calibri, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt; text-align: center;">
<span style="font-size: 10pt;">1<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td></tr>
<tr><td style="border-bottom: 1pt solid windowtext; border-left: 1pt solid windowtext; border-right: none; border-top: none; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; width: 148.85pt;" valign="top" width="198"><div class="MsoNormal" style="font-family: Calibri, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt;">
<b><span style="font-size: 10pt;">Ruddy Streak<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
</td><td style="border-bottom: 1pt solid windowtext; border-left: none; border-right: 1pt solid windowtext; border-top: none; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; width: 134.35pt;" valign="top" width="179"><div class="MsoNormal" style="font-family: Calibri, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt;">
<i><span style="font-size: 10pt;">Tachystola acroxantha<o:p></o:p></span></i></div>
</td><td style="border-bottom: 1pt solid windowtext; border-left: none; border-right: 1pt solid windowtext; border-top: none; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; width: 42.85pt;" valign="top" width="57"><div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="font-family: Calibri, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt; text-align: center;">
<span style="font-size: 10pt;">1<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td></tr>
<tr><td style="border-bottom: 1pt solid windowtext; border-left: 1pt solid windowtext; border-right: none; border-top: none; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; width: 148.85pt;" valign="top" width="198"><div class="MsoNormal" style="font-family: Calibri, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt;">
<b><span style="font-size: 10pt;">Seraphim<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
</td><td style="border-bottom: 1pt solid windowtext; border-left: none; border-right: 1pt solid windowtext; border-top: none; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; width: 134.35pt;" valign="top" width="179"><div class="MsoNormal" style="font-family: Calibri, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt;">
<i><span style="font-size: 10pt;">Lobophora halterata<o:p></o:p></span></i></div>
</td><td style="border-bottom: 1pt solid windowtext; border-left: none; border-right: 1pt solid windowtext; border-top: none; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; width: 42.85pt;" valign="top" width="57"><div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="font-family: Calibri, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt; text-align: center;">
<span style="font-size: 10pt;">1<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td></tr>
<tr><td style="border-bottom: 1pt solid windowtext; border-left: 1pt solid windowtext; border-right: none; border-top: none; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; width: 148.85pt;" valign="top" width="198"><div class="MsoNormal" style="font-family: Calibri, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt;">
<b><span style="font-size: 10pt;">Sharp-angled Carpet<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
</td><td style="border-bottom: 1pt solid windowtext; border-left: none; border-right: 1pt solid windowtext; border-top: none; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; width: 134.35pt;" valign="top" width="179"><div class="MsoNormal" style="font-family: Calibri, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt;">
<i><span style="font-size: 10pt;">Euphyia unangulata<o:p></o:p></span></i></div>
</td><td style="border-bottom: 1pt solid windowtext; border-left: none; border-right: 1pt solid windowtext; border-top: none; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; width: 42.85pt;" valign="top" width="57"><div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="font-family: Calibri, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt; text-align: center;">
<span style="font-size: 10pt;">1<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td></tr>
<tr><td style="border-bottom: 1pt solid windowtext; border-left: 1pt solid windowtext; border-right: none; border-top: none; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; width: 148.85pt;" valign="top" width="198"><div class="MsoNormal" style="font-family: Calibri, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt;">
<b><span style="font-size: 10pt;">Shuttle-shaped Dart<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
</td><td style="border-bottom: 1pt solid windowtext; border-left: none; border-right: 1pt solid windowtext; border-top: none; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; width: 134.35pt;" valign="top" width="179"><div class="MsoNormal" style="font-family: Calibri, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt;">
<i><span style="font-size: 10pt;">Agrotis puta<o:p></o:p></span></i></div>
</td><td style="border-bottom: 1pt solid windowtext; border-left: none; border-right: 1pt solid windowtext; border-top: none; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; width: 42.85pt;" valign="top" width="57"><div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="font-family: Calibri, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt; text-align: center;">
<span style="font-size: 10pt;">2<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td></tr>
<tr><td style="border-bottom: 1pt solid windowtext; border-left: 1pt solid windowtext; border-right: none; border-top: none; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; width: 148.85pt;" valign="top" width="198"><div class="MsoNormal" style="font-family: Calibri, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt;">
<b><span style="font-size: 10pt;">Spruce Carpet<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
</td><td style="border-bottom: 1pt solid windowtext; border-left: none; border-right: 1pt solid windowtext; border-top: none; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; width: 134.35pt;" valign="top" width="179"><div class="MsoNormal" style="font-family: Calibri, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt;">
<i><span style="font-size: 10pt;">Thera britannica<o:p></o:p></span></i></div>
</td><td style="border-bottom: 1pt solid windowtext; border-left: none; border-right: 1pt solid windowtext; border-top: none; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; width: 42.85pt;" valign="top" width="57"><div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="font-family: Calibri, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt; text-align: center;">
<span style="font-size: 10pt;">1<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td></tr>
<tr><td style="border-bottom: 1pt solid windowtext; border-left: 1pt solid windowtext; border-right: none; border-top: none; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; width: 148.85pt;" valign="top" width="198"><div class="MsoNormal" style="font-family: Calibri, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt;">
<b><span style="font-size: 10pt;">Triple-barred Argent<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
</td><td style="border-bottom: 1pt solid windowtext; border-left: none; border-right: 1pt solid windowtext; border-top: none; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; width: 134.35pt;" valign="top" width="179"><div class="MsoNormal" style="font-family: Calibri, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt;">
<i><span style="font-size: 10pt;">Argyresthia trifasciata<o:p></o:p></span></i></div>
</td><td style="border-bottom: 1pt solid windowtext; border-left: none; border-right: 1pt solid windowtext; border-top: none; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; width: 42.85pt;" valign="top" width="57"><div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="font-family: Calibri, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt; text-align: center;">
<span style="font-size: 10pt;">2<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td></tr>
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<b><span style="font-size: 10pt;">Waved Umber<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
</td><td style="border-bottom: 1pt solid windowtext; border-left: none; border-right: 1pt solid windowtext; border-top: none; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; width: 134.35pt;" valign="top" width="179"><div class="MsoNormal" style="font-family: Calibri, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt;">
<i><span style="font-size: 10pt;">Menophra abruptaria<o:p></o:p></span></i></div>
</td><td style="border-bottom: 1pt solid windowtext; border-left: none; border-right: 1pt solid windowtext; border-top: none; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; width: 42.85pt;" valign="top" width="57"><div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="font-family: Calibri, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt; text-align: center;">
<span style="font-size: 10pt;">1<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td></tr>
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<b><span style="font-size: 10pt;">White-shouldered House Moth<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
</td><td style="border-bottom: 1pt solid windowtext; border-left: none; border-right: 1pt solid windowtext; border-top: none; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; width: 134.35pt;" valign="top" width="179"><div class="MsoNormal" style="font-family: Calibri, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt;">
<i><span style="font-size: 10pt;">Endrosis sarcitrella<o:p></o:p></span></i></div>
</td><td style="border-bottom: 1pt solid windowtext; border-left: none; border-right: 1pt solid windowtext; border-top: none; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; width: 42.85pt;" valign="top" width="57"><div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="font-family: Calibri, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt; text-align: center;">
<span style="font-size: 10pt;">3<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td></tr>
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<b><span style="font-size: 10pt;">Yellow-barred Brindle<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
</td><td style="border-bottom: 1pt solid windowtext; border-left: none; border-right: 1pt solid windowtext; border-top: none; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; width: 134.35pt;" valign="top" width="179"><div class="MsoNormal" style="font-family: Calibri, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt;">
<i><span style="font-size: 10pt;">Acasis viretata<o:p></o:p></span></i></div>
</td><td style="border-bottom: 1pt solid windowtext; border-left: none; border-right: 1pt solid windowtext; border-top: none; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; width: 42.85pt;" valign="top" width="57"><div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="font-family: Calibri, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt; text-align: center;">
<span style="font-size: 10pt;">1</span></div>
</td></tr>
</tbody></table>
</div>
<div style="text-align: left;">
<br />
<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEh0bWN1lN_ylTdapgi9MgGzcqMW-o-NzfS303mapCz4-z94bSUrnYOhLEPND4JwjXk3tXddWlOYga7qcPOUbS_Rlt6khteAiR2Kf1kIiqR9ZrRiFb1YvOMxVTexHbfa8DBxaRgwKt95ut2L/s1600/IMG_1316+edited+in+LR6+with+white+watermark.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1103" data-original-width="1600" height="440" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEh0bWN1lN_ylTdapgi9MgGzcqMW-o-NzfS303mapCz4-z94bSUrnYOhLEPND4JwjXk3tXddWlOYga7qcPOUbS_Rlt6khteAiR2Kf1kIiqR9ZrRiFb1YvOMxVTexHbfa8DBxaRgwKt95ut2L/s640/IMG_1316+edited+in+LR6+with+white+watermark.jpg" width="640" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">Poplar Hawk-moth <i>Laothoe populi</i></td></tr>
</tbody></table>
</div>
</div>
<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhhg5do_PNlK60zhdg5MOiqwnvH0vf8Lc2rMPoGH21oCPH_2Owd9BzHup5xw_vrPPs-YcDAA8NMdsD3iBLJD6C0RZCDnP7703TbdNtEM4NtVVJISs6n0Lxs-aBwBJGzyRDJYf0Pw_CCGIp_/s1600/IMG_1355+edited+in+LR6+with+white+watermark.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="clear: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1065" data-original-width="1600" height="424" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhhg5do_PNlK60zhdg5MOiqwnvH0vf8Lc2rMPoGH21oCPH_2Owd9BzHup5xw_vrPPs-YcDAA8NMdsD3iBLJD6C0RZCDnP7703TbdNtEM4NtVVJISs6n0Lxs-aBwBJGzyRDJYf0Pw_CCGIp_/s640/IMG_1355+edited+in+LR6+with+white+watermark.jpg" width="640" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">Close up of Poplar Hawk-moth antennae</td></tr>
</tbody></table>
<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEh3cLtyjZiJ-WOWHAySx7mdp05Ys0k4aeqTF7ZMnPuPw0DnJwBTq7J6j7h4H1H6guaQOEr5GUVJYAvcgJ84sDTKBndzotAI4Le0gT0WRBTALCtGtSm5QeluUtuycybnbCqP6x_KUOn2Jcbl/s1600/20200424_095149.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1200" data-original-width="1600" height="480" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEh3cLtyjZiJ-WOWHAySx7mdp05Ys0k4aeqTF7ZMnPuPw0DnJwBTq7J6j7h4H1H6guaQOEr5GUVJYAvcgJ84sDTKBndzotAI4Le0gT0WRBTALCtGtSm5QeluUtuycybnbCqP6x_KUOn2Jcbl/s640/20200424_095149.jpg" width="640" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">Chocolate-tip <i>Clostera curtula</i></td></tr>
</tbody></table>
<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEizgYAjIR1OcHxdR1DPSnByfMQ9Cs2eKSLhtvBk1zdgzKok5LsH-3LEAhV9Va-qynzxYRm5_b3ZdgV__q6zBWOIbtKmCDeUap2OgAtJZyYYWl-LdG4zsTsp8ET7vhdY4rcVAx5ZfTtrGJ8E/s1600/20200424_134606.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1215" data-original-width="1600" height="486" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEizgYAjIR1OcHxdR1DPSnByfMQ9Cs2eKSLhtvBk1zdgzKok5LsH-3LEAhV9Va-qynzxYRm5_b3ZdgV__q6zBWOIbtKmCDeUap2OgAtJZyYYWl-LdG4zsTsp8ET7vhdY4rcVAx5ZfTtrGJ8E/s640/20200424_134606.jpg" width="640" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">Muslin Moth <i>Diaphora mendica</i></td></tr>
</tbody></table>
<div>
</div>
<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEisxBKqs_yLufzLXLMBvyQKw-qEm7DUOFJ4HTfictT0O8V5vIpoAkCrd3xjWHHQgIuPLZGDD3JAf7cTdp1thbm97QhwuI3gXKdbjvrrf_ghhmx9WRpFdbZh0I4ZVIbup4NrWK6SE4aE66Jy/s1600/20200424_095233.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1600" data-original-width="1200" height="640" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEisxBKqs_yLufzLXLMBvyQKw-qEm7DUOFJ4HTfictT0O8V5vIpoAkCrd3xjWHHQgIuPLZGDD3JAf7cTdp1thbm97QhwuI3gXKdbjvrrf_ghhmx9WRpFdbZh0I4ZVIbup4NrWK6SE4aE66Jy/s640/20200424_095233.jpg" width="480" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">Yellow-barred Brindle <i>Acasis viretata</i></td></tr>
</tbody></table>
<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjaE8IXme1W2BOYW2IP_p29e-eH7ObS23srnRA9_HJXSl4qF_0re6O6bgcPvAWLtvNUdOqQrkGVI2ajWMm8VpOY85jVpoCuBme6VpS87bGIqagrWKdCncUG7txxjNt5TKEGf-DpLVKU8ZDd/s1600/20200424_095309.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1600" data-original-width="1186" height="640" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjaE8IXme1W2BOYW2IP_p29e-eH7ObS23srnRA9_HJXSl4qF_0re6O6bgcPvAWLtvNUdOqQrkGVI2ajWMm8VpOY85jVpoCuBme6VpS87bGIqagrWKdCncUG7txxjNt5TKEGf-DpLVKU8ZDd/s640/20200424_095309.jpg" width="474" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">Nutmeg <i>Anarta trifolii</i></td></tr>
</tbody></table>
<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhYT9SLStqiMwOb7M5nd3ysJjyDmU2tvhE4i6coR1QPcsdJQH9jkut-K_4vsASOHu1kJhZAtqEjy5xZZFhaSKXtUTQ3JvORS3jvnhMEh6_ZWavNAmvl4SR7viBM9yKfG1LziZLUK4DNOIqc/s1600/20200424_134731.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1600" data-original-width="1200" height="640" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhYT9SLStqiMwOb7M5nd3ysJjyDmU2tvhE4i6coR1QPcsdJQH9jkut-K_4vsASOHu1kJhZAtqEjy5xZZFhaSKXtUTQ3JvORS3jvnhMEh6_ZWavNAmvl4SR7viBM9yKfG1LziZLUK4DNOIqc/s640/20200424_134731.jpg" width="480" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">Sharp-angled Carpet <i>Euphyia unangulata</i></td></tr>
</tbody></table>
</div>
Josie Hewitthttp://www.blogger.com/profile/07680294745952338878noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-9093798942370475328.post-51961104391453611252020-04-22T15:13:00.000+01:002020-04-22T15:13:16.995+01:00Garden moths 22.04.20<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on">
<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on">
<b><u>Garden moths VC12 ~ 21-22/04/20 ~</u></b><br />
<br />
<div style="text-align: justify;">
I put the moth trap out again last night as the forecast was for it to be ~9°C and cloudy. This was not the case however, and the cloud didn't materialise, causing it to be a rather chilly night instead! The moths weren't completely deterred though, and when I checked the trap at about 7am, I found 13 moths of 10 species. </div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
Three of these species were new for the year: <b>Early Grey</b> <i>Xylocampa areola</i>, <b>Frosted Green</b> <i>Polyploca ridens</i> and the delightful <b>Pine Beauty</b> <i>Panolis flammea</i>. The highlight of the catch came in the form of a melanistic (all black) <b>Brindled Beauty</b> <i>Lycia hirtaria</i>. It was a real stunner and not a form I'd heard of before, so it was pretty cool to see.</div>
<br />
<br />
<div align="center">
<table border="1" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="MsoTableGrid" style="border-collapse: collapse; border: none;"><tbody>
<tr><td colspan="2" style="background: rgb(197, 224, 179); border: 1pt solid windowtext; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; width: 247.6pt;" valign="top" width="330"><div class="MsoNormal" style="font-family: Calibri, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt;">
<span style="font-size: 10pt;"><span style="color: #444444;">Species<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
</td><td style="background: rgb(197, 224, 179); border-bottom: 1pt solid windowtext; border-image: initial; border-left: none; border-right: 1pt solid windowtext; border-top: 1pt solid windowtext; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; width: 42.5pt;" valign="top" width="57"><div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="font-family: Calibri, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt; text-align: center;">
<span style="font-size: 10pt;"><span style="color: #444444;">Count</span><span style="font-size: 10pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
</td></tr>
<tr><td style="border-bottom: 1pt solid windowtext; border-left: 1pt solid windowtext; border-right: none; border-top: none; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; width: 120pt;" valign="top" width="160"><div class="MsoNormal" style="font-family: Calibri, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt;">
<b><span style="font-size: 10pt;">Brindled Beauty<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
</td><td style="border-bottom: 1pt solid windowtext; border-left: none; border-right: 1pt solid windowtext; border-top: none; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; width: 127.6pt;" valign="top" width="170"><div class="MsoNormal" style="font-family: Calibri, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt;">
<i><span style="font-size: 10pt;">Lycia hirtaria<o:p></o:p></span></i></div>
</td><td style="border-bottom: 1pt solid windowtext; border-left: none; border-right: 1pt solid windowtext; border-top: none; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; width: 42.5pt;" valign="top" width="57"><div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="font-family: Calibri, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt; text-align: center;">
<span style="font-size: 10pt;">3<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td></tr>
<tr><td style="border-bottom: 1pt solid windowtext; border-left: 1pt solid windowtext; border-right: none; border-top: none; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; width: 120pt;" valign="top" width="160"><div class="MsoNormal" style="font-family: Calibri, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt;">
<b><span style="font-size: 10pt;">Common Slender<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
</td><td style="border-bottom: 1pt solid windowtext; border-left: none; border-right: 1pt solid windowtext; border-top: none; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; width: 127.6pt;" valign="top" width="170"><div class="MsoNormal" style="font-family: Calibri, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt;">
<i><span style="font-size: 10pt;">Gracillaria syringella<o:p></o:p></span></i></div>
</td><td style="border-bottom: 1pt solid windowtext; border-left: none; border-right: 1pt solid windowtext; border-top: none; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; width: 42.5pt;" valign="top" width="57"><div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="font-family: Calibri, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt; text-align: center;">
<span style="font-size: 10pt;">1<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td></tr>
<tr><td style="border-bottom: 1pt solid windowtext; border-left: 1pt solid windowtext; border-right: none; border-top: none; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; width: 120pt;" valign="top" width="160"><div class="MsoNormal" style="font-family: Calibri, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt;">
<b><span style="font-size: 10pt;">Early Grey<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
</td><td style="border-bottom: 1pt solid windowtext; border-left: none; border-right: 1pt solid windowtext; border-top: none; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; width: 127.6pt;" valign="top" width="170"><div class="MsoNormal" style="font-family: Calibri, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt;">
<i><span style="font-size: 10pt;">Xylocampa areola<o:p></o:p></span></i></div>
</td><td style="border-bottom: 1pt solid windowtext; border-left: none; border-right: 1pt solid windowtext; border-top: none; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; width: 42.5pt;" valign="top" width="57"><div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="font-family: Calibri, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt; text-align: center;">
<span style="font-size: 10pt;">1<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td></tr>
<tr><td style="border-bottom: 1pt solid windowtext; border-left: 1pt solid windowtext; border-right: none; border-top: none; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; width: 120pt;" valign="top" width="160"><div class="MsoNormal" style="font-family: Calibri, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt;">
<b><span style="font-size: 10pt;">Frosted Green<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
</td><td style="border-bottom: 1pt solid windowtext; border-left: none; border-right: 1pt solid windowtext; border-top: none; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; width: 127.6pt;" valign="top" width="170"><div class="MsoNormal" style="font-family: Calibri, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt;">
<i><span style="font-size: 10pt;">Polyploca ridens<o:p></o:p></span></i></div>
</td><td style="border-bottom: 1pt solid windowtext; border-left: none; border-right: 1pt solid windowtext; border-top: none; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; width: 42.5pt;" valign="top" width="57"><div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="font-family: Calibri, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt; text-align: center;">
<span style="font-size: 10pt;">1<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td></tr>
<tr><td style="border-bottom: 1pt solid windowtext; border-left: 1pt solid windowtext; border-right: none; border-top: none; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; width: 120pt;" valign="top" width="160"><div class="MsoNormal" style="font-family: Calibri, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt;">
<b><span style="font-size: 10pt;">Grey Pine Carpet<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
</td><td style="border-bottom: 1pt solid windowtext; border-left: none; border-right: 1pt solid windowtext; border-top: none; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; width: 127.6pt;" valign="top" width="170"><div class="MsoNormal" style="font-family: Calibri, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt;">
<i><span style="font-size: 10pt;">Thera obeliscata<o:p></o:p></span></i></div>
</td><td style="border-bottom: 1pt solid windowtext; border-left: none; border-right: 1pt solid windowtext; border-top: none; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; width: 42.5pt;" valign="top" width="57"><div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="font-family: Calibri, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt; text-align: center;">
<span style="font-size: 10pt;">1<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td></tr>
<tr><td style="border-bottom: 1pt solid windowtext; border-left: 1pt solid windowtext; border-right: none; border-top: none; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; width: 120pt;" valign="top" width="160"><div class="MsoNormal" style="font-family: Calibri, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt;">
<b><span style="font-size: 10pt;">Hebrew Character</span></b><span style="font-size: 10pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td><td style="border-bottom: 1pt solid windowtext; border-left: none; border-right: 1pt solid windowtext; border-top: none; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; width: 127.6pt;" valign="top" width="170"><div class="MsoNormal" style="font-family: Calibri, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt;">
<i><span style="font-size: 10pt;">Orthosia gothica</span></i><span style="font-size: 10pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td><td style="border-bottom: 1pt solid windowtext; border-left: none; border-right: 1pt solid windowtext; border-top: none; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; width: 42.5pt;" valign="top" width="57"><div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="font-family: Calibri, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt; text-align: center;">
<span style="font-size: 10pt;">1<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td></tr>
<tr><td style="border-bottom: 1pt solid windowtext; border-left: 1pt solid windowtext; border-right: none; border-top: none; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; width: 120pt;" valign="top" width="160"><div class="MsoNormal" style="font-family: Calibri, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt;">
<b><span style="font-size: 10pt;">Pale Mottled Willow</span></b><span style="font-size: 10pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td><td style="border-bottom: 1pt solid windowtext; border-left: none; border-right: 1pt solid windowtext; border-top: none; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; width: 127.6pt;" valign="top" width="170"><div class="MsoNormal" style="font-family: Calibri, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt;">
<i><span style="font-size: 10pt;">Caradrina clavipalpis</span></i><span style="font-size: 10pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td><td style="border-bottom: 1pt solid windowtext; border-left: none; border-right: 1pt solid windowtext; border-top: none; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; width: 42.5pt;" valign="top" width="57"><div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="font-family: Calibri, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt; text-align: center;">
<span style="font-size: 10pt;">1<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td></tr>
<tr><td style="border-bottom: 1pt solid windowtext; border-left: 1pt solid windowtext; border-right: none; border-top: none; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; width: 120pt;" valign="top" width="160"><div class="MsoNormal" style="font-family: Calibri, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt;">
<b><span style="font-size: 10pt;">Pine Beauty<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
</td><td style="border-bottom: 1pt solid windowtext; border-left: none; border-right: 1pt solid windowtext; border-top: none; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; width: 127.6pt;" valign="top" width="170"><div class="MsoNormal" style="font-family: Calibri, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt;">
<i><span style="font-size: 10pt;">Panolis flammea<o:p></o:p></span></i></div>
</td><td style="border-bottom: 1pt solid windowtext; border-left: none; border-right: 1pt solid windowtext; border-top: none; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; width: 42.5pt;" valign="top" width="57"><div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="font-family: Calibri, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt; text-align: center;">
<span style="font-size: 10pt;">1<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td></tr>
<tr><td style="border-bottom: 1pt solid windowtext; border-left: 1pt solid windowtext; border-right: none; border-top: none; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; width: 120pt;" valign="top" width="160"><div class="MsoNormal" style="font-family: Calibri, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt;">
<b><span style="font-size: 10pt;">Shuttle-shaped Dart<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
</td><td style="border-bottom: 1pt solid windowtext; border-left: none; border-right: 1pt solid windowtext; border-top: none; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; width: 127.6pt;" valign="top" width="170"><div class="MsoNormal" style="font-family: Calibri, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt;">
<i><span style="font-size: 10pt;">Agrotis puta<o:p></o:p></span></i></div>
</td><td style="border-bottom: 1pt solid windowtext; border-left: none; border-right: 1pt solid windowtext; border-top: none; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; width: 42.5pt;" valign="top" width="57"><div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="font-family: Calibri, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt; text-align: center;">
<span style="font-size: 10pt;">2<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td></tr>
<tr><td style="border-bottom: 1pt solid windowtext; border-left: 1pt solid windowtext; border-right: none; border-top: none; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; width: 120pt;" valign="top" width="160"><div class="MsoNormal" style="font-family: Calibri, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt;">
<b><span style="font-size: 10pt;">Sulphur Tubic<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
</td><td style="border-bottom: 1pt solid windowtext; border-left: none; border-right: 1pt solid windowtext; border-top: none; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; width: 127.6pt;" valign="top" width="170"><div class="MsoNormal" style="font-family: Calibri, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt;">
<i><span style="font-size: 10pt;">Esperia sulphurella<o:p></o:p></span></i></div>
</td><td style="border-bottom: 1pt solid windowtext; border-left: none; border-right: 1pt solid windowtext; border-top: none; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; width: 42.5pt;" valign="top" width="57"><div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="font-family: Calibri, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt; text-align: center;">
<span style="font-size: 10pt;">1<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td></tr>
</tbody></table>
<br /></div>
<div align="center">
<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEi7x-69Yaqa4EK4HKk_-eULj_ns7enqaZNZa15F54Q_Er5yrVT9wnrJ2i2q2SqQNaJvwKh2jvc5NwQC-cHFZqGCRRe2417YDCI56dMg512e9syi-49PuIUYu3S_kb7M90_Pgh5w2UOyqJVZ/s1600/1587564549566837-0.png" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;" width="400" /></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">2x Brindled Beauty <i>Lycia hirtaria</i>, including the melanistic form</td></tr>
</tbody></table>
</div>
<div align="center">
<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEi2rZ9deRaKUrRhnqMa5EGT1TG7XCj80EKOX37CtCu8qbcAU_GnOlVNNvWTqwrgeJNwMSfSt4JciRL70y8WakyrE0oEg_24tZiCapIJsYST3SRWSBwpRy3N_2zunDhEYK_umBYMQFaJ7MnQ/s1600/1587564545096755-1.png" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;" width="400" /></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">Melanistic Brindled Beauty <i>Lycia hirtaria</i></td></tr>
</tbody></table>
</div>
<div align="center">
<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhWM4pVd1cjnUXfdtoEeB71xDHb11Q2KLfnF46cFawCci68UqIucU4D9TGo43cRtD-fCOxheeihdp3Bj_Uaa8ovS6HcTu3XB-TcjZXLohH6jbMKOQJb63fuce83qppvAQAeXzKjNXmU_4Ti/s1600/1587564541630639-2.png" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;" width="400" /></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">Pine Beauty <i>Panolis flammea</i></td></tr>
</tbody></table>
</div>
<div align="center">
<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><img border="0" height="464" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEj-iBnrjg8A4LQUqkdja-r36p7sbd9WzN4ih8lCK9aWZ4_WMGpMSQ_Pf4UwFtP9dubj9dZbn7oyoHdw3ePzoMSO1NEWiSD5Aqpl69wArWHl7tQRX1P0S07qJDqfrCTLXh7fiMUz2P3Vfxim/s640/1587564536483881-3.png" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;" width="640" /></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">Frosted Green <i>Polyploca ridens</i></td></tr>
</tbody></table>
</div>
</div>
</div>
Josie Hewitthttp://www.blogger.com/profile/07680294745952338878noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-9093798942370475328.post-48358065503319856222020-04-17T12:52:00.000+01:002020-04-17T12:52:35.603+01:00First trap of the year<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on">
<b><u>Moth Trapping - NE Hants ~ 16-17/04/20 ~</u></b><br />
<b><u><br /></u></b>Last night I put the moth trap out for the first time since I left for Australia back in June 2019. The weather was reasonably calm and overcast for most of the night, dropping to around 4℃, and with a bit of light rain in the early hours.<br />
<br />
The catch consisted of 27 moths of 17 species; highlights were 2 Grey Birch, 1 Great Prominent & 1 Purple Thorn. Prior to this morning, I had only seen one Grey Birch before, so they were a particular surprise! See the table below for a full species breakdown:<br />
<br />
<table align="center" border="1" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="MsoTableGrid" style="border-collapse: collapse; border: none;" table=""><tbody>
<tr><td colspan="2" style="background: rgb(197, 224, 179); border: 1pt solid windowtext; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; width: 247.6pt;" valign="top" width="330"><div class="MsoNormal" style="font-family: Calibri, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt;">
<span style="font-size: 10pt;"><span style="color: #444444;">Species</span><o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td><td style="background: rgb(197, 224, 179); border-bottom: 1pt solid windowtext; border-image: initial; border-left: none; border-right: 1pt solid windowtext; border-top: 1pt solid windowtext; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; width: 42.5pt;" valign="top" width="57"><div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="font-family: Calibri, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt; text-align: center;">
<span style="color: #444444; font-size: 10pt;">Count</span><span style="font-size: 10pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td></tr>
<tr><td style="border-bottom: 1pt solid windowtext; border-left: 1pt solid windowtext; border-right: none; border-top: none; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; width: 120pt;" valign="top" width="160"><div class="MsoNormal" style="font-family: Calibri, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt;">
<b><span style="font-size: 10pt;">Brimstone Moth</span></b><span style="font-size: 10pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td><td style="border-bottom: 1pt solid windowtext; border-left: none; border-right: 1pt solid windowtext; border-top: none; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; width: 127.6pt;" valign="top" width="170"><div class="MsoNormal" style="font-family: Calibri, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt;">
<i><span style="font-size: 10pt;">Opisthograptis luteolata</span></i><span style="font-size: 10pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td><td style="border-bottom: 1pt solid windowtext; border-left: none; border-right: 1pt solid windowtext; border-top: none; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; width: 42.5pt;" valign="top" width="57"><div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="font-family: Calibri, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt; text-align: center;">
<span style="font-size: 10pt;">1<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td></tr>
<tr><td style="border-bottom: 1pt solid windowtext; border-left: 1pt solid windowtext; border-right: none; border-top: none; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; width: 120pt;" valign="top" width="160"><div class="MsoNormal" style="font-family: Calibri, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt;">
<b><span style="font-size: 10pt;">Light Brown Apple-moth</span></b><span style="font-size: 10pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td><td style="border-bottom: 1pt solid windowtext; border-left: none; border-right: 1pt solid windowtext; border-top: none; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; width: 127.6pt;" valign="top" width="170"><div class="MsoNormal" style="font-family: Calibri, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt;">
<i><span style="font-size: 10pt;">Epiphyas postvittana</span></i><span style="font-size: 10pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td><td style="border-bottom: 1pt solid windowtext; border-left: none; border-right: 1pt solid windowtext; border-top: none; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; width: 42.5pt;" valign="top" width="57"><div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="font-family: Calibri, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt; text-align: center;">
<span style="font-size: 10pt;">1<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td></tr>
<tr><td style="border-bottom: 1pt solid windowtext; border-left: 1pt solid windowtext; border-right: none; border-top: none; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; width: 120pt;" valign="top" width="160"><div class="MsoNormal" style="font-family: Calibri, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt;">
<b><span style="font-size: 10pt;">Satellite</span></b><span style="font-size: 10pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td><td style="border-bottom: 1pt solid windowtext; border-left: none; border-right: 1pt solid windowtext; border-top: none; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; width: 127.6pt;" valign="top" width="170"><div class="MsoNormal" style="font-family: Calibri, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt;">
<i><span style="font-size: 10pt;">Eupsilia transversa</span></i><span style="font-size: 10pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td><td style="border-bottom: 1pt solid windowtext; border-left: none; border-right: 1pt solid windowtext; border-top: none; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; width: 42.5pt;" valign="top" width="57"><div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="font-family: Calibri, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt; text-align: center;">
<span style="font-size: 10pt;">1<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td></tr>
<tr><td style="border-bottom: 1pt solid windowtext; border-left: 1pt solid windowtext; border-right: none; border-top: none; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; width: 120pt;" valign="top" width="160"><div class="MsoNormal" style="font-family: Calibri, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt;">
<b><span style="font-size: 10pt;">Brown-spot Flat-body<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
</td><td style="border-bottom: 1pt solid windowtext; border-left: none; border-right: 1pt solid windowtext; border-top: none; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; width: 127.6pt;" valign="top" width="170"><div class="MsoNormal" style="font-family: Calibri, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt;">
<i><span style="font-size: 10pt;">Agonopterix alstromeriana<o:p></o:p></span></i></div>
</td><td style="border-bottom: 1pt solid windowtext; border-left: none; border-right: 1pt solid windowtext; border-top: none; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; width: 42.5pt;" valign="top" width="57"><div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="font-family: Calibri, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt; text-align: center;">
<span style="font-size: 10pt;">1<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td></tr>
<tr><td style="border-bottom: 1pt solid windowtext; border-left: 1pt solid windowtext; border-right: none; border-top: none; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; width: 120pt;" valign="top" width="160"><div class="MsoNormal" style="font-family: Calibri, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt;">
<b><span style="font-size: 10pt;">Purple Thorn</span></b><span style="font-size: 10pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td><td style="border-bottom: 1pt solid windowtext; border-left: none; border-right: 1pt solid windowtext; border-top: none; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; width: 127.6pt;" valign="top" width="170"><div class="MsoNormal" style="font-family: Calibri, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt;">
<i><span style="font-size: 10pt;">Selenia tetralunaria</span></i><span style="font-size: 10pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td><td style="border-bottom: 1pt solid windowtext; border-left: none; border-right: 1pt solid windowtext; border-top: none; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; width: 42.5pt;" valign="top" width="57"><div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="font-family: Calibri, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt; text-align: center;">
<span style="font-size: 10pt;">1<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td></tr>
<tr><td style="border-bottom: 1pt solid windowtext; border-left: 1pt solid windowtext; border-right: none; border-top: none; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; width: 120pt;" valign="top" width="160"><div class="MsoNormal" style="font-family: Calibri, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt;">
<b><span style="font-size: 10pt;">Ruddy Streak</span></b><span style="font-size: 10pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td><td style="border-bottom: 1pt solid windowtext; border-left: none; border-right: 1pt solid windowtext; border-top: none; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; width: 127.6pt;" valign="top" width="170"><div class="MsoNormal" style="font-family: Calibri, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt;">
<i><span style="font-size: 10pt;">Tachystola acroxantha</span></i><span style="font-size: 10pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td><td style="border-bottom: 1pt solid windowtext; border-left: none; border-right: 1pt solid windowtext; border-top: none; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; width: 42.5pt;" valign="top" width="57"><div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="font-family: Calibri, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt; text-align: center;">
<span style="font-size: 10pt;">1<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td></tr>
<tr><td style="border-bottom: 1pt solid windowtext; border-left: 1pt solid windowtext; border-right: none; border-top: none; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; width: 120pt;" valign="top" width="160"><div class="MsoNormal" style="font-family: Calibri, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt;">
<b><span style="font-size: 10pt;">Common Quaker</span></b><span style="font-size: 10pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td><td style="border-bottom: 1pt solid windowtext; border-left: none; border-right: 1pt solid windowtext; border-top: none; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; width: 127.6pt;" valign="top" width="170"><div class="MsoNormal" style="font-family: Calibri, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt;">
<i><span style="font-size: 10pt;">Orthosia cerasi</span></i><span style="font-size: 10pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td><td style="border-bottom: 1pt solid windowtext; border-left: none; border-right: 1pt solid windowtext; border-top: none; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; width: 42.5pt;" valign="top" width="57"><div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="font-family: Calibri, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt; text-align: center;">
<span style="font-size: 10pt;">2<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td></tr>
<tr><td style="border-bottom: 1pt solid windowtext; border-left: 1pt solid windowtext; border-right: none; border-top: none; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; width: 120pt;" valign="top" width="160"><div class="MsoNormal" style="font-family: Calibri, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt;">
<b><span style="font-size: 10pt;">Hebrew Character</span></b><span style="font-size: 10pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td><td style="border-bottom: 1pt solid windowtext; border-left: none; border-right: 1pt solid windowtext; border-top: none; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; width: 127.6pt;" valign="top" width="170"><div class="MsoNormal" style="font-family: Calibri, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt;">
<i><span style="font-size: 10pt;">Orthosia gothica</span></i><span style="font-size: 10pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td><td style="border-bottom: 1pt solid windowtext; border-left: none; border-right: 1pt solid windowtext; border-top: none; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; width: 42.5pt;" valign="top" width="57"><div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="font-family: Calibri, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt; text-align: center;">
<span style="font-size: 10pt;">2<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td></tr>
<tr><td style="border-bottom: 1pt solid windowtext; border-left: 1pt solid windowtext; border-right: none; border-top: none; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; width: 120pt;" valign="top" width="160"><div class="MsoNormal" style="font-family: Calibri, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt;">
<b><span style="font-size: 10pt;">Nut-tree Tussock</span></b><span style="font-size: 10pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td><td style="border-bottom: 1pt solid windowtext; border-left: none; border-right: 1pt solid windowtext; border-top: none; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; width: 127.6pt;" valign="top" width="170"><div class="MsoNormal" style="font-family: Calibri, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt;">
<i><span style="font-size: 10pt;">Colocasia coryli</span></i><span style="font-size: 10pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td><td style="border-bottom: 1pt solid windowtext; border-left: none; border-right: 1pt solid windowtext; border-top: none; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; width: 42.5pt;" valign="top" width="57"><div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="font-family: Calibri, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt; text-align: center;">
<span style="font-size: 10pt;">1<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td></tr>
<tr><td style="border-bottom: 1pt solid windowtext; border-left: 1pt solid windowtext; border-right: none; border-top: none; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; width: 120pt;" valign="top" width="160"><div class="MsoNormal" style="font-family: Calibri, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt;">
<b><span style="font-size: 10pt;">Brindled Beauty</span></b><span style="font-size: 10pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td><td style="border-bottom: 1pt solid windowtext; border-left: none; border-right: 1pt solid windowtext; border-top: none; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; width: 127.6pt;" valign="top" width="170"><div class="MsoNormal" style="font-family: Calibri, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt;">
<i><span style="font-size: 10pt;">Lycia hirtaria</span></i><span style="font-size: 10pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td><td style="border-bottom: 1pt solid windowtext; border-left: none; border-right: 1pt solid windowtext; border-top: none; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; width: 42.5pt;" valign="top" width="57"><div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="font-family: Calibri, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt; text-align: center;">
<span style="font-size: 10pt;">4<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td></tr>
<tr><td style="border-bottom: 1pt solid windowtext; border-left: 1pt solid windowtext; border-right: none; border-top: none; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; width: 120pt;" valign="top" width="160"><div class="MsoNormal" style="font-family: Calibri, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt;">
<b><span style="font-size: 10pt;">Oak-tree Pug</span></b><span style="font-size: 10pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td><td style="border-bottom: 1pt solid windowtext; border-left: none; border-right: 1pt solid windowtext; border-top: none; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; width: 127.6pt;" valign="top" width="170"><div class="MsoNormal" style="font-family: Calibri, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt;">
<i><span style="font-size: 10pt;">Eupithecia dodoneata</span></i><span style="font-size: 10pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td><td style="border-bottom: 1pt solid windowtext; border-left: none; border-right: 1pt solid windowtext; border-top: none; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; width: 42.5pt;" valign="top" width="57"><div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="font-family: Calibri, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt; text-align: center;">
<span style="font-size: 10pt;">5<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td></tr>
<tr><td style="border-bottom: 1pt solid windowtext; border-left: 1pt solid windowtext; border-right: none; border-top: none; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; width: 120pt;" valign="top" width="160"><div class="MsoNormal" style="font-family: Calibri, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt;">
<b><span style="font-size: 10pt;">Brindled Pug<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
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<i><span style="font-size: 10pt;">Eupithecia abbreviata<o:p></o:p></span></i></div>
</td><td style="border-bottom: 1pt solid windowtext; border-left: none; border-right: 1pt solid windowtext; border-top: none; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; width: 42.5pt;" valign="top" width="57"><div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="font-family: Calibri, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt; text-align: center;">
<span style="font-size: 10pt;">1<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<tr><td style="border-bottom: 1pt solid windowtext; border-left: 1pt solid windowtext; border-right: none; border-top: none; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; width: 120pt;" valign="top" width="160"><div class="MsoNormal" style="font-family: Calibri, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt;">
<b><span style="font-size: 10pt;">Great Prominent</span></b><span style="font-size: 10pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td><td style="border-bottom: 1pt solid windowtext; border-left: none; border-right: 1pt solid windowtext; border-top: none; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; width: 127.6pt;" valign="top" width="170"><div class="MsoNormal" style="font-family: Calibri, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt;">
<i><span style="font-size: 10pt;">Peridea anceps</span></i><span style="font-size: 10pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td><td style="border-bottom: 1pt solid windowtext; border-left: none; border-right: 1pt solid windowtext; border-top: none; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; width: 42.5pt;" valign="top" width="57"><div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="font-family: Calibri, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt; text-align: center;">
<span style="font-size: 10pt;">1<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-size: 10pt;">Clouded Drab</span></b><span style="font-size: 10pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td><td style="border-bottom: 1pt solid windowtext; border-left: none; border-right: 1pt solid windowtext; border-top: none; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; width: 127.6pt;" valign="top" width="170"><div class="MsoNormal" style="font-family: Calibri, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt;">
<i><span style="font-size: 10pt;">Orthosia incerta</span></i><span style="font-size: 10pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td><td style="border-bottom: 1pt solid windowtext; border-left: none; border-right: 1pt solid windowtext; border-top: none; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; width: 42.5pt;" valign="top" width="57"><div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="font-family: Calibri, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt; text-align: center;">
<span style="font-size: 10pt;">1<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-size: 10pt;">Grey Birch<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
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<i><span style="font-size: 10pt;">Aethalura punctulata</span></i><span style="font-size: 10pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td><td style="border-bottom: 1pt solid windowtext; border-left: none; border-right: 1pt solid windowtext; border-top: none; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; width: 42.5pt;" valign="top" width="57"><div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="font-family: Calibri, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt; text-align: center;">
<span style="font-size: 10pt;">2<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-size: 10pt;">Iron Prominent</span></b><span style="font-size: 10pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td><td style="border-bottom: 1pt solid windowtext; border-left: none; border-right: 1pt solid windowtext; border-top: none; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; width: 127.6pt;" valign="top" width="170"><div class="MsoNormal" style="font-family: Calibri, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt;">
<i><span style="font-size: 10pt;">Notodonta dromedarius</span></i><span style="font-size: 10pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td><td style="border-bottom: 1pt solid windowtext; border-left: none; border-right: 1pt solid windowtext; border-top: none; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; width: 42.5pt;" valign="top" width="57"><div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="font-family: Calibri, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt; text-align: center;">
<span style="font-size: 10pt;">1<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td></tr>
<tr><td style="border-bottom: 1pt solid windowtext; border-left: 1pt solid windowtext; border-right: none; border-top: none; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; width: 120pt;" valign="top" width="160"><div class="MsoNormal" style="font-family: Calibri, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt;">
<b><span style="font-size: 10pt;">Pale Mottled Willow</span></b><span style="font-size: 10pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td><td style="border-bottom: 1pt solid windowtext; border-left: none; border-right: 1pt solid windowtext; border-top: none; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; width: 127.6pt;" valign="top" width="170"><div class="MsoNormal" style="font-family: Calibri, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt;">
<i><span style="font-size: 10pt;">Caradrina clavipalpis</span></i><span style="font-size: 10pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td><td style="border-bottom: 1pt solid windowtext; border-left: none; border-right: 1pt solid windowtext; border-top: none; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; width: 42.5pt;" valign="top" width="57"><div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="font-family: Calibri, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt; text-align: center;">
<span style="font-size: 10pt;">1<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgyJWhjMrEUmWQFKKINiyI0WqyLzLpVLapRRvhoG82-Vs-BtGKKZSLqxoqHJX4aVbFq1dQ8s7J1_9JHpsNSolfiBJXkw68VAxjB34fZgsCNwZ1FXFXvLhnqLVfb5SToZ_Ooevqux2peGmLn/s1600/IMG_1019+edited+in+LR6+with+white+watermark.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1087" data-original-width="1600" height="433" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgyJWhjMrEUmWQFKKINiyI0WqyLzLpVLapRRvhoG82-Vs-BtGKKZSLqxoqHJX4aVbFq1dQ8s7J1_9JHpsNSolfiBJXkw68VAxjB34fZgsCNwZ1FXFXvLhnqLVfb5SToZ_Ooevqux2peGmLn/s640/IMG_1019+edited+in+LR6+with+white+watermark.jpg" width="640" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">Grey Birch <i>Aethalura punctulata</i></td></tr>
</tbody></table>
<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjtCLx94TojY9M3KhfMYP1eTfjkwohI6TGvH6g_kHy-298RnNBJMpEIuu4ZOSn4vQDZKNPO78YtJcWTSmIWZ1g7f049Qisq34NzhG-9f8JBpqNUIxA7d9v7jRyuqeZCBOjFCQB3drK2RGkO/s1600/IMG_0972+edited+in+LR6+with+white+watermark.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1068" data-original-width="1600" height="425" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjtCLx94TojY9M3KhfMYP1eTfjkwohI6TGvH6g_kHy-298RnNBJMpEIuu4ZOSn4vQDZKNPO78YtJcWTSmIWZ1g7f049Qisq34NzhG-9f8JBpqNUIxA7d9v7jRyuqeZCBOjFCQB3drK2RGkO/s640/IMG_0972+edited+in+LR6+with+white+watermark.jpg" width="640" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">Iron Prominent <i>Notodonta dromedarius</i></td></tr>
</tbody></table>
<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEj8JZXvyUVeV4wqjEK-pg4kd0vjTdj427D5ZMsX1SlroIZzuRZYGwPxx7iWYGsyFMe8A9JVxhfFb9h_qw47fFwUdiEIQCdMmVfurp-TRplBqeGqepGBLPqu7H8U4vNgzmcCUkle-joAnh2K/s1600/93519444_325913101718289_85639182571012096_n.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1600" data-original-width="1194" height="640" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEj8JZXvyUVeV4wqjEK-pg4kd0vjTdj427D5ZMsX1SlroIZzuRZYGwPxx7iWYGsyFMe8A9JVxhfFb9h_qw47fFwUdiEIQCdMmVfurp-TRplBqeGqepGBLPqu7H8U4vNgzmcCUkle-joAnh2K/s640/93519444_325913101718289_85639182571012096_n.jpg" width="475" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">Brindled Beauty <i>Lycia hirtaria</i></td></tr>
</tbody></table>
<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEi-LvQFyUz3nWHzyv8sdVYI0IM_OOjxLbG28lbrj2klSiczZB-NkKge2bb-F9hxCIlOVTPTeNX-bTpkn7vKf2vX-kXTwWT6rtD3sz7KI6t_yBTvgJ85Q3FrOC04_VOjjuBUGzF0-0po7nyO/s1600/94143689_1595944843903012_7361150452978679808_n.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1600" data-original-width="1194" height="640" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEi-LvQFyUz3nWHzyv8sdVYI0IM_OOjxLbG28lbrj2klSiczZB-NkKge2bb-F9hxCIlOVTPTeNX-bTpkn7vKf2vX-kXTwWT6rtD3sz7KI6t_yBTvgJ85Q3FrOC04_VOjjuBUGzF0-0po7nyO/s640/94143689_1595944843903012_7361150452978679808_n.jpg" width="475" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">Great Prominent <i>Peridea anceps</i></td></tr>
</tbody></table>
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Josie Hewitthttp://www.blogger.com/profile/07680294745952338878noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-9093798942370475328.post-33231529931934207922019-08-27T14:57:00.000+01:002019-09-06T04:45:24.472+01:00Munghorn Gap<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on">
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<u>Munghorn Gap Bird Banding ~ 23rd & 24th August 2019 ~</u><br />
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Last weekend I was invited to join a bird ringing trip at Munghorn Gap, a nature reserve located about 2.5hrs inland from Newcastle, in the NSW Central Tablelands. Bird ringing (or banding as it is known here) has taken place at Munghorn for over 50 years, meaning that a vast amount of data has been collected on the size, health, site fidelity and longevity of birds within this population. </div>
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For those who don't know, bird banding (ringing) consists of catching wild birds and fitting a uniquely numbered lightweight metal ring to their leg. Bird ringing generates information on the survival, productivity and movements of birds which allows us to understand how and why populations are changing so that the most effective conservation measures can be put in place to protect them. The <a href="http://environment.gov.au/science/bird-and-bat-banding" target="_blank">Australian Bird and Bat Banding Scheme</a> and <a href="https://www.bto.org/our-science/projects/ringing/about" target="_blank">British Trust for Ornithology</a> websites both provide excellent information regarding the value of bird ringing/banding, including examples of some incredible migration events and longevity records, none of which would be known otherwise.</div>
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Anyway, I arrived at the campsite at Honeyeater Flat on Thursday evening, set up my tent and had some dinner before meeting the other banders once they returned from setting up nets for the follow day's session. On Friday (23rd) morning we banded at the Moolarben Picnic Area, a lovely woodland site with a spring situated in a gulley adjacent to the main walking track, which proved to be a real magnet for many species, including Honeyeaters, Thornbills and Fairy-wrens.<br />
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Over the course of the morning we caught a wide variety of species, from small <b>Superb Fairy-wrens</b> <i>Malurus cyaneus </i>and <b>Striated Thornbills </b><i>Acanthiza lineata</i>, to medium-sized <b>White-naped Honeyeaters </b><i>Melithreptus lunatus </i>and <b>White-throated Treecreepers </b><i>Cormobates leucophaea</i>
and we even got some larger species: <b>Laughing Kookaburra </b><i>Dacelo novaeguineae</i>, <b>Noisy Friarbird </b><i>Philemon corniculatus </i>and <b>Australian King-parrot </b><i>Alisterus scapularis</i>! We also caught some of my favourite Australian birds so far: <b>Varied Sittella </b><i>Daphoenositta chrysoptera</i> and <b>Eastern Spinebill </b><i>Acanthorhynchus tenuirostris</i>, which were both amazing to see up close!</div>
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgkIkEZoARbrOmIBVpUsReWlHFJ7Ow29I57hTeuk7ucuMnH7sp0n7TpqnEWfiQLw7V0zYwK8EBYdGZ-1Vv6nAUzWtWNWX1dJsEVdWvF4mMhuoubJHIiWfshsUrsZjF9TSy1HlF_EiIK_wvV/s1600/20190824_222757.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1266" data-original-width="1600" height="253" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgkIkEZoARbrOmIBVpUsReWlHFJ7Ow29I57hTeuk7ucuMnH7sp0n7TpqnEWfiQLw7V0zYwK8EBYdGZ-1Vv6nAUzWtWNWX1dJsEVdWvF4mMhuoubJHIiWfshsUrsZjF9TSy1HlF_EiIK_wvV/s320/20190824_222757.jpg" width="320" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">Superb Fairy-wren <i>Malurus cyaneus</i></td></tr>
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<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEh3JlCTxBOEka5Oxny_ZeQ7Pt0G11U_VIw_zNZMPhCle-uHq8dVj2fpzeVpAQQSDET6UrKEiLoZ64sgFGKyZOpQxDYx3NqsN24h2FuzyEsF3n4jem_la61hzaYWaIxXWLCZqt0TbYR4FfKw/s1600/20190824_222652.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1600" data-original-width="1181" height="320" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEh3JlCTxBOEka5Oxny_ZeQ7Pt0G11U_VIw_zNZMPhCle-uHq8dVj2fpzeVpAQQSDET6UrKEiLoZ64sgFGKyZOpQxDYx3NqsN24h2FuzyEsF3n4jem_la61hzaYWaIxXWLCZqt0TbYR4FfKw/s320/20190824_222652.jpg" width="236" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">Laughing Kookaburra <i>Dacelo novaeguineae</i></td></tr>
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEh7HYACQUSowTB1GsB2n4yULP5UeBUt7onNYzrT9x_66IUHhU5n9hSElgows1x5-_-T7mxWhTqTkQ-tgjU8aWI92QM2PAFU1nsiy0MlrCWZj3fNuunaYqbv8r5yilvxQWCjF9wcwwYL-gGk/s1600/20190824_222558.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1600" data-original-width="1200" height="320" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEh7HYACQUSowTB1GsB2n4yULP5UeBUt7onNYzrT9x_66IUHhU5n9hSElgows1x5-_-T7mxWhTqTkQ-tgjU8aWI92QM2PAFU1nsiy0MlrCWZj3fNuunaYqbv8r5yilvxQWCjF9wcwwYL-gGk/s320/20190824_222558.jpg" width="240" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">Varied Sittella <i>Daphoenositta chrysoptera<i></i></i></td></tr>
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEidUkxhv4oWVL1cMpuocwPFlZ8cgfs_oTJmi0fniGOoltKCKQY9kZOyjP7d1zBVZxFZPXCgQQQAjayZCcxz12JdMM7YCySziJpJvVaoPgOsyfSuY2RdwSi_aWsDf0-CfvpJX7Yk-izNiACk/s1600/20190824_222625.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1600" data-original-width="1200" height="320" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEidUkxhv4oWVL1cMpuocwPFlZ8cgfs_oTJmi0fniGOoltKCKQY9kZOyjP7d1zBVZxFZPXCgQQQAjayZCcxz12JdMM7YCySziJpJvVaoPgOsyfSuY2RdwSi_aWsDf0-CfvpJX7Yk-izNiACk/s320/20190824_222625.jpg" width="240" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">Eastern Spinebill <i>Acanthorhynchus tenuirostris</i></td></tr>
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We banded until about 13:00 before taking down the nets and having some lunch. Once we were refuelled, we headed to our banding site for Saturday morning, which was only down the road from the campsite and set up the nets ready for the following morning. After a bit of down time back at the campsite, we went to a nearby pub for dinner and some warmth.</div>
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On Saturday morning we were up at the crack of dawn and soon had the nets open again - there was an initial rush of birds (mostly <b>White-naped Honeyeaters</b>) which steadily declined until we packed up around lunchtime. Over the course of the morning we caught a variety of species, including honeyeaters, treecreepers, finches, fairy-wrens and thornbills. My personal favourites were: <b>White-plumed Honeyeater</b> <i>Ptilotula penicillata</i> and <b>Diamond Firetail</b> <i>Stagonopleura guttata. </i></div>
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhfsczpvKCVGr1CJrb-WQ6QVRCHkH8bzCxlWo4O4HmrnldNjOIX343S5oj5fA1AduL62MK5kdnqhMqtfckVGDDDSnKo-fM97AOe12WnOPqIHJQLfoe9AZB1KNwTJj2HkTRqpXrQx7X3VjNN/s1600/20190824_094833.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1600" data-original-width="1200" height="320" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhfsczpvKCVGr1CJrb-WQ6QVRCHkH8bzCxlWo4O4HmrnldNjOIX343S5oj5fA1AduL62MK5kdnqhMqtfckVGDDDSnKo-fM97AOe12WnOPqIHJQLfoe9AZB1KNwTJj2HkTRqpXrQx7X3VjNN/s320/20190824_094833.jpg" width="240" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">Diamond Firetail <i>Stagonopleura guttata</i></td></tr>
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEj5OU4wUn8pbOHrMspz6PfZMYNH4UuaZArF8hdPdjlMTOr9Se695zqQbPe1bkM0NQk7IP1yxVuhl6jT7Kvh4yDxKbcS4wt4TlbRjPnaqF1qRm-7aLEUaTIMBSRQOnQuP_cnX4aNjyS5m72f/s1600/20190824_222504.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1600" data-original-width="1101" height="320" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEj5OU4wUn8pbOHrMspz6PfZMYNH4UuaZArF8hdPdjlMTOr9Se695zqQbPe1bkM0NQk7IP1yxVuhl6jT7Kvh4yDxKbcS4wt4TlbRjPnaqF1qRm-7aLEUaTIMBSRQOnQuP_cnX4aNjyS5m72f/s320/20190824_222504.jpg" width="220" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">White-plumed Honeyeater <i>Ptilotula penicillata</i></td></tr>
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Once we had packed up and had some lunch, we headed back to the campsite where I packed up my tent and all my gear into the car. Unfortunately I had an assignment due in that week which meant I couldn't stay for an extra day of banding. Over the course of the two sessions, a number of the birds we caught were re-captures (banded on previous trips), and a fair few were quite old: one of the <b>White-plumed Honeyeaters</b> (weighs ~20g) was banded at the site over 10 years ago and a <b>Striated Thornbill</b> (weighs ~7g) was banded nearly 14 years ago!! This goes to show the importance of banding in furthering our understanding of these birds in terms of how long they live and where they spend their time. </div>
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiglivDlGCDRRfI9MtywJC2ahLs9o3OIv-eGXDIGENmPwrXkrD_asTjMbk1lEEwLlBIFMBfEgsq38BN4Kg0VrQw1I6NWOlI0kABuGgbGV1Us-Iz6MuSqZjcJ5NIHG3WCImHJh7FXn2x2fj7/s1600/20190824_222420.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1600" data-original-width="1200" height="320" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiglivDlGCDRRfI9MtywJC2ahLs9o3OIv-eGXDIGENmPwrXkrD_asTjMbk1lEEwLlBIFMBfEgsq38BN4Kg0VrQw1I6NWOlI0kABuGgbGV1Us-Iz6MuSqZjcJ5NIHG3WCImHJh7FXn2x2fj7/s320/20190824_222420.jpg" width="240" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">Double-barred Finch <i>Taeniopygia bichenovii</i></td></tr>
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhUFnUAU_TmeGSw5ytxkXUCsCA91gA3sox5rIRyPwEuBFUqJiGy3Yi157Bumk9In1LCyX6gqvcwilhWd_30yGOrXv_kpHh46l_w1sdivYphyphenhyphenolYoGzKDEro9wLW9SLLFukzMfr1z61s1x5q/s1600/20190824_222708.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1600" data-original-width="1200" height="320" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhUFnUAU_TmeGSw5ytxkXUCsCA91gA3sox5rIRyPwEuBFUqJiGy3Yi157Bumk9In1LCyX6gqvcwilhWd_30yGOrXv_kpHh46l_w1sdivYphyphenhyphenolYoGzKDEro9wLW9SLLFukzMfr1z61s1x5q/s320/20190824_222708.jpg" width="240" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">Yellow-tufted Honeyeater <i>Lichenostomus melanops</i></td></tr>
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</div>
Josie Hewitthttp://www.blogger.com/profile/07680294745952338878noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-9093798942370475328.post-46689309741523138162019-08-20T14:00:00.000+01:002019-08-31T06:03:23.211+01:00My first pelagic!<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on">
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<u><b>Sydney Pelagic ~ 17th August 2019 ~</b></u><br />
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Well, it seems to have been an absolute age since I last updated my blog, for which I apologise - as usual, life got in the way! As some of you already know, I've been in Australia for the last 1.5 months & will be here for a further 10 months as I undertake an exchange year through my undergrad degree. As a (very) brief summary of the last month and a bit: I've attended a conference in Darwin & spent 10 days birding in the Northern Territory (mainly Kakadu & Litchfield NP - blog to come at some point), visited relatives on the Gold Coast, started Uni in Newcastle, gone on a whale-watching trip, bought a car, attended a Natural History Illustration Camp, experienced the Newy nightlife & visited some of Australia's stunning beaches.</div>
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhbq5rn2q6BJpGWOF8FiUrxwuWFVjnkBCGVRFWvIrTVFRpCR152CyqkRoNMKWdHEMcXLatd9k0VNZof-K7QBA3qq-uCqSIYCHOCorBLfdms4YPQV0VuvPq4bsWPqH7NL4bUVyJ8okT96b95/s1600/20190718_153900-side.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="771" data-original-width="1600" height="308" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhbq5rn2q6BJpGWOF8FiUrxwuWFVjnkBCGVRFWvIrTVFRpCR152CyqkRoNMKWdHEMcXLatd9k0VNZof-K7QBA3qq-uCqSIYCHOCorBLfdms4YPQV0VuvPq4bsWPqH7NL4bUVyJ8okT96b95/s640/20190718_153900-side.jpg" width="640" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">Left: Burleigh Heads beach, QLD & Right: Rock pool at Merewether Rock Platform, NSW</td></tr>
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That nicely brings us to this past weekend, when I drove down to Sydney on Friday evening (10/10 would not recommend!) before staying at the Bondi Beachouse YHA. Unfortunately I arrived after it got dark and so I didn't really fancy walking to the beach. Luckily there was a Thai restaurant nearby so that satiated my hunger & I got an early night. On Saturday morning I woke up before my 6am alarm, full of excitement for what lay ahead. I remembered to take my travel sickness tablet at 6.30am and then checked out of the YHA and drove to Rose Bay Wharf where the boat picked us up at 7am.<br />
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEidLEijhRNTZw54mXO3PspR3xRaBDtr5_uZ7pnDBCAHD8ZZjshQfg_6vn9oCbiPcUeOuYXHIqivcChAB1eAmFyz-zZnKBhR_OWS5yjWr8PUaPQ6PM65nnnFfeZKvHd-2sPF9nB-RsClG89O/s1600/IMG_6422+edited+in+LR6+with+white+watermark.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="978" data-original-width="1600" height="243" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEidLEijhRNTZw54mXO3PspR3xRaBDtr5_uZ7pnDBCAHD8ZZjshQfg_6vn9oCbiPcUeOuYXHIqivcChAB1eAmFyz-zZnKBhR_OWS5yjWr8PUaPQ6PM65nnnFfeZKvHd-2sPF9nB-RsClG89O/s400/IMG_6422+edited+in+LR6+with+white+watermark.jpg" width="400" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">Great views of Sydney Opera House and Sydney Harbour Bridge as we headed out to sea</td></tr>
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For the next 3 hours we made our way out to sea, and it didn't take long for the birds to be attracted to the smell of chum. As we made our way out of Sydney Harbour, <b>Silver Gulls</b> <i>Larus novaehollandiae</i> and <b>Great Crested Terns</b> <i>Thalasseus bergii</i> loitered around the boat, hopeful of some fishy matter being tossed their way. Before too long, the first 'proper' seabirds put in an appearance. First up was a <b>Wedge-tailed Shearwater</b> <i>Ardenna pacifica</i>, swiftly followed by a <b>Black-browed Albatross</b> <i>Thalassarche melanophris</i> and <b>Brown Skua</b> <i>Catharacta antarctica</i>.</div>
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhyViOVkmLNe6-hxq7SOxvy8iGcdcBRcfG1M1fjjchnxn271eEF9kangq-aLg40VBsiaFURv2uezUAQA2KVPcxGtcz6bUwcYmsaUUxseWyIOb6k4CjfWv38-gzzU9GoUKSAM7NS7-OwiEzb/s1600/IMG_6431+edited+in+LR6+with+white+watermark.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1067" data-original-width="1600" height="266" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhyViOVkmLNe6-hxq7SOxvy8iGcdcBRcfG1M1fjjchnxn271eEF9kangq-aLg40VBsiaFURv2uezUAQA2KVPcxGtcz6bUwcYmsaUUxseWyIOb6k4CjfWv38-gzzU9GoUKSAM7NS7-OwiEzb/s400/IMG_6431+edited+in+LR6+with+white+watermark.jpg" width="400" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">Wedge-tailed Shearwater <i>Ardenna pacifica</i></td></tr>
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEixQwJxs-ee2qrgmP9lvy0kHer26nZ-EKeZIQMgVMa-Gl4qtq4vI9IN8nQPMKMNHaAZ8XssZrB4RPMnNSema4Eus0S6q7YU7HDPKl0D7NLyY4lOR75dpIPCeL8xbstj7RRcMHddp_rod2Sc/s1600/IMG_6611+edited+in+LR6+with+white+watermark.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1067" data-original-width="1600" height="266" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEixQwJxs-ee2qrgmP9lvy0kHer26nZ-EKeZIQMgVMa-Gl4qtq4vI9IN8nQPMKMNHaAZ8XssZrB4RPMnNSema4Eus0S6q7YU7HDPKl0D7NLyY4lOR75dpIPCeL8xbstj7RRcMHddp_rod2Sc/s400/IMG_6611+edited+in+LR6+with+white+watermark.jpg" width="400" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">Black-browed Albatross <i>Thalassarche melanophris</i></td></tr>
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEj2VOBPTaJrEclUFZ0WIeEk8gy_6a58F18v0BawllEdIZ7CBG8BZ6abkKZ3Y_171FcvqM8tp4FiDxP_kIjdXWnJqLAsSMPy56Hh4tTa_F2iIZ_ApUT4RzKaL9x-nKtJfxH5v3uqDWOYTmPL/s1600/IMG_6582+edited+in+LR6+with+white+watermark.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1097" data-original-width="1600" height="273" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEj2VOBPTaJrEclUFZ0WIeEk8gy_6a58F18v0BawllEdIZ7CBG8BZ6abkKZ3Y_171FcvqM8tp4FiDxP_kIjdXWnJqLAsSMPy56Hh4tTa_F2iIZ_ApUT4RzKaL9x-nKtJfxH5v3uqDWOYTmPL/s400/IMG_6582+edited+in+LR6+with+white+watermark.jpg" width="400" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">Brown Skua <i>Stercorarius antarcticus</i></td></tr>
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As we got further out, the gulls and terns stopped pursuing us, but the albatrosses and skuas continued to follow and increase in number. A bit further out, a <b style="text-align: justify;">White-capped (Shy) Albatross</b><span style="text-align: justify;"> </span><i style="text-align: justify;">Thalassarche steadi</i><span style="text-align: justify;"> joined the throng of birds following the boat's wake in a fierce battle to get the fish scraps being thrown out. We also bumped into a few </span><b style="text-align: justify;">Humpback Whales</b><span style="text-align: justify;"> </span><i style="text-align: justify;">Megaptera novaeangliae</i><span style="text-align: justify;"> which put on a fantastic display for us and stayed pretty close to the boat for about 15 minutes!</span><br />
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEj92kXs9iryh0jCWX1xOj7i2JokquqmiR7ddZjUcipPw2HTqDfzGhvfdjx4PuT1VRi6uwEk245jR5bz7o-1JVevyJAP1UhvqlOX7qYqMTnO9_mTW3FA-2zxRUH5ehixIEWix6qNEFJzsiCk/s1600/IMG_6644+edited+in+LR6+with+white+watermark.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1600" data-original-width="1029" height="400" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEj92kXs9iryh0jCWX1xOj7i2JokquqmiR7ddZjUcipPw2HTqDfzGhvfdjx4PuT1VRi6uwEk245jR5bz7o-1JVevyJAP1UhvqlOX7qYqMTnO9_mTW3FA-2zxRUH5ehixIEWix6qNEFJzsiCk/s400/IMG_6644+edited+in+LR6+with+white+watermark.jpg" width="256" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">White-capped (Shy) Albatross <i>Thalassarche steadi</i></td></tr>
</tbody></table>
<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgce0tJh1Indbwx28reOZDey-iziNYQmoHBzRWmwRFHAs8zG1gf80pk4isk_YjVzaXkNAYSf5AHwxuFFitn4U_-d7xHTzzaX5_Tp3Fxk6sIXSjXDvUY43p9W8_p806Z6-nzocIQb85T174i/s1600/IMG_6638+edited+in+LR6+with+white+watermark.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1067" data-original-width="1600" height="266" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgce0tJh1Indbwx28reOZDey-iziNYQmoHBzRWmwRFHAs8zG1gf80pk4isk_YjVzaXkNAYSf5AHwxuFFitn4U_-d7xHTzzaX5_Tp3Fxk6sIXSjXDvUY43p9W8_p806Z6-nzocIQb85T174i/s400/IMG_6638+edited+in+LR6+with+white+watermark.jpg" width="400" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">White-capped (Shy) Albatross <i>Thalassarche steadi</i></td></tr>
</tbody></table>
<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhR2oy8CEtI6X5MxU9dzS99KZajXo0a-NIWipxUXyHVapfQCmTBKo7HUPpBENYtmgRNsns6Cv8lh7yUhlYi1YmOn_1AareXigT6GnB4GC5FhvltUCIQi6yHLKgFj2hghkjvsHrelGcrlaX8/s1600/IMG_6703+edited+in+LR6+with+white+watermark.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="998" data-original-width="1600" height="248" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhR2oy8CEtI6X5MxU9dzS99KZajXo0a-NIWipxUXyHVapfQCmTBKo7HUPpBENYtmgRNsns6Cv8lh7yUhlYi1YmOn_1AareXigT6GnB4GC5FhvltUCIQi6yHLKgFj2hghkjvsHrelGcrlaX8/s400/IMG_6703+edited+in+LR6+with+white+watermark.jpg" width="400" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">Humpback Whale <i>Megaptera novaeangliae</i></td></tr>
</tbody></table>
<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEh-JUPvaamgq9jVqfJ7xjJ8ziOn_k3wDbU4QeENVx4k-AG2wK25442qGQGBDkPqpNLvPIqzRALsqek-SRIntG1RtPNtIIeo68waIE1taejIMazMdm4Y6N5VrafEU6Rwe4BkZulNBevg2amE/s1600/IMG_6725+edited+in+LR6+with+white+watermark.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1067" data-original-width="1600" height="266" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEh-JUPvaamgq9jVqfJ7xjJ8ziOn_k3wDbU4QeENVx4k-AG2wK25442qGQGBDkPqpNLvPIqzRALsqek-SRIntG1RtPNtIIeo68waIE1taejIMazMdm4Y6N5VrafEU6Rwe4BkZulNBevg2amE/s400/IMG_6725+edited+in+LR6+with+white+watermark.jpg" width="400" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">Humpback Whale <i>Megaptera novaeangliae</i></td></tr>
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Once we got out to sea, the boat stopped and put out the slick. Over the time that we were stopped, we were treated to views of <b>Fairy Prion</b> <i>Pachyptila turtur</i>, <b>White-faced Storm-petrel</b> <i>Pelagodroma marina</i> and <b>Providence Petrel</b> <i>Pterodroma solandri </i>in addition to the constant presence of <b>Brown Skuas</b> and four species of Albatross (<b>Black-browed</b>, <b>White-capped</b>, <b>Indian Yellow-nosed</b> <i>Thalassarche chlororhynchos</i> and <b>Campbell's </b><i>Thalassarche impavida</i>).<br />
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjIFb2kaWn61PvzK8gicEUxa90T02yy3kw9ELOCTAwfZmtGB4Z80sP3KWm6K8MYsaLHyv6My7yuKgi5_O30H75XIA7wKxpqy042uf6VSlO1-Y8kULGBKdYaqWhfQEyFIbw9jOnP2dJeA72O/s1600/IMG_7032+edited+in+LR6+with+white+watermark.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1068" data-original-width="1600" height="266" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjIFb2kaWn61PvzK8gicEUxa90T02yy3kw9ELOCTAwfZmtGB4Z80sP3KWm6K8MYsaLHyv6My7yuKgi5_O30H75XIA7wKxpqy042uf6VSlO1-Y8kULGBKdYaqWhfQEyFIbw9jOnP2dJeA72O/s400/IMG_7032+edited+in+LR6+with+white+watermark.jpg" width="400" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">Fairy Prion <i>Pachyptila turtur</i></td></tr>
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<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a bp.blogspot.com="" edited="" g="" href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=9093798942370475328" https:="" imageanchor="1" in="" jnpwoco_ygjvfttczjw7dr4qx0hsyktwcewybhgl="" mres_wpzu="" n0y7bhrki="" s1600="" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;" watermark.jpg="" white="" with=""><img border="0" data-original-height="1066" data-original-width="1600" height="266" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjaE-ctMyzaS73Z0HSNlPd2oNZ-EExB5vJ9Qkc3o-QhBESM4UPCnXUChJSojhdxtr2RFi1TII-AVqsaD7_t34MjifbN81OfFDhCmu5643ClEhyEvKPD61QYEHWERbsKeQPj_p-EXXVXyRdX/s400/IMG_6957+edited+in+LR6+with+white+watermark.jpg" width="400" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">Providence Petrel <i>Pterodroma solandri</i></td></tr>
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<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgisHs27MYqviqRMy-rXYytE_CG0bBkX7yC42GrcHedr4G4rArBv5HokLT0YOnHC_3710FwASsJVWC66cUDwaZzzyGMUyXwSfjsM7CaUzpga9AYvGSeMtLrN6xQ1jEM7YurZx6FcJ3ng8_b/s1600/IMG_6848+edited+in+LR6+with+white+watermark.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1067" data-original-width="1600" height="266" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgisHs27MYqviqRMy-rXYytE_CG0bBkX7yC42GrcHedr4G4rArBv5HokLT0YOnHC_3710FwASsJVWC66cUDwaZzzyGMUyXwSfjsM7CaUzpga9AYvGSeMtLrN6xQ1jEM7YurZx6FcJ3ng8_b/s400/IMG_6848+edited+in+LR6+with+white+watermark.jpg" width="400" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">Brown Skua <i>Stercorarius antarcticus</i></td></tr>
</tbody></table>
<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgVVa1R5LLgD7Z4kf1cc4l_TixVSJ9t6LATXRKnyhIT589LzQ4BaEcHTxHgslOSET2sAEWDuhdYvryXYjOUWWUN8ZHFbeprDjYfMahcDJbboIJ4sb8RPY7ohYWx7ZbyT1CtzE-tvnDH-0nR/s1600/IMG_6800+edited+in+LR6+with+white+watermark.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1075" data-original-width="1600" height="268" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgVVa1R5LLgD7Z4kf1cc4l_TixVSJ9t6LATXRKnyhIT589LzQ4BaEcHTxHgslOSET2sAEWDuhdYvryXYjOUWWUN8ZHFbeprDjYfMahcDJbboIJ4sb8RPY7ohYWx7ZbyT1CtzE-tvnDH-0nR/s400/IMG_6800+edited+in+LR6+with+white+watermark.jpg" width="400" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">Black-browed Albatross <i>Thalassarche melanophris<i></i></i></td></tr>
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<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEh5H9PnzGXqpvaCPLLgn-hCQUjvR_jdDq9-mVLRc0AgQ4JhGWYFmKaE6yoylHa_uKw5adlBFcyxCRv1oC7fpi-Pt-pgBLK0cLNs1U2GBlYtpbWWNxDI-Xq3gYObClJ-2dBTnhepawsi9or7/s1600/IMG_7020+edited+in+LR6+with+white+watermark.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1067" data-original-width="1600" height="266" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEh5H9PnzGXqpvaCPLLgn-hCQUjvR_jdDq9-mVLRc0AgQ4JhGWYFmKaE6yoylHa_uKw5adlBFcyxCRv1oC7fpi-Pt-pgBLK0cLNs1U2GBlYtpbWWNxDI-Xq3gYObClJ-2dBTnhepawsi9or7/s400/IMG_7020+edited+in+LR6+with+white+watermark.jpg" width="400" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">Black-browed Albatross <i>Thalasarche melanophris</i></td></tr>
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<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEj7EoMnSS2alueP80oEnePzQ8QHHT75x6LTkEczPo41kWKEXLMv2jYayX_V1y2iCAmdHDlD5zWIU63kC9K6G9-2noJKfpzxAmt6mFUqMcTkEicbr3wpvoNmidzWKcYeNu6CeAzCTiRLHsu_/s1600/IMG_7015+edited+in+LR6+with+white+watermark.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1083" data-original-width="1600" height="270" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEj7EoMnSS2alueP80oEnePzQ8QHHT75x6LTkEczPo41kWKEXLMv2jYayX_V1y2iCAmdHDlD5zWIU63kC9K6G9-2noJKfpzxAmt6mFUqMcTkEicbr3wpvoNmidzWKcYeNu6CeAzCTiRLHsu_/s400/IMG_7015+edited+in+LR6+with+white+watermark.jpg" width="400" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">Indian Yellow-nosed Albatross <i>Thalassarche chlororhynchos</i></td></tr>
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiw_dJs01qr6ulY_-ZUQ4cMh5n3CAcyVwJCICitniZG3MO9Y67A0fMMn-Kcyq3_hK89wHRhNUvixlZiKkU1olZ7ktnAJXZYE9-TwQTekwRhqyyFidcJ8JBeMXIfTezByMnv5iDFsbHi6WKo/s1600/IMG_7093+edited+in+LR6+with+white+watermark.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1600" data-original-width="1376" height="400" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiw_dJs01qr6ulY_-ZUQ4cMh5n3CAcyVwJCICitniZG3MO9Y67A0fMMn-Kcyq3_hK89wHRhNUvixlZiKkU1olZ7ktnAJXZYE9-TwQTekwRhqyyFidcJ8JBeMXIfTezByMnv5iDFsbHi6WKo/s400/IMG_7093+edited+in+LR6+with+white+watermark.jpg" width="343" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">Campbell's Albatross <i>Thalassarche impavida</i></td></tr>
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<span style="text-align: justify;">On our way back, we came across a large feeding flock of </span><b style="text-align: justify;">Wedge-tailed</b><span style="text-align: justify;"> and </span><b style="text-align: justify;">Hutton's/Fluttering Shearwaters</b><span style="text-align: justify;">, though they were pretty distant and by this point I was feeling a little worse for wear so I didn't manage any photos. In all, we spent around 9 hours at sea, saw 14 species and I realised that albatrosses are even bigger than I imagined them to be!! It's safe to say that the experience left me buzzing for days afterwards and I can't wait for my next pelagic!</span></div>
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEi9OLc9gOp6TxcJ1EgIFL65BvI2U8QyNR1z0SvQan9V195_CkalZ0ualJCdzN3PVW1Hn1fAqO5g4kT3_K9Wax7ySbcLyUYbUuH2HeyBfw4mXYTHTFg8k9o3q7GIZQve-aqPPugCUxb0sB4g/s1600/IMG_6517+edited+in+LR6+with+white+watermark.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1067" data-original-width="1600" height="266" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEi9OLc9gOp6TxcJ1EgIFL65BvI2U8QyNR1z0SvQan9V195_CkalZ0ualJCdzN3PVW1Hn1fAqO5g4kT3_K9Wax7ySbcLyUYbUuH2HeyBfw4mXYTHTFg8k9o3q7GIZQve-aqPPugCUxb0sB4g/s400/IMG_6517+edited+in+LR6+with+white+watermark.jpg" width="400" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: 12.8px;">Wedge-tailed Shearwater </span><i style="font-size: 12.8px;">Ardenna pacifica</i></td></tr>
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Josie Hewitthttp://www.blogger.com/profile/07680294745952338878noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-9093798942370475328.post-30938715314964365312019-02-05T21:00:00.000+00:002019-02-05T21:00:06.894+00:00The Gambia: Part 2<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on">
<u><b>The Gambia ~ 17th-28th December 2018 ~ </b></u><br />
<u><b>Part 2: 22nd-25th</b></u><br />
<u><b><br /></b></u>Continuing on from <a href="https://blog.josiehewittphotography.co.uk/2019/01/the-gambia-part-1.html" target="_blank"><b><span style="color: magenta;">Part 1</span></b></a>, here is the second part of my trip to The Gambia.<br />
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<u>Day 6 (22nd): Rainbow to Janjanbureh</u><br />
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After meeting him at Birdfair, my dad had booked a 4 day (3 night) birding trip inland with Yaya Barry from <a href="http://kingbirders.com/" target="_blank">Kingbirders</a>. We were picked up at 0800 and spent virtually all day on the road, stopping for some birding at various points and a bit of a wait for the ferry at Soma to get to the North Bank. Yaya is a remarkable birder and was picking birds up left, right and centre, even while driving! We ended on 67 species for the day, many of which were new for the trip. My highlights were <b><span style="color: #d5a6bd;">White-throated Bee-eater</span></b>, <b><span style="color: #d5a6bd;">Grasshopper Buzzard</span></b>, <b><span style="color: #d5a6bd;">White-backed Vulture</span></b>, <b><span style="color: #d5a6bd;">Temminck's Courser</span></b>, <b><span style="color: #d5a6bd;">Namaqua Dove</span></b>, <b><span style="color: #d5a6bd;">Cut-throat Finch</span></b>, <b><span style="color: #d5a6bd;">Northern Anteater-chat</span></b>, <b><span style="color: #d5a6bd;">Exclamatory Paradise Whydah</span></b>, <b><span style="color: #d5a6bd;">Savile's Bustard</span></b> and of course <b><span style="color: #d5a6bd;">Egyptian Plover</span></b> (of which we saw four individuals)!<br />
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiVqG8vsDwBO6IGXSp4LP-6xmm2TfJh6-SEfXjC76xYU1bgwWLYHUa-Eo6Yyxxy2oi6rsWeKGtJFW_QOtdZy8P0X6FJ2q74EO53QosrMPrNmFM0q7JLOOZtWUqtDa928ke-7ZKYFF_IJDcV/s1600/IMG_6230+edited+in+LR6+with+white+watermark.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1121" data-original-width="1600" height="224" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiVqG8vsDwBO6IGXSp4LP-6xmm2TfJh6-SEfXjC76xYU1bgwWLYHUa-Eo6Yyxxy2oi6rsWeKGtJFW_QOtdZy8P0X6FJ2q74EO53QosrMPrNmFM0q7JLOOZtWUqtDa928ke-7ZKYFF_IJDcV/s320/IMG_6230+edited+in+LR6+with+white+watermark.jpg" width="320" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">Grasshopper Buzzard <i>Butastur rufipennis</i></td></tr>
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<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEixLI8pNBGYRqq9yc7vKCJb1rLO0g5t2ZzzggVu_ke8XymxPILjy-yVbVjmBYpKlCmXMY2S4w6_dUMsom-sVcUEreE81h4JpLMlMkEZlBPyrfEpktRVq9PpQZRUnGQO5iKtcCyv46vg3Qad/s1600/IMG_6304+edited+in+LR6+with+white+watermark.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1108" data-original-width="1600" height="221" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEixLI8pNBGYRqq9yc7vKCJb1rLO0g5t2ZzzggVu_ke8XymxPILjy-yVbVjmBYpKlCmXMY2S4w6_dUMsom-sVcUEreE81h4JpLMlMkEZlBPyrfEpktRVq9PpQZRUnGQO5iKtcCyv46vg3Qad/s320/IMG_6304+edited+in+LR6+with+white+watermark.jpg" width="320" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">Temminck's Courser <i>Cursorius temminckii</i></td></tr>
</tbody></table>
<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEigX731j-ViumQO0F6lr0p371M9_BIwVNjRkpL7kjank8dOSYT-5ru1ud64_ETaKJYFJufmbeSEInbgbZ2BXhtEDHPvZjCl-DEIdUqNKEs_TdNhgu3y-kqXSNU_ULEt7LFkKz41A1jR84XW/s1600/IMG_6330+edited+in+LR6+with+white+watermark.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1118" data-original-width="1600" height="223" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEigX731j-ViumQO0F6lr0p371M9_BIwVNjRkpL7kjank8dOSYT-5ru1ud64_ETaKJYFJufmbeSEInbgbZ2BXhtEDHPvZjCl-DEIdUqNKEs_TdNhgu3y-kqXSNU_ULEt7LFkKz41A1jR84XW/s320/IMG_6330+edited+in+LR6+with+white+watermark.jpg" width="320" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">Cut-throat Finch <i>Amadina fasciata</i></td></tr>
</tbody></table>
<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEj2mn_0dBKYeDxUOikBWyOrj1uSZCDqwtnp9CrtQ4Y4WBXGCAXYiS9nQ5W7mWPnWzeoQCgt0RP6HdbKrYTJpYCJSzgNhswLzAnWfC4gVQh1_U8KN0zRjAnZBLO3QHH2dhA3aYIp1TsGPK1A/s1600/IMG_6351+edited+in+LR6+with+black+watermark.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1600" data-original-width="1251" height="320" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEj2mn_0dBKYeDxUOikBWyOrj1uSZCDqwtnp9CrtQ4Y4WBXGCAXYiS9nQ5W7mWPnWzeoQCgt0RP6HdbKrYTJpYCJSzgNhswLzAnWfC4gVQh1_U8KN0zRjAnZBLO3QHH2dhA3aYIp1TsGPK1A/s320/IMG_6351+edited+in+LR6+with+black+watermark.jpg" width="250" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">Northern Anteater-chat <i>Myrmecocichla aethiops</i></td></tr>
</tbody></table>
<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEi09rbF4ycrhpa8z2I8hea_M9VWdvQi4tFd13XEEGvR6Hd-gtRvTw3bEPv7Yd2GTD8OCPFda48UClLRcKNqYQh2ajOZVc6mfMstt14zfh3xmiVdiLFwpEUzWquRskV6LnDiLpz7SJHKNJvH/s1600/IMG_6443+edited+in+LR6+with+white+watermark.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1072" data-original-width="1600" height="214" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEi09rbF4ycrhpa8z2I8hea_M9VWdvQi4tFd13XEEGvR6Hd-gtRvTw3bEPv7Yd2GTD8OCPFda48UClLRcKNqYQh2ajOZVc6mfMstt14zfh3xmiVdiLFwpEUzWquRskV6LnDiLpz7SJHKNJvH/s320/IMG_6443+edited+in+LR6+with+white+watermark.jpg" width="320" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">Egyptian Plover <i>Pluvianus aegyptius</i></td></tr>
</tbody></table>
<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgTVBQAHUvyMfhrFUg05KAvK_lhTGB2C6TpMnSBl4-ozoRqm5NATKaLLs8Qo71Kk1DS3i51mVDc_EtSdEJoL-hmPW5E81KPDnd4D8obsDWFVtC7Equm3gL8PHr4-oDhFJJTiAibqLljch1K/s1600/IMG_6466+edited+in+LR6+with+white+watermark.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1600" data-original-width="1198" height="320" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgTVBQAHUvyMfhrFUg05KAvK_lhTGB2C6TpMnSBl4-ozoRqm5NATKaLLs8Qo71Kk1DS3i51mVDc_EtSdEJoL-hmPW5E81KPDnd4D8obsDWFVtC7Equm3gL8PHr4-oDhFJJTiAibqLljch1K/s320/IMG_6466+edited+in+LR6+with+white+watermark.jpg" width="239" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">Egyptian Plover <i>Pluvianus aegyptius</i></td></tr>
</tbody></table>
<br />
<u>Day 7 (23rd): Bao Baolong boat trip & birding around Janjanbureh</u><br />
<br />
Our first boat trip started at 8.00 from the Baobab restaurant and started off pretty steadily, with some nice species to get us going: <b><span style="color: #d5a6bd;">Bearded Barbet</span></b>, <b><span style="color: #d5a6bd;">Western Banded Snake Eagle</span></b>, <b><span style="color: #d5a6bd;">Grey-headed Kingfisher</span></b> and <b><span style="color: #d5a6bd;">Hadada Ibis</span></b>.<br />
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<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEj9Pq0BzO57uwDOfsSGLAHJoB1-iPy5vzqim6EW4TfAT7mktpn7SJ82rcLApxhV55gD3Qbrys3oSfI3701oQHtptMNZwH3zM05GYdMOJVQOtkDe9_xfp9T-3ZS7Efz3GeqY0Blmac4F3zZt/s1600/IMG_6501+edited+in+LR6+with+white+watermark.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1600" data-original-width="1195" height="320" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEj9Pq0BzO57uwDOfsSGLAHJoB1-iPy5vzqim6EW4TfAT7mktpn7SJ82rcLApxhV55gD3Qbrys3oSfI3701oQHtptMNZwH3zM05GYdMOJVQOtkDe9_xfp9T-3ZS7Efz3GeqY0Blmac4F3zZt/s320/IMG_6501+edited+in+LR6+with+white+watermark.jpg" width="239" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">Western Banded Snake Eagle <i>Circaetus cinerascens</i></td></tr>
</tbody></table>
<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhB8qTGp2KYrlE3CcX5Z-2m4aQGjbSjBrHclCzaxfZvUUPfwpV94MmE4upVprOvWkoYthsD9my73QzoKT6DS6iWILABgpYMjqlDkYt1_1lSbwU1eA5vOBAAfSHjatY2_7rD8Yy8kj9Kzr2S/s1600/IMG_6626+edited+in+LR6+with+white+watermark.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1144" data-original-width="1600" height="228" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhB8qTGp2KYrlE3CcX5Z-2m4aQGjbSjBrHclCzaxfZvUUPfwpV94MmE4upVprOvWkoYthsD9my73QzoKT6DS6iWILABgpYMjqlDkYt1_1lSbwU1eA5vOBAAfSHjatY2_7rD8Yy8kj9Kzr2S/s320/IMG_6626+edited+in+LR6+with+white+watermark.jpg" width="320" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">Grey-headed Kingfisher <i>Halcyon leucocephala</i></td></tr>
</tbody></table>
<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEg1uaB1qgAYbL9ad073sg_CoRS5VtsmMFrAN7Y-smqMtjzbUFajDRtivi_WsQdif7p_mPb74nf9WpK3Nk6IEhJWbXZuxymVEVxhMU-XukLC2hIYe20qjC9-4YlIJhQ-6TFlOivYzXd3p008/s1600/IMG_6638+edited+in+LR6+with+white+watermark.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1600" data-original-width="1258" height="320" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEg1uaB1qgAYbL9ad073sg_CoRS5VtsmMFrAN7Y-smqMtjzbUFajDRtivi_WsQdif7p_mPb74nf9WpK3Nk6IEhJWbXZuxymVEVxhMU-XukLC2hIYe20qjC9-4YlIJhQ-6TFlOivYzXd3p008/s320/IMG_6638+edited+in+LR6+with+white+watermark.jpg" width="251" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">Hadada Ibis <i>Bostrychia hagedash</i></td></tr>
</tbody></table>
Further along the river, we came to a rather unassuming patch of vegetation on the riverbank where a few <b><span style="color: #d5a6bd;">Swamp Flycatchers</span></b> were foraging. Our guide then spotted a female <span style="color: #d5a6bd;"><b>Northern Puffback</b></span> in the undergrowth, which perched out in the open very briefly. This was quickly followed by a <b><span style="color: #d5a6bd;">Yellow-throated Leaflove</span></b> and a very showy <b><span style="color: #d5a6bd;">Oriole Warbler</span></b> - one of my main targets for the entire trip! I would have been quite happy to turn around and head home right then, but we still had another hour and a half left!!<br />
<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEi3z27hqdWseEkLh_-KW-soH6sj3IPwuozUKlmtCTENaJX4P_fFcKMb9ZfsARQRXW1KJtVY1n87HBQNfeNNQmhyjVKb2YzcjaN3BqgwZsQGimnTWEHElubXLuLMbHyJoOXHtktmCjXg-_OR/s1600/IMG_6659+edited+in+LR6+with+white+watermark.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1161" data-original-width="1600" height="232" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEi3z27hqdWseEkLh_-KW-soH6sj3IPwuozUKlmtCTENaJX4P_fFcKMb9ZfsARQRXW1KJtVY1n87HBQNfeNNQmhyjVKb2YzcjaN3BqgwZsQGimnTWEHElubXLuLMbHyJoOXHtktmCjXg-_OR/s320/IMG_6659+edited+in+LR6+with+white+watermark.jpg" width="320" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">Swamp Flycatcher <i>Muscicapa aquatica</i></td></tr>
</tbody></table>
<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgMu2XldEcFXdo64nQwvQwcK2G6tKvKyTb0-vwfElfRWjSB_1ySUYZSPdSDoHAtawnAvcc0-smTPQLCvdOC4arXtf8qpNWdPY_bnVAvYVRzSN66h2wthjMYQUYFHXuiTGCVgo2bKfVX1kIs/s1600/IMG_6654+edited+in+LR6+with+white+watermark.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1054" data-original-width="1461" height="230" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgMu2XldEcFXdo64nQwvQwcK2G6tKvKyTb0-vwfElfRWjSB_1ySUYZSPdSDoHAtawnAvcc0-smTPQLCvdOC4arXtf8qpNWdPY_bnVAvYVRzSN66h2wthjMYQUYFHXuiTGCVgo2bKfVX1kIs/s320/IMG_6654+edited+in+LR6+with+white+watermark.jpg" width="320" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">Female Northern Puffback <i>Dryoscopus gambensis</i></td></tr>
</tbody></table>
<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgKZoabaDepICG7X2hbbmqJieF4vmfp6YYDhTppM4sZi_0iuVYA1O0JdTvGrxj1eK3vE0NlH50g8K1rK-euuXdlcLTSdCIAQ1S7sMB_MDN6eg7irYRm6oNfL_YKAG8sV9Eukamiv8RK7F1O/s1600/IMG_6680+edited+in+LR6+with+white+watermark.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1082" data-original-width="1600" height="216" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgKZoabaDepICG7X2hbbmqJieF4vmfp6YYDhTppM4sZi_0iuVYA1O0JdTvGrxj1eK3vE0NlH50g8K1rK-euuXdlcLTSdCIAQ1S7sMB_MDN6eg7irYRm6oNfL_YKAG8sV9Eukamiv8RK7F1O/s320/IMG_6680+edited+in+LR6+with+white+watermark.jpg" width="320" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">Oriole Warbler <i>Hypergerus atriceps</i></td></tr>
</tbody></table>
One of the other species that I really hoped to see on my trip was <b><span style="color: #d5a6bd;">African Finfoot</span></b>, primarily to annoy my ringing trainer since he's been to The Gambia numerous times and never managed to see one. Finfoots are notoriously secretive and spend most of their time in the dark edges of rivers under cover. With this in mind, I really didn't expect to see one at all, so was ecstatic when our boat driver pointed one out... I didn't think the boat trip could get any better!<br />
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<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgnuxKsVZkdkxDvX9neeawpVbu0a0BhfVQZK87kw9u8pRkU-drxuVxfzlDMqT2ISN8BYPdYwh_Zep5zlGyJdQSXMyPcUcopNgXyIx0c0p7HgnTVYY9dGLmWUiMvNSuXzvfwTl69kg98s72Y/s1600/IMG_6732+edited+in+LR6+with+white+watermark.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1076" data-original-width="1600" height="215" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgnuxKsVZkdkxDvX9neeawpVbu0a0BhfVQZK87kw9u8pRkU-drxuVxfzlDMqT2ISN8BYPdYwh_Zep5zlGyJdQSXMyPcUcopNgXyIx0c0p7HgnTVYY9dGLmWUiMvNSuXzvfwTl69kg98s72Y/s320/IMG_6732+edited+in+LR6+with+white+watermark.jpg" width="320" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">African Finfoot <i>Podica senegalensis</i></td></tr>
</tbody></table>
The rest of the boat trip consisted of loads more cool birds and excellent views of some due to the great skill of our boat driver. Highlights from the rest of the trip were: <span style="color: #d5a6bd;"><b>Palm-nut Vultures</b></span> virtually above our heads, a close <b><span style="color: #d5a6bd;">Woodland Kingfisher</span></b>, <b><span style="color: #d5a6bd;">Long-crested Hawk Eagle</span></b>, <span style="color: #d5a6bd;"><b>Red-throated Bee-eaters</b></span>, very brief views of <b><span style="color: #d5a6bd;">Shining Blue Kingfisher</span></b> and a <b><span style="color: #d5a6bd;">Violet Turaco</span></b>. However that wasn't all... our keen-eyed boat driver had one more surprise in store for us: a second <b><span style="color: #d5a6bd;">African Finfoot</span></b>!! This one was much further away, but swam the width of the river in full view, before disappearing into some dense vegetation... excellent!<br />
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<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEj95FD99Rc29lUmzDbfzhbJKVXApxHvTS7gd1lrcWns5rIJXbChI3KRVFf9ducLFjcJR3MHJiTVUL9FXs1WGFr6KDOv3WQZkFnIjWx4QT6DV7YKUrdwsQmA3wmMGNORUPW3QzO3Jp36qfkm/s1600/IMG_6781+edited+in+LR6+with+white+watermark.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1096" data-original-width="1600" height="219" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEj95FD99Rc29lUmzDbfzhbJKVXApxHvTS7gd1lrcWns5rIJXbChI3KRVFf9ducLFjcJR3MHJiTVUL9FXs1WGFr6KDOv3WQZkFnIjWx4QT6DV7YKUrdwsQmA3wmMGNORUPW3QzO3Jp36qfkm/s320/IMG_6781+edited+in+LR6+with+white+watermark.jpg" width="320" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">Palm-nut Vulture <i>Gypohierax anglolensis</i></td></tr>
</tbody></table>
<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEh9LSRhDYnVsZyXitCmXz9xUwzT0dFNOJNdBpteCN-FW61xx2dsHPOo-FM7K4s81wS-DkL0HMbqxdng9OtX0Ag_yKjd4wVu-Q2e1nuau0fs48op_HMo_2Hm866ZLhsVWOgeHViBAPYnM6Kg/s1600/IMG_6837+edited+in+LR6+with+white+watermark.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1084" data-original-width="1600" height="216" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEh9LSRhDYnVsZyXitCmXz9xUwzT0dFNOJNdBpteCN-FW61xx2dsHPOo-FM7K4s81wS-DkL0HMbqxdng9OtX0Ag_yKjd4wVu-Q2e1nuau0fs48op_HMo_2Hm866ZLhsVWOgeHViBAPYnM6Kg/s320/IMG_6837+edited+in+LR6+with+white+watermark.jpg" width="320" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">Woodland Kingfisher <i>Halcyon senegalensis</i></td></tr>
</tbody></table>
<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhNCbwAhJ10h8k5rd14ivVjXsy0iqBPmZB6pdiffOm2UmiNm23_Pmnt-DWzy3ZDB65nQw6Hza-pvsIhwCRQjtnhwL1XnFfhmomDp4p55K4Z1CmN3Mj9wmc3TCpIXSQLj36kkeeucYTeatmR/s1600/IMG_6911+edited+in+LR6+with+white+watermark.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1368" data-original-width="1600" height="273" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhNCbwAhJ10h8k5rd14ivVjXsy0iqBPmZB6pdiffOm2UmiNm23_Pmnt-DWzy3ZDB65nQw6Hza-pvsIhwCRQjtnhwL1XnFfhmomDp4p55K4Z1CmN3Mj9wmc3TCpIXSQLj36kkeeucYTeatmR/s320/IMG_6911+edited+in+LR6+with+white+watermark.jpg" width="320" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">Red-throated Bee-eaters <i>Merops bulocki</i></td></tr>
</tbody></table>
We got dropped off a little bit before where we had started the boat trip so that we could walk back through some woodland and see some different species. It was well worth it as we saw quite a lot, most of which was new for the trip. Highlights were: <span style="color: #d5a6bd;"><b>Yellow-fronted Tinkerbird</b></span>, <b><span style="color: #d5a6bd;">Western Olivaceous Warbler</span></b>, <b><span style="color: #d5a6bd;">Pin-tailed Whydah</span></b> (non-breeding), <b><span style="color: #d5a6bd;">Black-rumped Waxbill</span></b> and <b><span style="color: #d5a6bd;">Senegal Eremomela</span></b>.<br />
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<div>
After lunch we headed out again, this time just driving around for a few hours, stopping anywhere that looked promising. This method was surprisingly productive, with 29 species seen, including <b><span style="color: #d5a6bd;">Brown-rumped Bunting</span></b>, <b><span style="color: #d5a6bd;">Rufous-crowned Roller</span></b>, a colony of <span style="color: #d5a6bd;"><b>Red-throated Bee-eaters</b></span>, <b><span style="color: #d5a6bd;">Shikra</span></b>, <b><span style="color: #d5a6bd;">Grey-headed Bush-shrike</span></b>, <b><span style="color: #d5a6bd;">Gabar Goshawk</span></b>, <b><span style="color: #d5a6bd;">Bruce's Green Pigeon</span></b>, <span style="color: #d5a6bd;"><b>Four-banded Sandgrouse</b></span> and a brief <b><span style="color: #d5a6bd;">Long-tailed Nightjar</span></b> in the last dregs of light.</div>
<div>
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<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgWV6NriGToWFoj0zc9PIbt5TY4C15VzhDMSG7EIrfc83FYT4YK82YFQs9ZH2NvoO_alp_4XElmMEDKJ6UmVBLLm4zx9rHuYBEmuWA0reNnWq-boTfDpSg1b9goth4qqiiblMuA8l1vAPeI/s1600/IMG_7070+edited+in+LR6+with+white+watermark.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1091" data-original-width="1600" height="218" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgWV6NriGToWFoj0zc9PIbt5TY4C15VzhDMSG7EIrfc83FYT4YK82YFQs9ZH2NvoO_alp_4XElmMEDKJ6UmVBLLm4zx9rHuYBEmuWA0reNnWq-boTfDpSg1b9goth4qqiiblMuA8l1vAPeI/s320/IMG_7070+edited+in+LR6+with+white+watermark.jpg" width="320" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">Grey-headed Bush-shrike <i>Malaconotus blanchoti</i></td></tr>
</tbody></table>
<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgsLsIFmgi6zfNuLpdJBZ_ssSIxYvtqoGMzFfJUFmmhhM7mHYeLRLrfLTblmDktm8uNSSGTHdY55wr62Tdxy-9GQ4yD-RK1gzcdE9USR1hIa-EGB0O5zW5Hb8Av3-fp3EctP-jW3ZuiGRBt/s1600/IMG_7110+edited+in+LR6+with+white+watermark.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1141" data-original-width="1600" height="228" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgsLsIFmgi6zfNuLpdJBZ_ssSIxYvtqoGMzFfJUFmmhhM7mHYeLRLrfLTblmDktm8uNSSGTHdY55wr62Tdxy-9GQ4yD-RK1gzcdE9USR1hIa-EGB0O5zW5Hb8Av3-fp3EctP-jW3ZuiGRBt/s320/IMG_7110+edited+in+LR6+with+white+watermark.jpg" width="320" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">Gabar Goshawk <i>Micronisus gabar</i></td></tr>
</tbody></table>
<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEg-QJ94tZ_mCCHddL-jYDjBjbRIfIxGzrsLz-zgm8IfPq2-eh5dDME1NUo1h_N0Rl5L1VpNBI0N-cza0U9c4k9BrzhT6-YKD9F9fm_AieDkUiA30IKx2MbVIwsZXURpFVu5Huo8kGJvHTXl/s1600/IMG_7127+edited+in+LR6+with+black+watermark.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1122" data-original-width="1600" height="224" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEg-QJ94tZ_mCCHddL-jYDjBjbRIfIxGzrsLz-zgm8IfPq2-eh5dDME1NUo1h_N0Rl5L1VpNBI0N-cza0U9c4k9BrzhT6-YKD9F9fm_AieDkUiA30IKx2MbVIwsZXURpFVu5Huo8kGJvHTXl/s320/IMG_7127+edited+in+LR6+with+black+watermark.jpg" width="320" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">Bruce's Green Pigeon <i>Treron waalia</i></td></tr>
</tbody></table>
<div>
<u>Day 8 (24th) Janjanbereh to Tendaba and Tendaba area</u><br />
<br />
We started the journey to Tendaba at 0800 and kicked the day off with <span style="color: #d5a6bd;"><b>Verreaux's Eagle Owl</b></span> - a massive owl with pink eyelids! The next few birds were all new for the trip too - <span style="color: #d5a6bd;"><b>Bush Petronia</b></span>, <b><span style="color: #d5a6bd;">Vieillot's Barbet</span></b> and <b><span style="color: #d5a6bd;">Striped Kingfisher</span></b>, the latter being a personal favourite for no particular reason. We stopped few times on the way to Tendaba and saw a few more cool birds: <b><span style="color: #d5a6bd;">African Pygmy Goose</span></b>, <b><span style="color: #d5a6bd;">Little Green Bee-eater</span></b>, <b><span style="color: #d5a6bd;">Rufous-crowned Roller</span></b>, <b><span style="color: #d5a6bd;">Dark Chanting Goshawk</span></b>, <b style="color: #d5a6bd;">White-backed Vulture</b>,<b style="color: #d5a6bd;"> Brown Snake Eagle</b> and my dad's only target for the whole trip besides Egyptian Plover: <b><span style="color: #d5a6bd;">White-crested Helmetshrike</span></b>. The undoubted highlight of the journey was non-avian and came in the form of a troop of Baboons crossing the road!<br />
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<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEi7Xkiw9RNS3GTLY8PMhFlGuzsMmdjiFOlE9nYb1ThFc_mbPa38OVGU-9LiVsNcUVQiRnZ-8UzTmBMRJg0Vh8t0BnNzC7TQgSiEKEmqXirNRTGmF-l_MdN3vaxq3bX9Rf2dS1v-32uRC1-o/s1600/IMG_7177+edited+in+LR6+with+white+watermark.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1121" data-original-width="1600" height="224" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEi7Xkiw9RNS3GTLY8PMhFlGuzsMmdjiFOlE9nYb1ThFc_mbPa38OVGU-9LiVsNcUVQiRnZ-8UzTmBMRJg0Vh8t0BnNzC7TQgSiEKEmqXirNRTGmF-l_MdN3vaxq3bX9Rf2dS1v-32uRC1-o/s320/IMG_7177+edited+in+LR6+with+white+watermark.jpg" width="320" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">Verreaux's Eagle Owl <i>Bubo lacteus</i></td></tr>
</tbody></table>
<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjNCyTkoCSQpBaWF1Tka_WgGVah9bjv6vxZaQU2zTq-lkEP0UsVZHSFBY-w9nlow_fl002U2GHnWUeb4s-HkTXte22RqKwv1uF1Hcg9j-t4bA109UgCrsLH1JIufMudeq37pfdYisWTxWWu/s1600/IMG_7208+edited+in+LR6+with+white+watermark.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1538" data-original-width="1166" height="320" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjNCyTkoCSQpBaWF1Tka_WgGVah9bjv6vxZaQU2zTq-lkEP0UsVZHSFBY-w9nlow_fl002U2GHnWUeb4s-HkTXte22RqKwv1uF1Hcg9j-t4bA109UgCrsLH1JIufMudeq37pfdYisWTxWWu/s320/IMG_7208+edited+in+LR6+with+white+watermark.jpg" width="242" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">Striped Kingfisher <i>Halycon chelicuti</i></td></tr>
</tbody></table>
<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjqRwn2DCJPUdHRLgxCAMHrp0XWWaGYkwLG1L6kMkjH-OHFcoflzM3TPby0bYachTeUsP82Hrn9T_GyOZnvDy8qyfmFix71NVqlPHJGcq1bPUWI5yBLl5RPLIh2RxU-SA6jrziYjoyj4gbO/s1600/IMG_7222+edited+in+LR6+with+black+watermark.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1143" data-original-width="1600" height="228" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjqRwn2DCJPUdHRLgxCAMHrp0XWWaGYkwLG1L6kMkjH-OHFcoflzM3TPby0bYachTeUsP82Hrn9T_GyOZnvDy8qyfmFix71NVqlPHJGcq1bPUWI5yBLl5RPLIh2RxU-SA6jrziYjoyj4gbO/s320/IMG_7222+edited+in+LR6+with+black+watermark.jpg" width="320" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">Vieillot's Barbet <i>Lybius vieilloti</i></td></tr>
</tbody></table>
<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEilvBkX83pljMfmP6IyNoBHUQEgeJWeS9s8mmgt5LucZs7nXl93hqgO9pAUrqiA5-cW6VfqLwMznLRpchM1LXR2t8TPEyoNrySe8B1GiOA_zPchfAnrwkPWNQSoXxbFlnNy8MH9rnoXKxua/s1600/IMG_7233+edited+in+LR6+with+white+watermark.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1153" data-original-width="1600" height="230" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEilvBkX83pljMfmP6IyNoBHUQEgeJWeS9s8mmgt5LucZs7nXl93hqgO9pAUrqiA5-cW6VfqLwMznLRpchM1LXR2t8TPEyoNrySe8B1GiOA_zPchfAnrwkPWNQSoXxbFlnNy8MH9rnoXKxua/s320/IMG_7233+edited+in+LR6+with+white+watermark.jpg" width="320" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">Senegal Thick-knee <i>Burhinus senegalensis</i></td></tr>
</tbody></table>
<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiZqZOieGkQ7m8LcvTMkQzio9XrM8UQRXX9Mi15UMFT5R06kEDkl7mYCTEHEFHJ5aoItiBsFLjIAtPlQWR2ut6gk9F3LsZCBDAmm8RZoSH04mvXftRaNywCg13LY-pIOyXKmFckOgZ8G4qg/s1600/IMG_7246+edited+in+LR6+with+white+watermark.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1068" data-original-width="1600" height="213" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiZqZOieGkQ7m8LcvTMkQzio9XrM8UQRXX9Mi15UMFT5R06kEDkl7mYCTEHEFHJ5aoItiBsFLjIAtPlQWR2ut6gk9F3LsZCBDAmm8RZoSH04mvXftRaNywCg13LY-pIOyXKmFckOgZ8G4qg/s320/IMG_7246+edited+in+LR6+with+white+watermark.jpg" width="320" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">African Pygmy-goose <i>Nettapus auritus</i> </td></tr>
</tbody></table>
<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhAWrf4cXV47cJqRQV9UJSq48Ioov4_zC66hRF1rtowwjq4t7izKL7zD7ZFWQoZy8utAjs2PijclFgPUxxzciYaFDpOkvK8CXjxze8vSMg9ONJTcUHYiiSseH17arAZR_M4ODaclP0tB77U/s1600/IMG_7338+edited+in+LR6+with+white+watermark.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1600" data-original-width="1225" height="320" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhAWrf4cXV47cJqRQV9UJSq48Ioov4_zC66hRF1rtowwjq4t7izKL7zD7ZFWQoZy8utAjs2PijclFgPUxxzciYaFDpOkvK8CXjxze8vSMg9ONJTcUHYiiSseH17arAZR_M4ODaclP0tB77U/s320/IMG_7338+edited+in+LR6+with+white+watermark.jpg" width="244" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">Dark Chanting Goshawk <i>Melierax metabates</i></td></tr>
</tbody></table>
<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEh3q5_bQF6rkiv-AJEuLAvAPaCKEbi6jSDCqnq1a6qnbhrjqwohLrC53mBy5YJMODL_RjUV_ymIUAcMK44V9bm6HCJH5icU-CQZCeuFs068wWvm1sEqTNP2Ari4YiWK-QfQAYeh2yWjIRw2/s1600/IMG_7374+edited+in+LR6+with+white+watermark.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1600" data-original-width="1243" height="320" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEh3q5_bQF6rkiv-AJEuLAvAPaCKEbi6jSDCqnq1a6qnbhrjqwohLrC53mBy5YJMODL_RjUV_ymIUAcMK44V9bm6HCJH5icU-CQZCeuFs068wWvm1sEqTNP2Ari4YiWK-QfQAYeh2yWjIRw2/s320/IMG_7374+edited+in+LR6+with+white+watermark.jpg" width="248" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">White-crested Helmetshrike <i>Prionops plumatus</i></td></tr>
</tbody></table>
<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="clear: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjSaUE80gmzipFygC2Mk-GOA82AiScl_obibrtXMgOBiedrPhhh1VziIJ62DrlX8Y4nypg1I-MI1fnMz3aKEZh_RTafYxW_9a4MKAenPCBhdlOrlYaSjgnhdYVr3keG28eZn7bcwF5Su-y7/s1600/IMG_7261+edited+in+LR6+with+white+watermark.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1006" data-original-width="1600" height="201" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjSaUE80gmzipFygC2Mk-GOA82AiScl_obibrtXMgOBiedrPhhh1VziIJ62DrlX8Y4nypg1I-MI1fnMz3aKEZh_RTafYxW_9a4MKAenPCBhdlOrlYaSjgnhdYVr3keG28eZn7bcwF5Su-y7/s320/IMG_7261+edited+in+LR6+with+white+watermark.jpg" width="320" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">Troop of c.30 Guinea Baboons <i>Papio papio</i></td></tr>
</tbody></table>
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">
After lunch and a siesta, we headed out for a walk with OJ, one of the guides at Tendaba. We spent a little while in one of the hides, where <span style="color: #d5a6bd;"><b>Chestnut-crowned Sparrow-weaver</b></span>, <span style="color: #d5a6bd;"><b>Black-rumped Waxbill</b></span>, and <span style="color: #d5a6bd;"><b>Greater Blue-eared Starling</b></span> came in for a drink from a small pool. Carrying on, we saw quite a few male <b><span style="color: #d5a6bd;">Scarlet-chested Sunbirds</span></b> which were spectacular, as well as a <span style="color: #d5a6bd;"><b>Spotted Thick-knee</b></span> and lots of other species that we'd seen before.</div>
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">
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<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">
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<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEglBxKicvPva7vMFuN_3JeKCSasdjvvAxM7QqWSvcV6C22tkN-JopNhq3zUNwh9O5J1WYbpHZlZXUfjEBiu8mfi_mYnsAxJgm7raokjEDGw5C8eTDT0Mzv2F6xVq_FRbFPjSSv5qzhHy8E8/s1600/IMG_7466+edited+in+LR6+with+white+watermark.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1055" data-original-width="1600" height="211" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEglBxKicvPva7vMFuN_3JeKCSasdjvvAxM7QqWSvcV6C22tkN-JopNhq3zUNwh9O5J1WYbpHZlZXUfjEBiu8mfi_mYnsAxJgm7raokjEDGw5C8eTDT0Mzv2F6xVq_FRbFPjSSv5qzhHy8E8/s320/IMG_7466+edited+in+LR6+with+white+watermark.jpg" width="320" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">Chestnut-crowned Sparrow-weaver <i>Plocepasser superciliosus</i></td></tr>
</tbody></table>
<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhC0lD43gSYJ3uO3U2PwardRmthKXsdU1l2OH3SEFpvRJ5P3tj-cjmb0O9P11eAPUecIPg2k4oqTyHQ66YHOuQyHXk-uK68YE4R9vJpIoTuUxNiezwJRFmCFHWenZ6HJz7MbW5-a-uVqks4/s1600/IMG_7476+edited+in+LR6+with+white+watermark.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1600" data-original-width="1142" height="320" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhC0lD43gSYJ3uO3U2PwardRmthKXsdU1l2OH3SEFpvRJ5P3tj-cjmb0O9P11eAPUecIPg2k4oqTyHQ66YHOuQyHXk-uK68YE4R9vJpIoTuUxNiezwJRFmCFHWenZ6HJz7MbW5-a-uVqks4/s320/IMG_7476+edited+in+LR6+with+white+watermark.jpg" width="228" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">Greater Blue-eared Starling <i>Lamprotomis chalybaeus</i></td></tr>
</tbody></table>
<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjzXsCgZqcm1qTAnMos8EICIogKrinhrOD1Q6BNCvCfR4VDr0cyOnNpxLTWE1KW2521g0aS-YGDcjdP7jx_kemoyRzh-lsbKtINUoHk4H5IlPOV-oJbdTp2sBaae_grZCL6CjsfS2GnwMsB/s1600/IMG_7496+edited+in+LR6+with+white+watermark.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1083" data-original-width="1600" height="216" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjzXsCgZqcm1qTAnMos8EICIogKrinhrOD1Q6BNCvCfR4VDr0cyOnNpxLTWE1KW2521g0aS-YGDcjdP7jx_kemoyRzh-lsbKtINUoHk4H5IlPOV-oJbdTp2sBaae_grZCL6CjsfS2GnwMsB/s320/IMG_7496+edited+in+LR6+with+white+watermark.jpg" width="320" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">Spotted Thick-knee <i>Burhinus capensis</i></td></tr>
</tbody></table>
<u>Day 9 (25th) Tendaba boat trip & journey back to Sanyang</u></div>
<div>
<br /></div>
<div>
Christmas day couldn't have been much better really - taking a boat trip on the stunning River Gambia with my dad and seeing loads more cool birds and wildlife... it's just a shame that the rest of my family weren't there too.<br />
<br />
The boat trip lasted just under 3hrs and in that time we saw 26 species. The best of the bunch from the boat trip were: excellent views of <b><span style="color: #d5a6bd;">Yellow-billed Stork</span></b>, <span style="color: #d5a6bd;"><b>Malachite</b></span> and <b><span style="color: #d5a6bd;">Pied Kingfisher</span></b> and <b><span style="color: #d5a6bd;">Great White Pelican</span></b>, a male <b><span style="color: #d5a6bd;">Montagu's Harrier</span></b>, a brief <span style="color: #d5a6bd;"><b>Mouse-brown Sunbird</b></span> and a <b><span style="color: #d5a6bd;">Wooly-necked Stork</span></b> just as we were leaving the mangroves.<br />
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<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjYg_8zSRQk_9ZGyuIDFgiKJJqYZPTgE-52smqF748qufdRAqM8wl6B-2aNoQ__6dHXuW0w8R2De77m9up1hgdAcwJAFKuTrfl2OowU-UVotTnidgd877rmTtLjeb4NZvQOR1o0jk-ufUtx/s1600/IMG_7572+edited+in+LR6+with+white+watermark.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1086" data-original-width="1600" height="217" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjYg_8zSRQk_9ZGyuIDFgiKJJqYZPTgE-52smqF748qufdRAqM8wl6B-2aNoQ__6dHXuW0w8R2De77m9up1hgdAcwJAFKuTrfl2OowU-UVotTnidgd877rmTtLjeb4NZvQOR1o0jk-ufUtx/s320/IMG_7572+edited+in+LR6+with+white+watermark.jpg" width="320" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">Western Reef Egret <i>Egretta gularis</i></td></tr>
</tbody></table>
<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjuj4iiW_97-8hXXWh3zTeOqDdgTHVC8GkgDcBQkw9s1N4t3FFIOrhIhywG26BwfJ-owXMA6MCW62F9OjnSZOsg3d9vAjpjEwd4_Z_G-SWb6ejhz4ecwXwAxdBOf6hRM6P5ExTZZuIgHchT/s1600/IMG_7636+edited+in+LR6+with+white+watermark.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1102" data-original-width="1600" height="220" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjuj4iiW_97-8hXXWh3zTeOqDdgTHVC8GkgDcBQkw9s1N4t3FFIOrhIhywG26BwfJ-owXMA6MCW62F9OjnSZOsg3d9vAjpjEwd4_Z_G-SWb6ejhz4ecwXwAxdBOf6hRM6P5ExTZZuIgHchT/s320/IMG_7636+edited+in+LR6+with+white+watermark.jpg" width="320" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">Malachite Kingfisher <i>Alcedo cristata</i></td></tr>
</tbody></table>
<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhL10dCDGtbz_XGCw84U3_TaL8QT8HyPrX1uloNggjZaK3bgHUrtO7B3ZH1fConRKbmeB5b2lEdo5PB-5rZYlDwEUGpeJhyphenhyphenHdqhaDof-fspqMdiDprddU8JAPinhZs3xwek6rFse_5Y9Vzx/s1600/IMG_7661+edited+in+LR6+with+white+watermark.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1123" data-original-width="1600" height="224" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhL10dCDGtbz_XGCw84U3_TaL8QT8HyPrX1uloNggjZaK3bgHUrtO7B3ZH1fConRKbmeB5b2lEdo5PB-5rZYlDwEUGpeJhyphenhyphenHdqhaDof-fspqMdiDprddU8JAPinhZs3xwek6rFse_5Y9Vzx/s320/IMG_7661+edited+in+LR6+with+white+watermark.jpg" width="320" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">Pied Kingfisher <i>Ceryle rudis</i></td></tr>
</tbody></table>
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjaig-mpLdYry1mrHaxf6ykQhh_wbxRxmvie-9Hrvk3YSBdTMI84iVfxWcND2QOa4FB7F4KMtWLWVfZmAyrMv0M_pLDFJSNf-6WQq5ZzVavJL6WvqYHwYeUH7I4wOR8zRZcXCIZqwEjfuw3/s1600/IMG_7689+edited+in+LR6+with+white+watermark.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1600" data-original-width="1108" height="320" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjaig-mpLdYry1mrHaxf6ykQhh_wbxRxmvie-9Hrvk3YSBdTMI84iVfxWcND2QOa4FB7F4KMtWLWVfZmAyrMv0M_pLDFJSNf-6WQq5ZzVavJL6WvqYHwYeUH7I4wOR8zRZcXCIZqwEjfuw3/s320/IMG_7689+edited+in+LR6+with+white+watermark.jpg" width="221" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">African Darter <i>Anhinga rufa</i></td></tr>
</tbody></table>
<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEg_ixykuSXng476z21Wxkqz81UaVFf1aikGi9czX1KZ8RLkfcOpxAAJs-QhFhyWGFsrVHeWdMw1GWPiFpXQITeP9_5h_6JMuas4BNLlA5uDUVaa1-5gbdsj3r6kuXPURtBrnUc3Wsny4LMg/s1600/IMG_7765+edited+in+LR6+with+white+watermark.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1062" data-original-width="1600" height="212" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEg_ixykuSXng476z21Wxkqz81UaVFf1aikGi9czX1KZ8RLkfcOpxAAJs-QhFhyWGFsrVHeWdMw1GWPiFpXQITeP9_5h_6JMuas4BNLlA5uDUVaa1-5gbdsj3r6kuXPURtBrnUc3Wsny4LMg/s320/IMG_7765+edited+in+LR6+with+white+watermark.jpg" width="320" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">African Darter <i>Anhinga rufa</i></td></tr>
</tbody></table>
<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjrl5hH05Kp7GT-01mlWXeNqFc1CAiAyaoG9Gb1vsFzP7p3c7Gc96S1rp1B-vuUT6tpasbcAfRDuSlQiSFWnnvSoWsCIZHGSZ9NlUXDpfIZ6uJTcwHiaXE4yYfqqM9n0kY7u-0aVf1EZ0y_/s1600/IMG_7783+edited+in+LR6+with+white+watermark.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1034" data-original-width="1600" height="206" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjrl5hH05Kp7GT-01mlWXeNqFc1CAiAyaoG9Gb1vsFzP7p3c7Gc96S1rp1B-vuUT6tpasbcAfRDuSlQiSFWnnvSoWsCIZHGSZ9NlUXDpfIZ6uJTcwHiaXE4yYfqqM9n0kY7u-0aVf1EZ0y_/s320/IMG_7783+edited+in+LR6+with+white+watermark.jpg" width="320" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">Male Montagu's Harrier <i>Circus pygargus</i></td></tr>
</tbody></table>
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEi2kPgepwupDZSVX63OOje1l1px-xwT8svH7i4MRUNLifMdyBmrq1itHMZ9U07hTQtplFGfMPvv-b9wGogZ0GcYcJczzR_0PwajeF4VezGQ6fPz8gfVDFXL31kuZgNwb2gryTnARLnFuTlP/s1600/IMG_7711+edited+in+LR6+with+white+watermark.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1600" data-original-width="1110" height="320" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEi2kPgepwupDZSVX63OOje1l1px-xwT8svH7i4MRUNLifMdyBmrq1itHMZ9U07hTQtplFGfMPvv-b9wGogZ0GcYcJczzR_0PwajeF4VezGQ6fPz8gfVDFXL31kuZgNwb2gryTnARLnFuTlP/s320/IMG_7711+edited+in+LR6+with+white+watermark.jpg" width="221" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">Yellow-billed Stork <i>Mycteria ibis</i></td></tr>
</tbody></table>
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhDeWMg0-S13HD0cpWxUihhevEscpIO554_h3pBYop6yB605jhyphenhyphennIxXxo2P9L3gvmCWitSSKUpgYRlJNd1r5eBe0K4NBIBfUJuVcWS8PPE4p2zapHnW8_MrG1HIs2M-cR7E9m8wg64bbgyJ/s1600/IMG_7841+edited+in+LR6+with+white+watermark.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: right;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1098" data-original-width="1600" height="219" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhDeWMg0-S13HD0cpWxUihhevEscpIO554_h3pBYop6yB605jhyphenhyphennIxXxo2P9L3gvmCWitSSKUpgYRlJNd1r5eBe0K4NBIBfUJuVcWS8PPE4p2zapHnW8_MrG1HIs2M-cR7E9m8wg64bbgyJ/s320/IMG_7841+edited+in+LR6+with+white+watermark.jpg" width="320" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">Yellow-billed Stork pair <i>Mycteria ibis</i></td></tr>
</tbody></table>
After the boat trip, we began the journey back to Sanyang, stopping off at various places, including Kampanti, a well-known raptor site. While we were there I saw one of my most wanted raptors - <b><span style="color: #d5a6bd;">Bateleur Eagle</span></b>! We saw quite a bit else at Kampanti, including a flock of <b><span style="color: #d5a6bd;">White-crested Helmetshrikes</span></b>, <b><span style="color: #d5a6bd;">Pied-winged Swallows</span></b>, <span style="color: #d5a6bd;"><b>African Yellow White-eye</b></span> and great flight views of <b><span style="color: #d5a6bd;">Grasshopper Buzzard</span></b>. Once again we saw a remarkable amount of birds either from the car or by stopping at random places along the way, including <b><span style="color: #d5a6bd;">Long-crested Eagle</span></b>, <b><span style="color: #d5a6bd;">Swallow-tailed Bee-eater</span></b>, <b><span style="color: #d5a6bd;">Violet-backed Sunbird</span></b> and <b><span style="color: #d5a6bd;">Pygmy Sunbird</span></b>. </div>
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhK9uytq5A28xky8YdXGraJGZT9ddAqXQ8qCVS8fchjKKJ3Y0MJamqrbpf8pQK12ZdqaM5dy4F6edeqo81d_rDwZjEo3OSTIYtZyYV1XogMxpxM2m_axRTuYuzsJv2EgMCz985nxFLoxNrR/s1600/IMG_8034+edited+in+LR6+with+black+watermark.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="917" data-original-width="1258" height="233" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhK9uytq5A28xky8YdXGraJGZT9ddAqXQ8qCVS8fchjKKJ3Y0MJamqrbpf8pQK12ZdqaM5dy4F6edeqo81d_rDwZjEo3OSTIYtZyYV1XogMxpxM2m_axRTuYuzsJv2EgMCz985nxFLoxNrR/s320/IMG_8034+edited+in+LR6+with+black+watermark.jpg" width="320" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">Bateleur Eagle <i>Terathopius ecaudatus</i></td></tr>
</tbody></table>
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEh58fwto7RFHuzf0xlYxz2kTNH495QUO0mnwyBzECryPOd8TjujgyNBrL8hoKYo4yEDsjeRp1h7lWciSe-AiAvW5TS3q4XGb9N3wCp7L-degrI3mN1YaEWbfVGz7tCU8oYk-lsYnZYyX2EX/s1600/IMG_8043+edited+in+LR6+with+black+watermark.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="970" data-original-width="1350" height="229" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEh58fwto7RFHuzf0xlYxz2kTNH495QUO0mnwyBzECryPOd8TjujgyNBrL8hoKYo4yEDsjeRp1h7lWciSe-AiAvW5TS3q4XGb9N3wCp7L-degrI3mN1YaEWbfVGz7tCU8oYk-lsYnZYyX2EX/s320/IMG_8043+edited+in+LR6+with+black+watermark.jpg" width="320" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">Pied-winged Swallow <i>Hirundo leucosoma </i></td></tr>
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEg_B1oV4zoMM00bLZwCjcDYBDxJr69ntCzhyphenhyphenTwOwnr7t6slfAlThy3zt5uG1sgduBp_YLWSpVYYRfjSkJadTRq95YraRaChhdjkEKeAU5txLYPUPPViuf2HLAwvVmW4wNAzgZGvQWJGHGdE/s1600/IMG_8074+edited+in+LR6+with+white+watermark.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1072" data-original-width="1600" height="214" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEg_B1oV4zoMM00bLZwCjcDYBDxJr69ntCzhyphenhyphenTwOwnr7t6slfAlThy3zt5uG1sgduBp_YLWSpVYYRfjSkJadTRq95YraRaChhdjkEKeAU5txLYPUPPViuf2HLAwvVmW4wNAzgZGvQWJGHGdE/s320/IMG_8074+edited+in+LR6+with+white+watermark.jpg" width="320" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">Grasshopper Buzzard <i>Butastur rufipennis</i></td></tr>
</tbody></table>
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<div>
If you made it this far, good job! I hope you enjoyed reading it & the remaining three days of my trip will be coming soon in Part 3 so keep an eye out for that. </div>
</div>
Josie Hewitthttp://www.blogger.com/profile/07680294745952338878noreply@blogger.com1tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-9093798942370475328.post-49664691753562345032019-01-26T18:51:00.000+00:002019-01-26T19:02:04.169+00:00The Gambia: Part 1<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on">
<u><b>The Gambia ~ 17th-28th December 2018 ~ </b></u><br />
<u><b>Part 1: 17th-21st</b></u><br />
<u><b><br /></b></u>
After Christmas 2017, my dad visited The Gambia for a week to go birding and do some photography, however I was unable to go due to looming University coursework. Fortunately, he loved it so much he decided to return this year, so I was able to go with him and spend 10 full days birding in The Gambia over Christmas!<br />
<br />
Between us, we recorded a total of 220 species (see the trip list on <a href="https://www.bubo.org/Listing/view-list.html?list_id=32025" target="_blank"><b>BUBO</b></a>), including three species that were heard only by me (<b><span style="color: #d5a6bd;">Stone Partridge</span></b>, <b><span style="color: #d5a6bd;">Nightingale</span></b> and a probable <b><span style="color: #d5a6bd;">Yellow-browed Warbler</span></b>). Of these 219 species, 168 of them were new for me - pretty mad! It was a brilliant trip and I would highly recommend a visit to TG to other birders who haven't been before: the birds, food, people and landscapes are all superb, plus flights can be very reasonable if you time it right and it's pretty cheap once you're there!<br />
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<u>Day 1 (17th): Arrival & Rainbow surroundings</u><br />
<u><br /></u>
We flew with Thomas Cook from London Gatwick to Banjul Airport, landing at about 1400. A taxi from the airport to our hotel (<a href="http://www.rainbow.gm/" target="_blank">Rainbow Beach Bar</a>, Sanyang) took about 50 minutes and cost about £15 (£1 is approx 60-62 dalasi). <b><span style="color: #d5a6bd;">Blue-bellied Rollers</span></b> are frequent along the power lines and <b><span style="color: #d5a6bd;">Yellow-billed Kites</span></b> and <b><span style="color: #d5a6bd;">Hooded Vultures</span></b> are very common. The evening saw us take a short wander around the area surrounding our hotel, where we saw our first <b><span style="color: #d5a6bd;">Purple Glossy Starlings</span></b> and <b><span style="color: #d5a6bd;">Yellow-crowned Gonoleks</span>, </b>as well as a few familiar waders (<b><span style="color: #d5a6bd;">Sanderling</span></b>, <b><span style="color: #d5a6bd;">Turnstone</span></b> and <b><span style="color: #d5a6bd;">Whimbrel</span></b>) on the beach and in the flooded mangroves.<br />
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhbTrkR7vETJQ9IXQbMRsiWP_z9VuWBNU2JV4VNfn1zb5uoTp0IIu0LjyW8mAsdSy83vh4tCGBQ4l6U6A_lf5TJfmNjwj2PS5mFW31cPjIvFoIfUygfR4eCQl-8oA3BrkjQHlYYE3G9lkAh/s1600/IMG_4571+edited+in+LR6+with+white+watermark.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1107" data-original-width="1600" height="221" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhbTrkR7vETJQ9IXQbMRsiWP_z9VuWBNU2JV4VNfn1zb5uoTp0IIu0LjyW8mAsdSy83vh4tCGBQ4l6U6A_lf5TJfmNjwj2PS5mFW31cPjIvFoIfUygfR4eCQl-8oA3BrkjQHlYYE3G9lkAh/s320/IMG_4571+edited+in+LR6+with+white+watermark.jpg" width="320" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">Purple Glossy Starling <i>Lamprotornis purpureus</i></td></tr>
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEi7_J55foEYHUrXbhURHNYBlweIrNK9-SiG8EeRGHtQvAt3EaH3dV2yjdEVruLGGhvtaDW3bwK05zXEyyhByzNTnO2nZoSZC3J8UyZYUmXxDCVwgOvNrSlOXYJIP7kCoBTg2nPP_l1GCWDs/s1600/IMG_4613+edited+in+LR6+with+white+watermark.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1600" data-original-width="1148" height="320" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEi7_J55foEYHUrXbhURHNYBlweIrNK9-SiG8EeRGHtQvAt3EaH3dV2yjdEVruLGGhvtaDW3bwK05zXEyyhByzNTnO2nZoSZC3J8UyZYUmXxDCVwgOvNrSlOXYJIP7kCoBTg2nPP_l1GCWDs/s320/IMG_4613+edited+in+LR6+with+white+watermark.jpg" width="229" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">Beautiful Sunbird <i>Cinnyris pulchellus</i></td></tr>
</tbody></table>
<br />
<u>Day 2 (18th): Rainbow surroundings</u><br />
<br />
Up and out for first light (around 0730), having decided to head out in the areas surrounding the hotel and a little way up the coast. A variety of habitats are found in a fairly small area, including the beach, rice fields, acacia scrub, open grassy areas and more wooded parts. In 3 hrs we saw 34 species - not loads, but a good flavour of what was to come. Best of the bunch were: <b><span style="color: #d5a6bd;">Black-crowned Tchagra</span></b> (the only one we saw on the whole trip), <b><span style="color: #d5a6bd;">Black-shouldered Kite</span></b>, <b><span style="color: #d5a6bd;">African Harrier Hawk</span> </b>and<b> <span style="color: #d5a6bd;">Woodchat Shrike</span></b>. Later on, we headed back out to the same places, but heading for a small beach bar a few hundred metres up the coast, called 'Black & White'. There we had some very tasty fish and chips and saw a few more species on our wanderings there and back, including <b><span style="color: #d5a6bd;">Green Wood-hoopoe</span></b>, <b><span style="color: #d5a6bd;">Grey Woodpecker</span></b> and <b><span style="color: #d5a6bd;">Bearded Barbet</span></b>.<br />
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjgwCh9jXmveVuG8PK5bVDgrRVtAr66F60zzoQzzrK_q-zdPprZRlLXK8lwnMbFVZvQ8iz0_j1AuiKd_q5v0lJiybwakdStbfs8PvrXwjT-gsTtcZOG6iouWIiqdorUfu0jq4qkEnsMAXFY/s1600/IMG_4728+edited+in+LR6+with+white+watermark.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1059" data-original-width="1600" height="211" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjgwCh9jXmveVuG8PK5bVDgrRVtAr66F60zzoQzzrK_q-zdPprZRlLXK8lwnMbFVZvQ8iz0_j1AuiKd_q5v0lJiybwakdStbfs8PvrXwjT-gsTtcZOG6iouWIiqdorUfu0jq4qkEnsMAXFY/s320/IMG_4728+edited+in+LR6+with+white+watermark.jpg" width="320" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">Cattle Egret <i>Bubulcus ibis</i></td></tr>
</tbody></table>
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEj-fdvYakxTWb0E5wptglxGmfxwZ1WHoYJy1ORw6Kvet-hJGbMPtRYaVqWW_zg-VQaZf-McIRJR37_dJCL3rjNePkh4KtaLgzist-5eM8fqMcrQisLdDAD9qYOe51nrPpgylJUdcGMuI-7v/s1600/IMG_4760+edited+in+LR6+with+white+watermark.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1087" data-original-width="1600" height="217" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEj-fdvYakxTWb0E5wptglxGmfxwZ1WHoYJy1ORw6Kvet-hJGbMPtRYaVqWW_zg-VQaZf-McIRJR37_dJCL3rjNePkh4KtaLgzist-5eM8fqMcrQisLdDAD9qYOe51nrPpgylJUdcGMuI-7v/s320/IMG_4760+edited+in+LR6+with+white+watermark.jpg" width="320" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">Yellow-billed Kite <i>Milvus aegyptius</i></td></tr>
</tbody></table>
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiROxVcyoPoFrR9zDEZJ9JrL0R6fE_BVpXfo2zWNWVUN1mXxTe-yastnKo6moSfqI1noKRabXl20IBmMnW9GzXUt0UPjqIV_PRzuqS9H5TaGE9zyBerfofbTIVIJqOCoe73QRO8fxIW8jzS/s1600/IMG_4791+edited+in+LR6+with+white+watermark.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1106" data-original-width="1600" height="221" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiROxVcyoPoFrR9zDEZJ9JrL0R6fE_BVpXfo2zWNWVUN1mXxTe-yastnKo6moSfqI1noKRabXl20IBmMnW9GzXUt0UPjqIV_PRzuqS9H5TaGE9zyBerfofbTIVIJqOCoe73QRO8fxIW8jzS/s320/IMG_4791+edited+in+LR6+with+white+watermark.jpg" width="320" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">African Harrier Hawk <i>Polyboroides radiatus</i></td></tr>
</tbody></table>
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEh4BYDUX6ejh5GZIhE3YL9t9POcntKszPxA4eRLhoFNpBoeOLo447ns8mrAzZVNGy8sbAu-estdfTixPGhnwBMbU6H3-vQFpbtZOvKq8gQTfuXaHnX8Nyfwgqj0L6XTz1klja8zkT81TDVh/s1600/IMG_4860+edited+in+LR6+with+white+watermark.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1083" data-original-width="1600" height="216" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEh4BYDUX6ejh5GZIhE3YL9t9POcntKszPxA4eRLhoFNpBoeOLo447ns8mrAzZVNGy8sbAu-estdfTixPGhnwBMbU6H3-vQFpbtZOvKq8gQTfuXaHnX8Nyfwgqj0L6XTz1klja8zkT81TDVh/s320/IMG_4860+edited+in+LR6+with+white+watermark.jpg" width="320" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">Black-crowned Tchagra <i>Tchagra senegalus</i></td></tr>
</tbody></table>
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgv9oPKFz6mUtgzlR_tDJ9AkMwIw4s5pW5JneWu05zVkajpU-EH6FjJCz4fTJ_z8pTerx_hDWR17tTbl4O49J9Gq2U1ODoqD4Uff3f4qMUBIneubHQLlQDrMrP2M9lBTx-8Vjs1lnjM9N3r/s1600/IMG_4893+edited+in+LR6+with+white+watermark.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1156" data-original-width="1600" height="231" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgv9oPKFz6mUtgzlR_tDJ9AkMwIw4s5pW5JneWu05zVkajpU-EH6FjJCz4fTJ_z8pTerx_hDWR17tTbl4O49J9Gq2U1ODoqD4Uff3f4qMUBIneubHQLlQDrMrP2M9lBTx-8Vjs1lnjM9N3r/s320/IMG_4893+edited+in+LR6+with+white+watermark.jpg" width="320" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">African Grey Hornbill <i>Lophoceros nasutus</i></td></tr>
</tbody></table>
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjVnUXh9fmGUk-U6SQfneb0a0gg7rj0oV6kPCXfn6ykTvPciuSP9To-P1lNMn4EScnJjYciUgYJxGpgX3RaIfaLkVyAu5SuvSHtiP9Pt8db6sFHccVLNRemwlCa5O9YDIsqwJ8HTnE97f8w/s1600/IMG_4938+edited+in+LR6+with+white+watermark.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1091" data-original-width="1600" height="218" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjVnUXh9fmGUk-U6SQfneb0a0gg7rj0oV6kPCXfn6ykTvPciuSP9To-P1lNMn4EScnJjYciUgYJxGpgX3RaIfaLkVyAu5SuvSHtiP9Pt8db6sFHccVLNRemwlCa5O9YDIsqwJ8HTnE97f8w/s320/IMG_4938+edited+in+LR6+with+white+watermark.jpg" width="320" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">Woodchat Shrike <i>Lanius senator</i></td></tr>
</tbody></table>
<br />
<u>Day 3 (19th): Kotu Bridge, Cycle Path & Ponds</u><br />
<br />
Kotu Bridge was our first destination of the day and we arrived at 0800 due to a slight delay in leaving the hotel (aka 'Gambian time'). There we were treated to <b><span style="color: #d5a6bd;">Hamerkop</span></b>, <b><span style="color: #d5a6bd;">Pied</span></b> and <b><span style="color: #d5a6bd;">Giant Kingfishers</span></b>, <b><span style="color: #d5a6bd;">Senegal Thick-knee</span></b>, a <b><span style="color: #d5a6bd;">Broad-billed Roller</span></b> and plenty else to keep us occupied.<br />
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEisIiBtF9GMbQ1E1hyZ6noxy6Ez1fM7w1WKD68j-7FcLKgKI62I7YRKlkPE2M-uTPFWV5In-9PmvNJDhsQGz_8moZX-xNfHQjaPUd8yxuJ06soC5-h-68E34OxIDpg0wLsK8w027gMrlKNy/s1600/IMG_5078+edited+in+LR6+with+white+watermark.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1043" data-original-width="1600" height="208" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEisIiBtF9GMbQ1E1hyZ6noxy6Ez1fM7w1WKD68j-7FcLKgKI62I7YRKlkPE2M-uTPFWV5In-9PmvNJDhsQGz_8moZX-xNfHQjaPUd8yxuJ06soC5-h-68E34OxIDpg0wLsK8w027gMrlKNy/s320/IMG_5078+edited+in+LR6+with+white+watermark.jpg" width="320" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">Hamerkop <i>Scopus umbretta</i></td></tr>
</tbody></table>
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgl8e7_3S3v9XJh6fzVWPU1T3XrLIwoimPNVdaDgQJx7bYOyv5JeQ00hO_jHOm8f4PPRrxzJROao5jba3E9VLn9q3hE_07p2SZh46tWvaJMffP-bs1dHAVUEeG9QM7tP502WmEwTKi6CPqd/s1600/IMG_5420+edited+in+LR6+with+white+watermark.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1057" data-original-width="1600" height="211" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgl8e7_3S3v9XJh6fzVWPU1T3XrLIwoimPNVdaDgQJx7bYOyv5JeQ00hO_jHOm8f4PPRrxzJROao5jba3E9VLn9q3hE_07p2SZh46tWvaJMffP-bs1dHAVUEeG9QM7tP502WmEwTKi6CPqd/s320/IMG_5420+edited+in+LR6+with+white+watermark.jpg" width="320" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">Pied Kingfisher <i>Ceryle rudis</i></td></tr>
</tbody></table>
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjm9ZO1a9nBbY8MwLnCuziGKlviI6ck9Xal6-LOULDvUXrVoy8xBlhmZFeJFRbFTuCN_zlUADzEzldbji78BQC6viIuFvxl9GKzSe2xbmtawJA_UJIefcB7Zh6fV8I1Rf1ex-V5t_LyJX2u/s1600/IMG_5152+edited+in+LR6+with+white+watermark.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1104" data-original-width="1600" height="220" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjm9ZO1a9nBbY8MwLnCuziGKlviI6ck9Xal6-LOULDvUXrVoy8xBlhmZFeJFRbFTuCN_zlUADzEzldbji78BQC6viIuFvxl9GKzSe2xbmtawJA_UJIefcB7Zh6fV8I1Rf1ex-V5t_LyJX2u/s320/IMG_5152+edited+in+LR6+with+white+watermark.jpg" width="320" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">Giant Kingfisher <i>Megaceryle maxima</i></td></tr>
</tbody></table>
After this we made our way to the Kotu Cycle Path where we walked to the end of the path and back. There wasn't tonnes to see, probably because we'd missed the peak of activity, but it was cool to see <b><span style="color: #d5a6bd;">Black Herons</span></b> (aka umbrella birds) doing their thing, as well as a group of <b><span style="color: #d5a6bd;">Green Wood-hoopoes</span></b> and a <b><span style="color: #d5a6bd;">Peal-spotted Owlet</span></b> at the start of the cycle path.<br />
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjle54yufJFrJDFLl98th6priak3xpYlB_KjCa6e-V0iYWx2XWatymW6H03V5JM0OwTFMRXGhs4AigzawY0Sbg0HPCaOOO-oCLbKzHJ27kt-tzUKhxUKFg63K1DzOgmUoUky0fZqhNCzSSC/s1600/IMG_5242+edited+in+LR6+with+white+watermark.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1052" data-original-width="1600" height="210" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjle54yufJFrJDFLl98th6priak3xpYlB_KjCa6e-V0iYWx2XWatymW6H03V5JM0OwTFMRXGhs4AigzawY0Sbg0HPCaOOO-oCLbKzHJ27kt-tzUKhxUKFg63K1DzOgmUoUky0fZqhNCzSSC/s320/IMG_5242+edited+in+LR6+with+white+watermark.jpg" width="320" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">Black Heron <i>Egretta ardesiaca</i></td></tr>
</tbody></table>
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgr4fOlOujxKxH5b3_LP6MOvCXXIOJqeK4XLUhK8eZ8esDoDQrWW5AqapKXIhq7hjRX77voC7EyUDtI4IbwgLLpL0i400AUJMBbJ4fqlIloJ6O-81TTiClbiBIZNP8VkB1a6hdPBm80Uvw6/s1600/IMG_5333+edited+in+LR6+with+white+watermark.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1065" data-original-width="1600" height="212" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgr4fOlOujxKxH5b3_LP6MOvCXXIOJqeK4XLUhK8eZ8esDoDQrWW5AqapKXIhq7hjRX77voC7EyUDtI4IbwgLLpL0i400AUJMBbJ4fqlIloJ6O-81TTiClbiBIZNP8VkB1a6hdPBm80Uvw6/s320/IMG_5333+edited+in+LR6+with+white+watermark.jpg" width="320" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">Yellow-billed Shrike <i>Corvinella corvina</i></td></tr>
</tbody></table>
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjSaJjcryp3Gj-bmy8vH_Qc2FpdUoEn3rn063_N4OHDoPoeAhZm60Rf5KtFl-WEi6TY-zLymDW_S7F0FYQ_0hyuID5M-apw19TCoP4WZr5xu5y1djicl5ytz-2FTPRzYbMZRMhFQeeXWSBj/s1600/IMG_5381+edited+in+LR6+with+white+watermark.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1600" data-original-width="1339" height="320" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjSaJjcryp3Gj-bmy8vH_Qc2FpdUoEn3rn063_N4OHDoPoeAhZm60Rf5KtFl-WEi6TY-zLymDW_S7F0FYQ_0hyuID5M-apw19TCoP4WZr5xu5y1djicl5ytz-2FTPRzYbMZRMhFQeeXWSBj/s320/IMG_5381+edited+in+LR6+with+white+watermark.jpg" width="267" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">Pearl-spotted Owlet <i>Glaucidium perlatum</i></td></tr>
</tbody></table>
We headed back to the bridge and then to the sewage ponds (birders do visit the most delightful places). While walking to the ponds we had superb views of <b><span style="color: #d5a6bd;">Little Bee-eater</span></b> and <b><span style="color: #d5a6bd;">Fork-tailed Drongo</span></b>.<br />
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjBrevqIut70zp5Cyt_WF1C2Pp-eoI2ogIobik8c6pELF111IerhIBevRkKjN0oQ9y39q61w3oCYA_j8vNrYVAPoXFMv4g-AWlKkislxBeTRpoI_QVQm2i_ZIJYTKaTN27dc_OxDEuBoaVB/s1600/IMG_5500+edited+in+LR6+with+white+watermark.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1600" data-original-width="1133" height="320" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjBrevqIut70zp5Cyt_WF1C2Pp-eoI2ogIobik8c6pELF111IerhIBevRkKjN0oQ9y39q61w3oCYA_j8vNrYVAPoXFMv4g-AWlKkislxBeTRpoI_QVQm2i_ZIJYTKaTN27dc_OxDEuBoaVB/s320/IMG_5500+edited+in+LR6+with+white+watermark.jpg" width="226" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">Little Bee-eater <i>Merops pusillus</i></td></tr>
</tbody></table>
At the ponds there were good numbers of <b><span style="color: #d5a6bd;">White-faced Whistling Duck</span></b>, a fair few sandpipers (including three <b><span style="color: #d5a6bd;">Wood Sandpipers</span></b>) and a few showy <b><span style="color: #d5a6bd;">African Jacana</span></b>. A brief stop at the bridge while waiting for our driver resulted in a few <b><span style="color: #d5a6bd;">Ringed Plover</span></b>, a <b><span style="color: #d5a6bd;">Pygmy Kingfisher</span></b>, great views of <b><span style="color: #d5a6bd;">Black-winged Stilts</span></b>, a friendly <b><span style="color: #d5a6bd;">Common Sandpiper</span></b> and the flash of electric blue from a Blue-breasted or Woodland Kingfisher.<br />
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgDWrO_LrUVfi4AZg-L3vf3_nwHsU782Hc5WAITqT7plPeL6UaIdjI1j7X2K11hpcgOOcAajkuUbRuBeKN7j18y_uPZX9R4n5hUvsrVzS4a6PwD3Ny8cDgxRR8SHGA_2e07DeUe9g5LBr6c/s1600/IMG_5518+edited+in+LR6+with+white+watermark.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1600" data-original-width="1125" height="320" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgDWrO_LrUVfi4AZg-L3vf3_nwHsU782Hc5WAITqT7plPeL6UaIdjI1j7X2K11hpcgOOcAajkuUbRuBeKN7j18y_uPZX9R4n5hUvsrVzS4a6PwD3Ny8cDgxRR8SHGA_2e07DeUe9g5LBr6c/s320/IMG_5518+edited+in+LR6+with+white+watermark.jpg" width="224" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">Juvenile Yellow-billed Kite <i>Milvus aegyptius</i></td></tr>
</tbody></table>
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgl90BOhgvHmo0pSRo3DWwqQe23A2VBhGdWLNijdux15sUGTypyjMD0y17g5PA-gC6zRHYphVAWAOfTz0ttNzQ5oqD9LdQ3K7prfE_lpPwdHCSNQ8iUppXOmJ5m3shCKd8DBwQjX3WGPd-e/s1600/IMG_5552+edited+in+LR6+with+white+watermark.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1097" data-original-width="1600" height="219" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgl90BOhgvHmo0pSRo3DWwqQe23A2VBhGdWLNijdux15sUGTypyjMD0y17g5PA-gC6zRHYphVAWAOfTz0ttNzQ5oqD9LdQ3K7prfE_lpPwdHCSNQ8iUppXOmJ5m3shCKd8DBwQjX3WGPd-e/s320/IMG_5552+edited+in+LR6+with+white+watermark.jpg" width="320" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">African Jacana <i>Actophilornis africanus</i></td></tr>
</tbody></table>
<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgauFKU0A1d8yzfIhfadasydicCzw15QOopf5TJ-Vv5C3xEejSfSuD2MK5OFJa9MU_PC76OLhkwIKX6tFVoYZYnSZxkiJmxGpU86H1fXOBikIZOUtDiONPMiukg6fGivIGttcoy2SrXVm6o/s1600/IMG_5609+edited+in+LR6+with+white+watermark.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1600" data-original-width="1143" height="320" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgauFKU0A1d8yzfIhfadasydicCzw15QOopf5TJ-Vv5C3xEejSfSuD2MK5OFJa9MU_PC76OLhkwIKX6tFVoYZYnSZxkiJmxGpU86H1fXOBikIZOUtDiONPMiukg6fGivIGttcoy2SrXVm6o/s320/IMG_5609+edited+in+LR6+with+white+watermark.jpg" width="228" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">Black-winged Stilt <i>Himantopus himantopus</i></td></tr>
</tbody></table>
<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgyzJAAxKAQNpotQ5ENK3zUOlknRSNPZ5gpAqtNzODoYUIIrwPI21xHAp0rUxoOiRjQ41rzIOPQoUc2J8Qq5zJnqscafAR6FX_5ZCJ2nr_pK4eTOLT_bBnQ9saQKR1QUsO2e_s-UCcgkJ79/s1600/IMG_5634+edited+in+LR6+with+white+watermark.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1073" data-original-width="1600" height="214" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgyzJAAxKAQNpotQ5ENK3zUOlknRSNPZ5gpAqtNzODoYUIIrwPI21xHAp0rUxoOiRjQ41rzIOPQoUc2J8Qq5zJnqscafAR6FX_5ZCJ2nr_pK4eTOLT_bBnQ9saQKR1QUsO2e_s-UCcgkJ79/s320/IMG_5634+edited+in+LR6+with+white+watermark.jpg" width="320" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">Common Sandpiper <i>Actitis hypoleucos</i></td></tr>
</tbody></table>
<u><br />Day 4 (20th): Abuko Nature Reserve & Lamin rice fields</u><br />
<u><br /></u>
We arrived at 7.15, and due to some confusion on our guide's part, we ended up driving straight down to the Hyena enclosure and photo hide where we stayed for about 30 mins. I wandered off and found some <b><span style="color: #d5a6bd;">Common Wattle-eyes</span></b> and a <b><span style="color: #d5a6bd;">Grey-backed Camaroptera</span></b>. While watching these, I heard a familiar call that grabbed my attention: <b><span style="color: #d5a6bd;">Yellow-browed Warbler</span></b>. I listened to it for a few minutes, though unfortunately didn't manage to get any sound recordings as my phone ran out of charge. I'm very familiar with YBWs and can't find anything else that sounds even remotely similar, but would welcome any suggestions!<br />
<br />
Our driver then decided we should drive back to the entrance and walk down to the hyena enclosure so that we walk through the forest and visit the other hides. This was quite sensible and we saw plenty, including <b><span style="color: #d5a6bd;">Green Turaco</span></b> at one of the hides, closely followed by <b><span style="color: #d5a6bd;">Violet Turaco</span></b>!! We also got great views of Green Vervet and Red Colobus monkeys on our walk, as well as at the hyena enclosure. Before we knew it, it was lunchtime, so we decided to head over to the Lamin rice fields. <b><span style="color: #d5a6bd;">Black Crake</span></b> was our main target here, which we saw quite easily, in addition to plenty of other species: <b><span style="color: #d5a6bd;">Squacco Heron</span></b>, <b><span style="color: #d5a6bd;">Long-tailed Cormorant</span></b>, <b><span style="color: #d5a6bd;">Green-backed Heron</span></b>, <b><span style="color: #d5a6bd;">Black-headed Heron</span></b>, <b><span style="color: #d5a6bd;">Lizard Buzzard</span></b>, <b><span style="color: #d5a6bd;">European</span></b> and <b><span style="color: #d5a6bd;">Little Bee-eater</span></b>.<br />
<br />
<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjP5k2FH9IzH8rYpqVPg_mOs4yd4ZgUDsNAu2GFz-irG15UwXFjYwUiK6BF0lDY4uSizXpYxh5xu9XXvVq06xuKFzOiF84NKKGYsN2y5tfsL3CNo8z8JCuRJAjf0QoSTIOzt20YYuyt0HFg/s1600/IMG_5652+edited+in+LR6+with+white+watermark.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1080" data-original-width="1600" height="216" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjP5k2FH9IzH8rYpqVPg_mOs4yd4ZgUDsNAu2GFz-irG15UwXFjYwUiK6BF0lDY4uSizXpYxh5xu9XXvVq06xuKFzOiF84NKKGYsN2y5tfsL3CNo8z8JCuRJAjf0QoSTIOzt20YYuyt0HFg/s320/IMG_5652+edited+in+LR6+with+white+watermark.jpg" width="320" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">Purple Heron <i>Ardea purpurea</i></td></tr>
</tbody></table>
<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEi8amQOzSEGOVs9Q3QhareOCqm5cUvX3YrqO13DOHuLmnGzNNmhTD28dd3cWRa4GeX6Y6HCynETtZWOeCxxBwm_bK7Q7hwtgW8z99lS3qmUYRBkWoUHhpkvjeWlgCRj-bsL85QCVcLmTgGM/s1600/IMG_5666+edited+in+LR6+with+white+watermark.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1083" data-original-width="1600" height="216" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEi8amQOzSEGOVs9Q3QhareOCqm5cUvX3YrqO13DOHuLmnGzNNmhTD28dd3cWRa4GeX6Y6HCynETtZWOeCxxBwm_bK7Q7hwtgW8z99lS3qmUYRBkWoUHhpkvjeWlgCRj-bsL85QCVcLmTgGM/s320/IMG_5666+edited+in+LR6+with+white+watermark.jpg" width="320" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">Broad-billed Roller <i>Eurystomus glaucurus</i></td></tr>
</tbody></table>
<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjS_lP38vRHZMk-_EH79I8efP9TL9uRUggLYYEgVpwbXa3X7VDyKs9GcNxniykbnvS-1k1t_WWaiZF-pFXtb3CrAUm5AbWyfUFrD-CGaLWXhEXFoeR9JONKoMGPzbShSUgu2FmNvPyw4byf/s1600/IMG_5689+edited+in+LR6+with+white+watermark.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1088" data-original-width="1600" height="217" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjS_lP38vRHZMk-_EH79I8efP9TL9uRUggLYYEgVpwbXa3X7VDyKs9GcNxniykbnvS-1k1t_WWaiZF-pFXtb3CrAUm5AbWyfUFrD-CGaLWXhEXFoeR9JONKoMGPzbShSUgu2FmNvPyw4byf/s320/IMG_5689+edited+in+LR6+with+white+watermark.jpg" width="320" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">Violet Turaco <i>Musophaga violacea</i></td></tr>
</tbody></table>
<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEj8OmAMx5FJMIodKV3OW1LcgadyJZXcUi2uDU9vKglF91dehHhsJX2PQ85_ZYWo0EXji4wqZ3RQAWGSEQI5XRVECHpWkJKrCESsLHfG2k678QPXbRJue9mfXHlDIYWNGNl90z7w0NMDVAGO/s1600/IMG_5804+edited+in+LR6+with+white+watermark.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1066" data-original-width="1600" height="213" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEj8OmAMx5FJMIodKV3OW1LcgadyJZXcUi2uDU9vKglF91dehHhsJX2PQ85_ZYWo0EXji4wqZ3RQAWGSEQI5XRVECHpWkJKrCESsLHfG2k678QPXbRJue9mfXHlDIYWNGNl90z7w0NMDVAGO/s320/IMG_5804+edited+in+LR6+with+white+watermark.jpg" width="320" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">Hooded Vulture <i>Necrosyrtes monachus</i></td></tr>
</tbody></table>
<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiGGzogQW8_ApFoaZCV9cAOjEb2WEwsKwnhJcGXkArAT74fSBqAPD0syYEoZw0lOgUPkAqCxuLndIt_FF6Fpdto89BlBOzW6IHxXHczWL7Wm9N_FML3uMX1U4B2XrvG4Cwt2ymVnIaKDQFz/s1600/IMG_5869+edited+in+LR6+with+white+watermark.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1423" data-original-width="1600" height="284" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiGGzogQW8_ApFoaZCV9cAOjEb2WEwsKwnhJcGXkArAT74fSBqAPD0syYEoZw0lOgUPkAqCxuLndIt_FF6Fpdto89BlBOzW6IHxXHczWL7Wm9N_FML3uMX1U4B2XrvG4Cwt2ymVnIaKDQFz/s320/IMG_5869+edited+in+LR6+with+white+watermark.jpg" width="320" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">Adult Green Vervet <i>Chlorocebus pygerythrus</i></td></tr>
</tbody></table>
<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEh5-k0vf1WU0wY7SqEJda2YBM2vTYDVKzQvG72BDdEGOENrnEkyggOxR1mp95iZrec3rERZyh8Sc3n8J15m-hA8Mji_L5IBqrOY5BI2uUTIsy5aYb6avEmrnuN9Oi2OisYOCrZeJ70qlVZa/s1600/IMG_5874+edited+in+LR6+with+white+watermark.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1138" data-original-width="1600" height="227" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEh5-k0vf1WU0wY7SqEJda2YBM2vTYDVKzQvG72BDdEGOENrnEkyggOxR1mp95iZrec3rERZyh8Sc3n8J15m-hA8Mji_L5IBqrOY5BI2uUTIsy5aYb6avEmrnuN9Oi2OisYOCrZeJ70qlVZa/s320/IMG_5874+edited+in+LR6+with+white+watermark.jpg" width="320" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">Juvenile Green Vervet <i>Chlorocebus pygerythrus</i></td></tr>
</tbody></table>
<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhWXuCsQ0wbgg3e00EL1iICg-6MOcnMv1kU31JyjBoBpKiTkNQK830GUi0TKn1QsIb0UjJq7lX6-nHiTthQNlpX-GXcp3Fppe3zHKmb4t4CLklCnvDWafRpj6IDSoNj5rvfmQXnPn5pGHVR/s1600/IMG_5876+edited+in+LR6+with+white+watermark.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1442" data-original-width="1600" height="288" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhWXuCsQ0wbgg3e00EL1iICg-6MOcnMv1kU31JyjBoBpKiTkNQK830GUi0TKn1QsIb0UjJq7lX6-nHiTthQNlpX-GXcp3Fppe3zHKmb4t4CLklCnvDWafRpj6IDSoNj5rvfmQXnPn5pGHVR/s320/IMG_5876+edited+in+LR6+with+white+watermark.jpg" width="320" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">Juvenile Green Vervet <i>Chlorocebus pygerythrus</i></td></tr>
</tbody></table>
<u>Day 5 (21st): Kartong</u><br />
<u><br /></u>
Kartong is somewhere I have wanted to visit for quite a while now, owing to the fact it is the site of Gambia's only bird observatory, so to finally be able to bird the area was excellent... and we weren't disappointed! We spent the morning birding and saw lots of cool stuff. The highlights were <b style="color: #d5a6bd;">Black-shouldered Kite</b>, <b><span style="color: #d5a6bd;">Black-tailed Godwit</span></b>, <b><span style="color: #d5a6bd;">Spur-winged Goose</span></b>, <b><span style="color: #d5a6bd;">Diederik Cuckoo</span></b>, <b><span style="color: #d5a6bd;">Grey-headed Kingfisher</span></b>, <b><span style="color: #d5a6bd;">Black-headed Lapwing</span></b>, <b><span style="color: #d5a6bd;">Hoopoe</span></b> and point blank views of <b><span style="color: #d5a6bd;">Abyssinian Roller</span>.</b> Once back at the hotel just after lunch, we had a chilled afternoon birding along the river. <b><span style="color: #d5a6bd;">Variable Sunbird</span></b>, <b><span style="color: #d5a6bd;">Mottled Spinetail</span></b> and <b><span style="color: #d5a6bd;">Sandwich Tern</span></b> were the only new species for the trip and annoyingly, there seemed to be a Skua sp. perched on a buoy, but I couldn't make out enough detail to ID it to species.<br />
<br />
<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhiQy2d8ivoZmyrkx-Oq1T8_nlbNJ_0dWbzp26IS5bqkgDGjU-NYmHK20u762Tz3awnwFCNPY4xu-3SUxN4EEaVBvkhgAvw8iCfhJNCyxo7PakErKmhP5ynpXRxbay1tnHdo_zbxBZGmWTW/s1600/IMG_5926+edited+in+LR6+with+white+watermark.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1131" data-original-width="1538" height="235" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhiQy2d8ivoZmyrkx-Oq1T8_nlbNJ_0dWbzp26IS5bqkgDGjU-NYmHK20u762Tz3awnwFCNPY4xu-3SUxN4EEaVBvkhgAvw8iCfhJNCyxo7PakErKmhP5ynpXRxbay1tnHdo_zbxBZGmWTW/s320/IMG_5926+edited+in+LR6+with+white+watermark.jpg" width="320" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">Diederik Cuckoo <i>Chrysococcyx caprius</i></td></tr>
</tbody></table>
<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEinB9GZsNWvnZ2JyGoBVFswXaXmBgGlUCkU71yF1AnA-KWhfMdMXt3bMEujQnUPaYc3zWbsbtKdwI5ODrEy2Yypu0_7f4M4fgxkTrE5Gfvw6qswt1BhoEVAS3KyqaapTqvBD0ByQXWHl6gr/s1600/IMG_5947+edited+in+LR6+with+white+watermark.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1098" data-original-width="1600" height="219" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEinB9GZsNWvnZ2JyGoBVFswXaXmBgGlUCkU71yF1AnA-KWhfMdMXt3bMEujQnUPaYc3zWbsbtKdwI5ODrEy2Yypu0_7f4M4fgxkTrE5Gfvw6qswt1BhoEVAS3KyqaapTqvBD0ByQXWHl6gr/s320/IMG_5947+edited+in+LR6+with+white+watermark.jpg" width="320" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">Black-headed Lapwing <i>Vanellus tectus</i></td></tr>
</tbody></table>
<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiDHeOQAPZcd7qWfSbL2oHpxQzwnFkhDX9IDn_c4dfU8NMHDFY8KHi7BVuHNrvq8ODnD-A6_zK4JKuCZb7GZnhRdN16ofUN89cqjuSGfSJ0xwqCbEGd28TQ3XcIhjbHZ6FWvouFCdBU6Ywt/s1600/IMG_5968+edited+in+LR6+with+white+watermark.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1028" data-original-width="1600" height="205" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiDHeOQAPZcd7qWfSbL2oHpxQzwnFkhDX9IDn_c4dfU8NMHDFY8KHi7BVuHNrvq8ODnD-A6_zK4JKuCZb7GZnhRdN16ofUN89cqjuSGfSJ0xwqCbEGd28TQ3XcIhjbHZ6FWvouFCdBU6Ywt/s320/IMG_5968+edited+in+LR6+with+white+watermark.jpg" width="320" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">Osprey <i>Pandion haliaetus</i> with colour ring</td></tr>
</tbody></table>
<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhqiefisX6_D7E3lzHzLYwas4E9r6HRhWVHVkA9vHNDC7TIO-9MzW4F4xIIzcmbL2JZGwvOIoXINpJuzVJgcVtJdCNUpRlYLAUt8deN9_PMKBHd8liGzvWGLRJ1KL96uYPj4uxGbFXA6iS1/s1600/IMG_5975+edited+in+LR6+with+white+watermark.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1155" data-original-width="1600" height="230" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhqiefisX6_D7E3lzHzLYwas4E9r6HRhWVHVkA9vHNDC7TIO-9MzW4F4xIIzcmbL2JZGwvOIoXINpJuzVJgcVtJdCNUpRlYLAUt8deN9_PMKBHd8liGzvWGLRJ1KL96uYPj4uxGbFXA6iS1/s320/IMG_5975+edited+in+LR6+with+white+watermark.jpg" width="320" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">Melodious Warbler <i>Hippolais polyglotta</i></td></tr>
</tbody></table>
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjrl0yr1rqDJl1E15xB4ibBLsyZX4jwVkJPejjdUiyT8qGmu3VD5tKdatcDUBTn9owSGyXzETY6jeUuMpxkw7PxscLceCuA0pwUD6eOpZ-R87AxZTG4qreqb6-CEs8Bi71hGN1Rakb2f69U/s1600/IMG_6036+edited+in+LR6+with+white+watermark.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1025" data-original-width="1600" height="205" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjrl0yr1rqDJl1E15xB4ibBLsyZX4jwVkJPejjdUiyT8qGmu3VD5tKdatcDUBTn9owSGyXzETY6jeUuMpxkw7PxscLceCuA0pwUD6eOpZ-R87AxZTG4qreqb6-CEs8Bi71hGN1Rakb2f69U/s320/IMG_6036+edited+in+LR6+with+white+watermark.jpg" width="320" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">Spur-winged Goose <i>Plectropterus gambensis</i></td></tr>
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgvR6-rDTY7AwyA3DYoaCPorTc0BcCXXrsltRRQ7tYjPObVnlgXLHjRmM8O_E68n34M-cPhCZMgiEd2Kjje0kzvPrpdupdHqSRBUMsoSkrz6AvnMmCCW0ptRU-N7oXQJwHRsDcKT-MS6ADV/s1600/IMG_6051+edited+in+LR6.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1068" data-original-width="1460" height="234" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgvR6-rDTY7AwyA3DYoaCPorTc0BcCXXrsltRRQ7tYjPObVnlgXLHjRmM8O_E68n34M-cPhCZMgiEd2Kjje0kzvPrpdupdHqSRBUMsoSkrz6AvnMmCCW0ptRU-N7oXQJwHRsDcKT-MS6ADV/s320/IMG_6051+edited+in+LR6.jpg" width="320" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">Spur-winged Lapwing <i>Vanellus spinosus</i> with engraved leg flag </td></tr>
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1040" data-original-width="1600" height="208" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiV5PQnnmauUPLpMgy-hIjosET94hRpPIvQL5pna3MyRMaX6MxCs6YYGvf3NlkJjUDUDhlsuvNz2PAf5TigbLc4Q6Gy6vEpAyd6Y-1YZFAsK4xsSStjQv5JdHnNZinaXi2PQ-HuOX7nu7od/s320/IMG_6100+edited+in+LR6+with+white+watermark.jpg" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;" width="320" /></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">Abyssinian Roller <i>Coracias abyssinicus</i></td></tr>
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjo4wBRIGIirKwBJuDrXpj3-dC_zrnbgHQSkoN9hIvFNhMIeRaKvwUCAMkfrLLzYTXjirJeMai1lNrfxmDgOqckyyHVz2eGnsDlDytsdZpx2xd8s1GLK0A7iIZZJx98Hk4hfCkqgw8cfXUS/s1600/IMG_6132+edited+in+LR6+with+white+watermark.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1042" data-original-width="1516" height="219" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjo4wBRIGIirKwBJuDrXpj3-dC_zrnbgHQSkoN9hIvFNhMIeRaKvwUCAMkfrLLzYTXjirJeMai1lNrfxmDgOqckyyHVz2eGnsDlDytsdZpx2xd8s1GLK0A7iIZZJx98Hk4hfCkqgw8cfXUS/s320/IMG_6132+edited+in+LR6+with+white+watermark.jpg" width="320" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">Mottled Spinetail <i>Telacanthura ussheri</i></td></tr>
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If you've made it this far, congratulations! Part 2 will be published soon, so keep an eye out for that.</div>
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Josie Hewitthttp://www.blogger.com/profile/07680294745952338878noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-9093798942370475328.post-37243788795877111482018-09-23T15:09:00.001+01:002018-09-23T15:33:07.344+01:00Ireland Field Ecology Trip<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on">
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<u style="text-align: left;"><b>Ireland Field Ecology Trip ~ 1st-15th September 2018 ~</b></u></div>
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I recently returned from a fortnight in Inch on the Dingle Peninsula in County Kerry, Ireland. The trip was part of a university module on Field Ecology and for the whole two weeks, we were doing just that. In the first week we were split into groups, visiting a different habitat each day to learn about the ecosystem & think about the various biological relationships that exist there. Throughout the week we spent time in the woods, moors, estuary, dunes and on the rocky shores. Inch and the surrounding area are absolutely stunning & on our daily excursions we saw some pretty cool stuff. Here's a few photos before I mention the second week:<br />
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjKcQ0mFHzdqsyH-XkCeglqrSBKUgWISTNXW1XOLg8HKU4BtO1uHj3w3rxoLcJV7k7jqbacRG1CdOeuIXgkDzclVAb_tPrSbZrm8t-_PETvXmBHY_4jQkhbaCJ7oM9zfY9xhypqanw8MvP5/s1600/Screen+Shot+2018-09-23+at+12.25.34.png" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="405" data-original-width="1600" height="160" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjKcQ0mFHzdqsyH-XkCeglqrSBKUgWISTNXW1XOLg8HKU4BtO1uHj3w3rxoLcJV7k7jqbacRG1CdOeuIXgkDzclVAb_tPrSbZrm8t-_PETvXmBHY_4jQkhbaCJ7oM9zfY9xhypqanw8MvP5/s640/Screen+Shot+2018-09-23+at+12.25.34.png" width="640" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">Panoramas from the various habitats we visited... they just don't do the incredible landscapes justice.</td></tr>
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEg-9co6Zt04Qu9hE1HShcWSvfXJnWvHWKL7sP1yvjR2nQv18YCofKCQ7oYXGpshwRL0IXIqCz14DnJsJL60aQqbqw3LBPgPgxe6sr2wD514meOLS5oivoHUvBVpCZ9rKxvxoOKcOQg7gRDe/s1600/IMG_4312+edited+in+LR4+with+white+watermark.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1486" data-original-width="1600" height="297" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEg-9co6Zt04Qu9hE1HShcWSvfXJnWvHWKL7sP1yvjR2nQv18YCofKCQ7oYXGpshwRL0IXIqCz14DnJsJL60aQqbqw3LBPgPgxe6sr2wD514meOLS5oivoHUvBVpCZ9rKxvxoOKcOQg7gRDe/s320/IMG_4312+edited+in+LR4+with+white+watermark.jpg" width="320" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">A Ragworm (<i>Hediste diversicolor</i>) from the rocky shores showing off its segmentation.</td></tr>
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEipa7L21b81xPrtmVLV1ebLxNKVvDiLelM7flMsAcTlcZETOQqZc2iGzGRQ6bAdm9rk6KQIeOCj8QnOB8Lykoyf7-1EmTUzYX2KSKXFfhVtmAgzheShf5AY-CKgb7umcSIHe6x7rEP2Cu__/s1600/IMG_5099.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1200" data-original-width="1600" height="240" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEipa7L21b81xPrtmVLV1ebLxNKVvDiLelM7flMsAcTlcZETOQqZc2iGzGRQ6bAdm9rk6KQIeOCj8QnOB8Lykoyf7-1EmTUzYX2KSKXFfhVtmAgzheShf5AY-CKgb7umcSIHe6x7rEP2Cu__/s320/IMG_5099.jpg" width="320" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">The Kerry Slug (<i>Geomalacus maculosus</i>) in all its speckled glory. <br />
After a brief rain shower we found quite a few of these rare creatures.</td></tr>
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgGazk4_699ATQlRXpppcgY8ctf_BJRizyR_cYShrV3v7mdEQyV3I22vPmPKFVJSBIZPtvONTgNIWsNYrYnxT7GoojHC-FhjmyIGegrN3lr214O5UlyyOC1yPvRR2Z0IEt0RK5paQ7uGUrD/s1600/IMG_5104.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1600" data-original-width="1200" height="320" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgGazk4_699ATQlRXpppcgY8ctf_BJRizyR_cYShrV3v7mdEQyV3I22vPmPKFVJSBIZPtvONTgNIWsNYrYnxT7GoojHC-FhjmyIGegrN3lr214O5UlyyOC1yPvRR2Z0IEt0RK5paQ7uGUrD/s320/IMG_5104.jpg" width="240" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">Round-leaved Sundew (<i>Drosera rotundifolia</i>) was very numerous <br />
among the Sphagnum bogs on the moors.</td></tr>
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjTUE8p5CNJ1EIQ5jKol31NhUzQBAMlVJ3OG12akcm5-ZOt7j0stf34QhL194elOTJisxbMzZfkWPbpMbkFTmgC1ocUCkG0M0v1MYsvj_U-9UjvAJwkeNA3yEKGLOhr3xVDigGtIzkV8pnJ/s1600/IMG_5168.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1600" data-original-width="1165" height="320" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjTUE8p5CNJ1EIQ5jKol31NhUzQBAMlVJ3OG12akcm5-ZOt7j0stf34QhL194elOTJisxbMzZfkWPbpMbkFTmgC1ocUCkG0M0v1MYsvj_U-9UjvAJwkeNA3yEKGLOhr3xVDigGtIzkV8pnJ/s320/IMG_5168.jpg" width="233" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">We found quite a few Wild Pansy (<i>Viola tricolor </i>subsp.<i> curtisii</i>) around the dune system.</td></tr>
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiM3nY5pwC-mC-GvTQD7vlMYiAxyD6Ag8fvkM2xmDglTg836erXx0cQlWLhEczHXcre7_VabTRD23s438kMDsNhOWwg63JNccnOiwRyiY3-OgmZi33bxh7YcazHpd34yP11uYixPXuySG_J/s1600/IMG_5181.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1200" data-original-width="1600" height="240" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiM3nY5pwC-mC-GvTQD7vlMYiAxyD6Ag8fvkM2xmDglTg836erXx0cQlWLhEczHXcre7_VabTRD23s438kMDsNhOWwg63JNccnOiwRyiY3-OgmZi33bxh7YcazHpd34yP11uYixPXuySG_J/s320/IMG_5181.jpg" width="320" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">Lyme Grass (<i>Leymus arenarius</i>) is one of the key pioneer species of the <br />
Inch dunes and is succeeded inland by Marram Grass (<i>Ammophila arenaria</i>).</td></tr>
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The second week of our trip was project week: where we had to get into groups of up to three and design and implement our own project looking at a biological relationship within one of the five habitats. Our group chose to focus on the estuaries (basically so we could look at birds all day), and look at the probing rates of different species of wader and see whether it differed between species and whether it was affected by substrate type or the distance from the shore or tide line. It was really cool watching the behaviour of different birds, and because we were sat in a hide for about six hours each day we also got to see Otters on a few occasions and see some of the waders at very close range which was nice!<br />
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhcRNDfAnbwtzcU_qaAEo_6UKRrEyDGYNXIAwrVNe6yhHVq_naBEc_TPi2PlX9rVeO8wN5NBswa328_vewYXXDc3WxN7-JuoiMP-3JspKsI7pyIDX07gqY5nmPmKbZTherhnSf7LL8xZKoe/s1600/IMG_5097.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="427" data-original-width="1600" height="170" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhcRNDfAnbwtzcU_qaAEo_6UKRrEyDGYNXIAwrVNe6yhHVq_naBEc_TPi2PlX9rVeO8wN5NBswa328_vewYXXDc3WxN7-JuoiMP-3JspKsI7pyIDX07gqY5nmPmKbZTherhnSf7LL8xZKoe/s640/IMG_5097.jpg" width="640" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">Not a bad view!</td></tr>
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjIv-5i2AvTah5jRWF5polGidsy5RGVZZahQjSjFfN4sarenrLrYZiw2dB28kNULVJQ4ZNuNBsDsPhKYiDQhPz8fMRZ4Y0bma7nT6waWgshAIYdUrbu1fuYIGrq-xL8ghWLlL3LLtv1bhLd/s1600/IMG_5253.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="836" data-original-width="1600" height="334" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjIv-5i2AvTah5jRWF5polGidsy5RGVZZahQjSjFfN4sarenrLrYZiw2dB28kNULVJQ4ZNuNBsDsPhKYiDQhPz8fMRZ4Y0bma7nT6waWgshAIYdUrbu1fuYIGrq-xL8ghWLlL3LLtv1bhLd/s640/IMG_5253.jpg" width="640" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">The weather did get pretty grim on one day though - we were very glad to be in the hide and out of the rain!</td></tr>
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhdBF08rILr7VhYCrDsB4Us59NXxv5cALjmb_CRt4TaIh4mmBC0T3gw_1RSOHV-AFULbjrZOegQApuXwNZ6iYvpX894mv0KKx8KiD002J3-24mFmXai8vI9jmkLBbK1GL8x-n2QczDI1WuT/s1600/IMG_5248.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1600" data-original-width="1391" height="320" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhdBF08rILr7VhYCrDsB4Us59NXxv5cALjmb_CRt4TaIh4mmBC0T3gw_1RSOHV-AFULbjrZOegQApuXwNZ6iYvpX894mv0KKx8KiD002J3-24mFmXai8vI9jmkLBbK1GL8x-n2QczDI1WuT/s320/IMG_5248.jpg" width="278" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">After we'd finished with project work each day we went birding for a bit longer & came across a few interesting things that had been washed up on the beach, including the remains of a Triggerfish.</td></tr>
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We also managed to do a bit of birding after we'd finished project work each day and we saw a fair bit, although no Semi-palmated Sandpipers or Plovers, despite much searching! Highlights were 248 Curlew, 40 odd Greenshanks, 1000's of Common Scoters on the sea and a female/immature Hen Harrier which we got superb scope views of! Non-birding highlights mainly came from a few evening/night walks along the beach to check for stranded Manxies (none found luckily) and included my first Natterjack Toads and By-the-wind Sailors!!<br />
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiAo9R2HxuXZ3RtyeLW-wIbahoq1S1_HROFOUl2QCfSXgFIV3oLpyAyHrtmKnMe2SCCdpwmIha1269psaGrYhkw2T1IqvBbh2qhBr35APja1G2F6n_vGRMFwGO23cXuYVhW8iFvTV2wRZN1/s1600/IMG_5329.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1200" data-original-width="1600" height="240" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiAo9R2HxuXZ3RtyeLW-wIbahoq1S1_HROFOUl2QCfSXgFIV3oLpyAyHrtmKnMe2SCCdpwmIha1269psaGrYhkw2T1IqvBbh2qhBr35APja1G2F6n_vGRMFwGO23cXuYVhW8iFvTV2wRZN1/s320/IMG_5329.jpg" width="320" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">Natterjack Toad (<i>Epidalea calamita</i>). One of a few <br />
found among the high tide line on the beach.</td></tr>
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhfVzo2pDp0b1_Z2sm77MrqbdbKzXnyT33hrymlMDkOLP5OIgbPteiRoT7jV-m7AV3Tw9p8CohcYkit2ucbintJxLACYWh9BV3J09tcRmeW9AoE9LjEjHAQY_mjuRDQn9FBLhH4X_tfjbuB/s1600/IMG_5340.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1158" data-original-width="1600" height="231" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhfVzo2pDp0b1_Z2sm77MrqbdbKzXnyT33hrymlMDkOLP5OIgbPteiRoT7jV-m7AV3Tw9p8CohcYkit2ucbintJxLACYWh9BV3J09tcRmeW9AoE9LjEjHAQY_mjuRDQn9FBLhH4X_tfjbuB/s320/IMG_5340.jpg" width="320" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">One of two By-the-wind Sailors (<i>Velella velella</i>) we found along the tide line. <br />
Such amazing creatures & one I have wanted to see for a while now!</td></tr>
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Josie Hewitthttp://www.blogger.com/profile/07680294745952338878noreply@blogger.com2tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-9093798942370475328.post-61917619908299174792018-05-01T13:40:00.000+01:002018-05-08T10:15:59.986+01:00Marsh-marigold<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on">
Marsh-marigold (<i>Caltha palustris</i>), also known as 'kingcups' is a medium-sized member of the buttercup family <i>Ranunculaceae</i>. Growing up to 80cm high, this colourful plant is found in wet meadows, marshes and wet woodlands, and grows particularly well in the shade. Its flowers are quite large - between 15-50mm in diameter, and it is one of the early flowering plants, with flowers appearing in March and lasting until June/July. In autumn, the plants die back down and overwinters with buds near the surface fo the marshy soil.<br />
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjj0oJdK2OM83u4GF35wfjNlDWEENsi_hiJnv4EMer_6WqY8bVS2eDxSHLnK-EfjHChmYDQCeNjh_m0vOXkzaF9yqXEviqaZKuMMGFNoTfFhXNtxmqOzp__waSYpG_GuAvcAaJK6n64hALc/s1600/IMG_0156+edited+in+LR4.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1419" data-original-width="1600" height="283" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjj0oJdK2OM83u4GF35wfjNlDWEENsi_hiJnv4EMer_6WqY8bVS2eDxSHLnK-EfjHChmYDQCeNjh_m0vOXkzaF9yqXEviqaZKuMMGFNoTfFhXNtxmqOzp__waSYpG_GuAvcAaJK6n64hALc/s320/IMG_0156+edited+in+LR4.jpg" width="320" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">Marsh-marigold (<i>Caltha palustris</i>) growing along the broad at UEA.</td></tr>
</tbody></table>
<br />
In terms of its ecology, Marsh-marigold only grows in freshwater locations with oxygen-rich water near the surface of the soil. It is quite a good bioindicator of pollution as it avoids areas with fertiliser application and high levels of phosphate and ammonia. However, it is often associated with iron-rich seepages because iron reacts with phosphate, thus making it unavailable for plants. In the UK, Marsh-marigold is quite widespread and its population remains fairly stable, however, it is locally threatened by drainage and agricultural improvement of wet grassland habitats.<br />
<br />
<i>C. palustris</i> is an extremely variable species, with many different combinations of its features having been observed. There are however, 5 main varieties that are widely recognised:<br />
<ol style="text-align: left;">
<li><i>C. palustris</i> var <i>palustris</i> which has yellow sepals, tricolpate pollen (pollen with 3 furrows) and is not rooting at the nodes. </li>
<li><i>C. palustris</i> var <i>radicans</i> which also has yellow sepals and tricolpate pollen, but is distinguished by the plants being smaller and with fewer flowers on the stems as well as rooting at the nodes after flowering.</li>
<li><i>C. palustris</i> var <i>araneosa</i> also has yellow sepals and tricolpate pollen, however the plants are larger, and have many flowers on the stem and only occurs in the fresh water tidal zones of the Netherlands.</li>
<li><i>C. palustris</i> var <i>alba</i> has white sepals, usually pantoporate (with rounded opening all over the surface) pollen (although sometimes tricolpate), and is only found between 2200 and 3500m along rivulets in Afghanistan, Pakistan and the western Himalayas.</li>
<li><i>C. palustris</i> var <i>purpurea</i> has magenta sepals, tricolpate pollen and is only found between 4000-5000m on alpine meadows and mossy slopes in the eastern Himalayas.</li>
</ol>
<br />
Despite some serious safety concerns, people use the flowering parts of Marsh-marigold that live above ground to try and treat a variety of ailments, including cramps, jaundice and liver problems. Some people also put Marsh-marigold directly on the skin to clean wounds and sores. However, there is no evidence that Marsh-marigold actually works to treat any of these conditions and as with all buttercups it is poisonous and can cause skin irritation, so you shouldn't try it at home!<br />
<br />
<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiwvQ41o3M1G1MxPmSdWS93d5Dkh4amdvPJmXyLkAaCSFV3aNFPYN3XfMkBskZvDHbqK-qPFZGjBc4MunZOtHZYAzflfzHQI04misVNc_IuAWnIZO_HLRs3Pos2XBMmfci9FXwdZDSMhVgl/s1600/IMG_0167+edited+in+LR4.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1600" data-original-width="1200" height="320" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiwvQ41o3M1G1MxPmSdWS93d5Dkh4amdvPJmXyLkAaCSFV3aNFPYN3XfMkBskZvDHbqK-qPFZGjBc4MunZOtHZYAzflfzHQI04misVNc_IuAWnIZO_HLRs3Pos2XBMmfci9FXwdZDSMhVgl/s320/IMG_0167+edited+in+LR4.jpg" width="239" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">Marsh-marigold (<i>Caltha palustris</i>) with a Hoverfly species assisting with pollination.</td></tr>
</tbody></table>
</div>
Josie Hewitthttp://www.blogger.com/profile/07680294745952338878noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-9093798942370475328.post-60444152284066939072018-04-28T16:48:00.002+01:002018-04-28T17:10:59.868+01:00Foxley Wood<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on">
Yesterday we headed to <a href="http://www.norfolkwildlifetrust.org.uk/wildlife-in-norfolk/nature-reserves/reserves/foxley-wood#TabsReserveTabs_TabAbout" target="_blank">Foxley Wood</a>, which is about 30 minutes NW of Norwich, on an Ecology field trip. The purpose of our visit was to learn about coppicing as a management strategy, ancient woodland indicator species and to have a go at some plant identification. Unfortunately, we didn't do much of the latter due to the terrible weather.<br />
<br />
Foxley Wood is Norfolk's largest remaining ancient woodland and over 350 flowering plants have been recorded on the site. This includes one of the UK's least known native trees: the Wild Service Tree <i>Sorbus torminalis</i>, which is rather inconspicuous for most of the year, until it becomes covered with white blossom in late spring and its leaves turn a coppery-red colour in autumn.<br />
<br />
Coppicing is an ancient woodland management technique that is used extensively at Foxley Wood in order to maintain a matrix of woodland growth stages to benefit biodiversity. Coppicing involves felling the same stumps near ground level and then allowing shoots to regrow from that stump, whilst also leaving certain large trees (standards), typically mature oaks. Where coppicing occurs, the woodland is often divided into blocks and coppiced on a rotational cycle of about 15 years in order to maintain a variety of woodland ages. Historically, coppicing was used to produce numerous straight stems from each coppiced stump, which would then be used for posts, fencing and firewood.<br />
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<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiFWvVylU-UJmOW1jQcnvuAFAquZJ8MyT3HGV6Zh7HeYF5OPFJHl_WwBHStA8NC4Rh3pfyQA0l-YbyXxFiFPbFIykUFzOK_1RUnIKYhGaEXKCyA9nUt0OaHNfxRQKzCvxFOKlfKd2TuLFxN/s1600/31023819_970571829764145_395908735_o.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1600" data-original-width="1158" height="320" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiFWvVylU-UJmOW1jQcnvuAFAquZJ8MyT3HGV6Zh7HeYF5OPFJHl_WwBHStA8NC4Rh3pfyQA0l-YbyXxFiFPbFIykUFzOK_1RUnIKYhGaEXKCyA9nUt0OaHNfxRQKzCvxFOKlfKd2TuLFxN/s320/31023819_970571829764145_395908735_o.jpg" width="231" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">Coppiced Hazel tree showing the numerous new stems <br />
growing from the coppiced base.</td></tr>
</tbody></table>
<br />
During our wander around Foxley Wood, it was really interesting to see the different ages of coppice blocks and to be able to compare and contrast it with the ancient woodland and grazed areas. This allowed us to see first hand the effects of the different management practices and I found it particularly interesting to see the stark differences in the under storey between the coppiced areas and the ancient woodland, and also how the plant assemblages changed too.<br />
<br />
<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjnhXmvkL_3RRpNOaUp6YBVTzYMf0R7KcxRG9e5cXPr-pZdHx0xaCA2Jk83_gpt_kDYuAko0FUYLDVBVWXiyjQmric5U_ttBWa8JRdCyeXKlMb6j698pSxaND_wBf7HKLHkNFQBNLrVnEpj/s1600/coppice+vs+not.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="640" data-original-width="1600" height="160" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjnhXmvkL_3RRpNOaUp6YBVTzYMf0R7KcxRG9e5cXPr-pZdHx0xaCA2Jk83_gpt_kDYuAko0FUYLDVBVWXiyjQmric5U_ttBWa8JRdCyeXKlMb6j698pSxaND_wBf7HKLHkNFQBNLrVnEpj/s400/coppice+vs+not.jpg" width="400" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">Coppiced woodland with standards (left) compared to Ancient woodland (right)<br />
Very different under storeys in the two areas with it being much denser in <br />
coppiced areas and much thinner in the ancient woodland.</td></tr>
</tbody></table>
<br />
One of the main aims of our trip was to learn about ancient woodland indicator species (AWIs), and despite the weather, we managed to locate quite a few of the early flowering AWIs that are found at Foxley Wood. The term ancient woodland refers to land that has had continuous woodland cover since at least 1600AD, and AWIs are a group of species, typically vascular plants (but also some invertebrates and lichens), that are more common in ancient woodland than in recent sites and display a number of characteristics:<br />
<br />
<ol style="text-align: left;">
<li>Rarely occur outside of woodland, and if they do, then they indicate a long temporal continuity of woodland cover.</li>
<li>Capable of growing in shade, though don't necessarily grow exclusively in shade.</li>
<li>Reliable indicators, in at least part of the region being surveyed.</li>
<li>Slow colonisers - normally have a small seed shadow, meaning that seeds don't disperse very far each year, so colonisation of new areas is slow.</li>
</ol>
<br />
There are approximately 100 plant species that are thought to be good indicators of a woodland's age, and when a woodland shows more than about 10 of these indicator species, it is likely that the wood has existed for a long time. AWIs vary between the different regions of the UK and finding one AWI species alone is not enough to determine a woodland's age, but finding combinations of AWIs suggests different things about the woodland's age.<br />
<br />
<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEg1QI71eqvCJ9VBxVlgkIAyYrtAqRjOORfAPmRv2BYl1vzsGHYOqvsPKacKSzwZYLnodNlOjx4dqtFBNYkyCOTfDyao7aXnRVdNZ6KPaCr_V7ajMFfvCag7fdkunxHeVHMJb2QvOKfURW5L/s1600/30998385_970569459764382_2028576965_o.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1200" data-original-width="1600" height="240" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEg1QI71eqvCJ9VBxVlgkIAyYrtAqRjOORfAPmRv2BYl1vzsGHYOqvsPKacKSzwZYLnodNlOjx4dqtFBNYkyCOTfDyao7aXnRVdNZ6KPaCr_V7ajMFfvCag7fdkunxHeVHMJb2QvOKfURW5L/s320/30998385_970569459764382_2028576965_o.jpg" width="320" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">A carpet of Honeysuckle (<i>Lonicera periclymenum</i>) - one of the 12 ancient <br />
woodland indicator species that we were looking for.</td></tr>
</tbody></table>
<br />
While at Foxley Wood, we were on the lookout for 12 AWI plant species, and despite the dreary weather we managed to find 7 of them. One of the AWI species that we managed to find was Wood-sorrel <i>Oxalis acetosella</i> (also known as Common Oxalis). The <i>Oxalis</i> part of the binomial is due to the presence of oxalic acid within members of the genus, while <i>acetosella</i> is in reference to its sour taste. Wood-sorrel is a small plant that flowers between April and May. It has white flowers which droop down until the dappled sunlight reaches them, upon which the flowers tilt upwards. Each flower has 5 petals and tiny, purple veins. The leaves of Wood-sorrel are trefoil and fold down into a tent during the night, but flatten out again during the day.<br />
<br />
<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEi5RGCOgm5cpEoZ8zHewSttdIWraUcci9w6yDD0rLdIaULjIl2HG-_g_01YySKthxOfSFGO39BokWNQd9DK_JG_YnqkxcyXlDmVcDVgBL2aqGyCInmfmdstFn9Xho0kdA88w_3YMap8Xile/s1600/wood-sorrel.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="640" data-original-width="1600" height="160" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEi5RGCOgm5cpEoZ8zHewSttdIWraUcci9w6yDD0rLdIaULjIl2HG-_g_01YySKthxOfSFGO39BokWNQd9DK_JG_YnqkxcyXlDmVcDVgBL2aqGyCInmfmdstFn9Xho0kdA88w_3YMap8Xile/s400/wood-sorrel.jpg" width="400" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">Wood-sorrel leaves (left) - © Phil Dowling & Wood-sorrel in flower (right) - © <a href="https://bit.ly/2FmzKIV">https://bit.ly/2FmzKIV</a></td></tr>
</tbody></table>
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Apparently, all parts of Wood-sorrel plants are edible, and the leaves (fresh or dried) are often used in alternative medicines. The leaves are said to have diuretic, antiscorbutic and refrigerant actions, and a decotion (an extract made by mashing, then boiling the plant) made from the pleasantly acidic leaves is used for high fevers, both to quench thirst and allay the fever itself. Although it may be consumed freely, excess consumption should be avoided as the oxalic salts are not suitable for all constitutions and may have unwanted effects.<br />
<br />
<u><br /></u>
<u>Further reading:</u><br />
<br />
<ul style="text-align: left;">
<li>JNCC publication on "<a href="http://jncc.defra.gov.uk/pdf/pubs93_Coppicedwoodlands.pdf" target="_blank">Coppiced Woodlands: their management for wildlife</a>"</li>
<li>English Nature "<a href="http://www.derbyshirebiodiversity.org.uk/news/files/Ancient_Woodland.pdf" target="_blank">Ancient Woodland</a>"</li>
<li><a href="http://www.countrysideinfo.co.uk/woodland_manage/indicatr.htm" target="_blank">Ancient Woodland Indicator Species</a></li>
</ul>
<div>
<br /></div>
</div>
Josie Hewitthttp://www.blogger.com/profile/07680294745952338878noreply@blogger.com1tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-9093798942370475328.post-32733006968203423772018-04-25T15:00:00.000+01:002018-05-05T17:14:43.093+01:00Garlic Mustard<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on">
Garlic Mustard <i>Alliaria petiolata</i> is a biennial plant in the mustard family (Brassicaceae). As it is biennial, it takes two years to complete its lifecycle. In its first year of growth, the plant grows slightly wrinkled leaves which are round in shape and smell like garlic when crushed. Flowering occurs in the second year of its lifecycle, and the plant produces white, cross-shaped flowers in a dense bunch at the top of the plant, which appear from April through to June.<br />
<br />
At a glance, Garlic Mustard plants resemble nettles, however they can be distinguished by their smooth, hairless leaves which are somewhat heart-shaped, as well as the terminal clusters of the small, white flowers. Garlic Mustard can grow up to 1m tall and are found in a variety of habitats, including wood margins, hedgerows, roadsides and shady places. It is a native species which is found throughout the UK, being very common in England and Wales.<br />
<br />
<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEi_YEb4WV6vvtegm4dFNmuCLAmJl5vbiaR-CLpbg2eyWO_4ZHLH-mA3j9MEsyP19vht9H1-HG-fWw3u3hquT0hem71xlh3ZCm3q1noEVB8-0FSKlxP7Emh_dwfdTKuvwdCiydqifsSubhAI/s1600/31689229_972254876262507_5171288319719374848_n.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1600" data-original-width="1200" height="400" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEi_YEb4WV6vvtegm4dFNmuCLAmJl5vbiaR-CLpbg2eyWO_4ZHLH-mA3j9MEsyP19vht9H1-HG-fWw3u3hquT0hem71xlh3ZCm3q1noEVB8-0FSKlxP7Emh_dwfdTKuvwdCiydqifsSubhAI/s400/31689229_972254876262507_5171288319719374848_n.jpg" width="300" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">Garlic Mustard (<i>Alliaria petiolata</i>) in flower on the UEA campus - it is very<br />
common among the nettles in the shady, wooded areas.</td></tr>
</tbody></table>
<br />
Garlic Mustard has a long history of use in food and medicine, being one of the oldest known spices used in cooking in Europe - archaeological evidence of its use in the Baltic dates back to 4100-3700 B.C.E. It is not really used in medicine any more, but was once used as a disinfectant or diuretic. Garlic Mustard has a variety of cooking uses, with the chopped leaves used to flavour salads and sauces, including pesto. The young leaves are preferable for this use as they provide a mild flavour of garlic and mustard; sometimes the flowers and fruits are used as well! In France, the seeds are also used, often to directly season food.<br />
<br />
In Europe, 69 species of herbivorous insects are associated with Garlic Mustard, as well as 7 species of fungus. These include various members of weevils (especially the genus <i>Ceutorhynchus</i>), leaf beetles (Chrysomelids), butterflies and moths (Lepidoptera). Garlic Mustard is even a food plant for the larvae of the Garden Carpet moth.<br />
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Josie Hewitthttp://www.blogger.com/profile/07680294745952338878noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-9093798942370475328.post-8372682795172031952018-04-20T21:00:00.000+01:002018-05-05T14:33:30.102+01:00Dendrocoelum lacteum<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on">
<i>Dendrocoelum lacteum</i> is one of only 12 species of freshwater triclads found in Britain and Ireland.<br />
<br />
The Tricladia are named as such due to the three main branches of the alimentary canal. Tricladia are a sub-order of the Turbellaria which sits within the phylum Platyhelminthes. Turbellaria are a globally widespread group, with new species continuing to be described. They also occur in such large numbers in some lakes that they are considered a significant components of aquatic communities.<br />
<br />
Due to their dorso-ventral flattening, Triclads are commonly referred to as "flatworms". The adults range in size from approximately 8-15mm in length. All except one of the 12 British & Irish (B&I) species are normally found in the surface waters of lakes and streams, where they feed on a variety of prey species, including isopods (woodlice etc.), gastropods (snails and slugs) and oligochaetes (worms). Each species has its own realised niche though, which has evolved to allow coexistence. For example, <i>D. lacteum</i> feeds mostly on isopods, while <i>Dugesia polychroa</i> prefers snails and <i>Polycelis nigra</i> and <i>Polycelis tenuis</i> favour the oligochaetes.<br />
<br />
<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjQItVBcyywuSRJQpLFElFj4EgkrKAQvpFTB9utO_FuPQ_3xL0hIE1gmX-yq590DZFtlzUrlCGPhHJ2xVxUhlmYRPI0WAdvgIylYCYTDVtnIp0ZSISE-ikCviJFxUN_1srIjzuJwrnm_5b0/s1600/30772107_968643386623656_1088304407_o.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1600" data-original-width="1004" height="320" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjQItVBcyywuSRJQpLFElFj4EgkrKAQvpFTB9utO_FuPQ_3xL0hIE1gmX-yq590DZFtlzUrlCGPhHJ2xVxUhlmYRPI0WAdvgIylYCYTDVtnIp0ZSISE-ikCviJFxUN_1srIjzuJwrnm_5b0/s320/30772107_968643386623656_1088304407_o.jpg" width="200" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">Illustrations of 11 of the 12 species of triclad that have been found in Britain & Ireland. <br />
Taken from "A key to the freshwater triclads of Britain & Ireland" <br />
by T.B. Reynoldson and J.O. Young.</td></tr>
</tbody></table>
<br />
British freshwater triclads can be categorised into two groups: those that are found in lakes, and those that inhabit streams, however this distinction is not absolute. When they are found in lakes, triclads prefer sheltered, stony shores and are most abundant in shallow waters up to a depth of 30-35cm.<br />
<br />
On the continent, stream-favouring species are spatially separated downstream, with <i>Crenobia alpina</i> (and sometimes <i>Phagocata vitta</i>) found near the source, with <i>Polycelis felina</i> occurring further downstream, followed by <i>Dugesia gonocephala </i>(not recorded in B&I). A similar pattern of distribution can also be seen in Britain, with <i>P. nigra</i> inhabiting the lower reaches of streams and rivers, however <i>C. alpina</i> and <i>P. felina</i> can cause complications as both occur along the length of short streams (although there is often spatial separation related to stream gradient).<br />
<br />
<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhw2AgIvxFdTfyn5wSsM2bZdDvWuHw-rLCpE1NXWQ_wJACqqYUDLI25vgOTRXdNa8JnA_ZuxjuG3Sa-GfFwHbS60hIpmpcJ1OQvkJn9l_6P8FhW4yaeF4E7VTAyLsVI9-7E4Pt4dmN7Lyyk/s1600/30867703_968645423290119_1322166679_o.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1600" data-original-width="1236" height="320" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhw2AgIvxFdTfyn5wSsM2bZdDvWuHw-rLCpE1NXWQ_wJACqqYUDLI25vgOTRXdNa8JnA_ZuxjuG3Sa-GfFwHbS60hIpmpcJ1OQvkJn9l_6P8FhW4yaeF4E7VTAyLsVI9-7E4Pt4dmN7Lyyk/s320/30867703_968645423290119_1322166679_o.jpg" width="247" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><i>P. nigra/tenuis</i> (left) & <i>D. lacteum</i> (right) </td></tr>
</tbody></table>
<br />
Triclads are interesting in terms of their reproduction, because different species reproduce either sexually, asexually (by fission & regeneration) or both! Asexual reproduction is though to have evolved secondarily in the Dugesiidae and Planariidae families, to allow reproduction even when food is limiting. Another interesting thing is that pseudogamic reproduction is common among several species. This is where sperm is necessary to stimulate egg development, but no male chromosomal material is incorporated into the egg nucleus!<br />
<br />
Of the lentic species (those living in still waters such as lakes), there are two main types of life histories: <i>D. lacteum</i>, <i>Bdellocephala punctata</i> and <i>Planaria torva</i> are 'annuals' that die after their spring breeding season, meanwhile <i>P. nigra</i>, <i>P. tenuis</i>, <i>D. polychroa</i> and <i>D. lugubris</i> don't die after breeding. The latter group exhibit iteroparity, breeding numerous times during their lifespan, while the former group exhibit semelparity, which is where they breed once and then die. No one really knows why these two life histories have evolved, but there are many different hypotheses, including a relation to their feeding strategies or a reduction in interspecific competition.<br />
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<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiPj3_vdBWNIyVAYvsQ2Pzi1EngC2ZdRgU_YW54BYzBxkyxq79QBJDasL5vxUfUI6AUNpr9Q9diBkSxRVAGVSjsJwqnN-tRlMi2fAG_FFct0gCsObi4-2xalKKa8oS22GCVgGu3p0BOZzFg/s1600/IMG_9232+edited+in+LR4.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1600" data-original-width="1143" height="320" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiPj3_vdBWNIyVAYvsQ2Pzi1EngC2ZdRgU_YW54BYzBxkyxq79QBJDasL5vxUfUI6AUNpr9Q9diBkSxRVAGVSjsJwqnN-tRlMi2fAG_FFct0gCsObi4-2xalKKa8oS22GCVgGu3p0BOZzFg/s320/IMG_9232+edited+in+LR4.jpg" width="228" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><i>Dendrocoelum lacteum</i> showing the 2 'eyes' in the top left and the internal <br />
structures throughout. Specimen collected from the River Yare.</td></tr>
</tbody></table>
<br />
According to the 2009-2011 Biodiversity Audit, 5 species of triclad have been recorded on the UEA campus. One of these is <i>Dendrocoelum lacteum</i>, a pale and fairly large species of freshwater triclad, and one that I recently found a specimen of in a still part of the River Yare. It is a lentic species which ranges between 14-25mm in length. In the UK, it is quite common and is most frequently found in productive lakes where the calcium concentration is at least 10mg per litre. <i>D. lacteum</i> predominantly feeds on <i>Asellus</i> isopods and the triclad's distribution is closely linked with that of its prey, providing <i>D. lacteum</i> with a "food refuge". In order to capture intact prey, <i>D. lacteum</i> moves faster than the Planariid species, and has a shallow anterior pseudo-sucker. Its distribution in Britain is mostly curtailed by interspecific competition and has not yet spread into northern Scotland or the western islands.<br />
<br />
<u>Further reading:</u><br />
<br />
<ul style="text-align: left;">
<li>"A Key to the Freshwater Triclads of Britain and Ireland with notes on their ecology" by T.B. Reynoldson and J.O. Young - <a href="https://bit.ly/2FcoUVV">https://bit.ly/2FcoUVV</a></li>
</ul>
</div>
Josie Hewitthttp://www.blogger.com/profile/07680294745952338878noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-9093798942370475328.post-85681794273568536622018-04-19T13:15:00.000+01:002018-05-08T11:36:58.603+01:00Lesser Celandine<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on">
Lesser Celandine (<i>Ficaria verna</i>) is one of the first signs of spring, with flowers appearing in late February/March. It is often present in large colonies along woodland floors, with its distinctive heart-shaped leaves forming a lush green carpet, punctuated with its bright yellow flowers. The flowers are between 2-4cm in diameter and have 3 sepals and between 7-12 petals. Lesser Celandine is plant characteristic of woodlands, and is often used as an Ancient Woodland Indicator species. However some caution must be used, as it can also be found in hedgerows, damp pastures and river/stream sides.<br />
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<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjgwoLu1lRUdRN5MHq3i1BdKmd7dSbi-0PI5qeoXVjt_b5Ong-tSbNxCGrMOPhhi7X8O4PKi-jY2gDJiEUbjjS5rWZ0Meo4xKIpVqUncet8dyfgLcpsPrUZKBViDZeK7M2_ln2tMqLAZ3DW/s1600/31950083_974264336061561_2264237845700935680_n.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1600" data-original-width="1200" height="320" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjgwoLu1lRUdRN5MHq3i1BdKmd7dSbi-0PI5qeoXVjt_b5Ong-tSbNxCGrMOPhhi7X8O4PKi-jY2gDJiEUbjjS5rWZ0Meo4xKIpVqUncet8dyfgLcpsPrUZKBViDZeK7M2_ln2tMqLAZ3DW/s320/31950083_974264336061561_2264237845700935680_n.jpg" width="240" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">A atch of Lesser Celandine (Ficaria verna) growing<br />
in the woods near the Broad on the UEA campus.</td></tr>
</tbody></table>
<br />
There are many different subspecies of Lesser Celandine, however <i>Ficaria verna</i> <i>sensu lato</i> is native to central Europe, north Africa and Caucasus. It is not native to North America, though it has been introduced to many parts and is now considered as an invasive species. As with <a href="http://blog.josiehewittphotography.co.uk/2018/05/marsh-marigold.html" target="_blank">Marsh-marigold</a>, and all other species in the <i>Ranunculaceae</i> family, Lesser Celandine contains a compound called ranunculin, which turns into the toxin protoanemonin when the plant is wounded. Contact with damaged/crushed <i>Ficaria</i> leaves can cause itching, rashes or blistering and ingesting the toxin can cause nausea, vomiting, dizziness or paralysis. Due to its potential toxicity and its proliferation, Lesser Celandine has been banned or listed as a noxious weed in several US states.<br />
<br />
It is actually possible to neutralise the toxicity of Lesser Celandine, and there are a few different methods that can be used. Simply drying out the plant is effective as the protoanemonin changes to the non-toxic anemonin, which is further broken down into non-toxic dicarboxylic acids. Cooking the plants also eliminates the toxicity, and after cooking or drying the plant can be incorporated into food or herbal medicines... Lesser Celandine has long been used by herbalists as a treatment for haemorrhoids, by applying an ointment of raw leaves as a cream to the affected area. Luckily most modern guides point out that medicines should be made from the dried herb or by heat extraction due to the toxicity of raw or untreated plant or leaf extracts.<br />
<br /></div>
Josie Hewitthttp://www.blogger.com/profile/07680294745952338878noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-9093798942370475328.post-81774972387551931332018-04-18T13:11:00.000+01:002018-05-08T10:55:51.838+01:00Cuckooflower<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on">
Cuckooflower (<i>Cardamine pratensis</i>), also known as Lady's-smock due to its emergence around Lady's day, is an unbranched perennial (lasts for 2+ years) that can grow up to 60cm tall. It is incredibly variable and its flowers can be any shade of white, yellow, pink or purple. The flowers themselves are 12-18mm across, with each of the 4 petals being about 3x as long as the sepals. There are two types of leaves, with the basal leaves being pinnate and forming a rosette, with the terminal (end) leaflet being larger than the lateral leaflets. The leaves on the upper part of the stem are all narrow (as can be seen in the photo below).<br />
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<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgEc5Xqs9ZEF9IOM_Jp4Uf_Do201eSYF-krlfFZF8skjFXM_ZIZwGGS1iobHzM7zcjBexwDDnG-5znTub2vA308xr4JUcqLY5mz4LNnt86eqg3qOJAdj7cWmQX1Kr6Y2BIw4YaGUKufRHtn/s1600/31946169_974261486061846_1214345000138047488_n.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1600" data-original-width="1200" height="320" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgEc5Xqs9ZEF9IOM_Jp4Uf_Do201eSYF-krlfFZF8skjFXM_ZIZwGGS1iobHzM7zcjBexwDDnG-5znTub2vA308xr4JUcqLY5mz4LNnt86eqg3qOJAdj7cWmQX1Kr6Y2BIw4YaGUKufRHtn/s320/31946169_974261486061846_1214345000138047488_n.jpg" width="240" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">The upper stem leaves of Cuckooflower (<i>Cardamine pratensis</i>)</td></tr>
</tbody></table>
<br />
<i>C. pratensis</i> is a common, native species, which is widespread throughout the UK and all of Europe (except the Mediterranean). It is not overly picky in its preferred habitats, and as such, can be found up to 1080m in damp grasslands, marshes, roadsides, hedgerows and stream sides. The flowering season of Cuckooflower is between April and June and it gets its common name because the emergence of the flowers often coincides with the spring arrival of the first Cuckoos in the UK.<br />
<br />
<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEihWi2K1Kf3K8Clgar1dKo2NwU-hEd_TdGYnsZRe4Q8tvV84x-DAu1qC4HOBckeXTEH9YZS5_vt6kVl18L4larHibd9ayOq2iQpePsGOWZFQw3aJfLrv5CH6h5ZSbOKNukdV4fMZt64B-H9/s1600/31919511_974261442728517_8488166810800095232_n.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1600" data-original-width="1200" height="320" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEihWi2K1Kf3K8Clgar1dKo2NwU-hEd_TdGYnsZRe4Q8tvV84x-DAu1qC4HOBckeXTEH9YZS5_vt6kVl18L4larHibd9ayOq2iQpePsGOWZFQw3aJfLrv5CH6h5ZSbOKNukdV4fMZt64B-H9/s320/31919511_974261442728517_8488166810800095232_n.jpg" width="240" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">The lilac coloured flowers of Cuckooflower (<i>Cardamine pratensis</i>)</td></tr>
</tbody></table>
<br />
There are many wive's tales associated with the Cuckooflower in different countries. Legend has it that the plant is sacred to fairies and anyone who took them indoors would be hit with bad luck. In Germany, it was believed that anyone who picked the Cuckooflowers would be struck by lightning and in France, the Cuckooflower was thought to be the Adder's favourite and so if you picked them, you would get bitten by an Adder before the following May.<br />
<br />
Many species of pollinating insects are attracted to Cuckooflowers, and it is one of the food plants for the Orange Tip butterfly (<i>Anthocharis cardamines</i>). There is some historic medicinal use of Cuckooflower, whereby it is said to be slightly excitant and anti-scorbutic as well as sometimes being used as a diuretic. However, by 1900, the use of Cuckooflower in herbal medicine had greatly declined, except that an infusion was taken to aid digestion. Modern day uses of Cuckooflower mainly revolve around dried samples being used in infusions or as a compress to help treat rheumatic pains. The young leaves, young stems and flowers are all edible and are often included in salads as they are said to taste like watercress.<br />
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Josie Hewitthttp://www.blogger.com/profile/07680294745952338878noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-9093798942370475328.post-38332535708490429812018-04-17T14:04:00.000+01:002018-05-05T16:10:22.599+01:00Dark-edged Bee-fly<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on">
In Britain, there are only four species of Bee-fly in the genus <i>Bombylius. </i>These are: <i>B. canescens</i>, <i>B. minor</i>, <i>B. discolor</i> and <i>B. major</i>. Of these 4, <i>B. canescens</i> and <i>B. minor</i> are the rarest, with the former mainly confined to the open, flowery habitats of south-west England and south Wales, and the latter only recorded in Dorset and the Isle of Man in recent times. <i>B. discolor</i> is more common than the previous pair, however it is still largely confined to southern England and the south Wales coast, though records from Warwickshire indicate that it is spreading north.<br />
<br />
<i>Bombylius major</i> is the most common of the 4 British <i>Bombylius</i> species and is easily distinguished from the others by the solid dark band on the leading edge on the wings. This feature has also inspired its imaginative name of the 'Dark-edged Bee-fly'. Its distribution covers practically all of England and Wales, and the some parts of Scotland. It is also the only species of <i>Bombylius</i> found on the UEA campus.<br />
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<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhc1dV2dh37ewGUJrDV-QRr2juQb1DyBT-GvwisyEi_3xE4wmlepRy2XR8FJ338fY6qoEPY7jh9-z_trk5mS_vVJn3-84vf7BATEI9fDKy4gDe4UkCLYCc8Ay6AIBXkikyRex36Sk-BzbOT/s1600/Screen+Shot+2018-05-05+at+15.12.53.png" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="822" data-original-width="738" height="320" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhc1dV2dh37ewGUJrDV-QRr2juQb1DyBT-GvwisyEi_3xE4wmlepRy2XR8FJ338fY6qoEPY7jh9-z_trk5mS_vVJn3-84vf7BATEI9fDKy4gDe4UkCLYCc8Ay6AIBXkikyRex36Sk-BzbOT/s320/Screen+Shot+2018-05-05+at+15.12.53.png" width="287" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><i>Bombylius major</i> distribution map © <a href="https://species.nbnatlas.org/species/NBNSYS0000007943" target="_blank">NBN Atlas</a></td></tr>
</tbody></table>
<br />
Bee-flies are named as such because they are flies which mimic and parasitise bees. They are fairly large for a fly, with the body length of <i>B. major</i> measuring 6-12.5mm (not including the extended proboscis). <i>Bombylius</i> species generally inhabit open areas, such as gardens, grasslands and open woodland clearings, although the Western and Heath Bee-flies (<i>B. canescens</i> and <i>B. minor</i>) require more specialist habitats.<br />
<br />
<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhTlRRFRy4cBR3ICp7fHQeIbGMhVlfUL32BHAZ7PzHtXiasjpIQq1Hr3n_uWpanTI65e2p7iLH-W0JgW1Z9oTbdJ3ZMO8U90g1Onw69WIOE2lHqJ4u34gb374yRmIuR2-GwdLN7LWGlKTrN/s1600/3A0A4814+edited+in+LR4.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1172" data-original-width="1600" height="234" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhTlRRFRy4cBR3ICp7fHQeIbGMhVlfUL32BHAZ7PzHtXiasjpIQq1Hr3n_uWpanTI65e2p7iLH-W0JgW1Z9oTbdJ3ZMO8U90g1Onw69WIOE2lHqJ4u34gb374yRmIuR2-GwdLN7LWGlKTrN/s320/3A0A4814+edited+in+LR4.jpg" width="320" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">Dark-edged Bee-fly (<i>Bombylius major</i>) at rest on the UEA campus, showing <br />
off its ridiculously long proboscis!</td></tr>
</tbody></table>
<i><br /></i>
<i>Bombylius</i> species have a very interesting life cycle as they lag their eggs in the nests of solitary mining bees. The bees species that they parasitise varies between bee-flies. <i>Andrena</i> species of bee are the main hosts of <i>B. major</i> and <i>B. discolor</i>, with the latter particularly favouring <i>Andrena flavipes</i> and <i>Andrena cineraria</i>. <i>B. canescens</i> favour the <i>Lasioglossum</i> and <i>Halictus</i> species, while <i>B. minor</i> chooses species of <i>Colletes</i> mining bees.<br />
<br />
In order to parasitise their chosen species, the adult female bee-flies collect sand or dust at the tip of their abdomen and use it to coat their eggs. It is thought that they do this in order to camouflage them and to make the eggs heavier. Increasing the weight of the eggs makes the next stage easier, whereby the female locates a nest entrance of the chosen mining bee, hovers above the hole, and proceeds to flick her eggs into the burrow - the additional weight on the eggs makes this task marginally easier to accomplish!<br />
<br />
Once the bee-fly's larva hatch, it crawls further down into the burrow and wait until the host bee's own larvae are almost full-sized. It's at this point that the bee-fly larva attacks the bee larva, feeding on its bodily fluids and eventually killing it. Obviously this behaviour is bad news for the bees, however bees and bee-flies have coexisted for millennia, with no evidence that bee-flies cause declines in their host bee populations.<br />
<br />
Here is an incredible video showing a female <i>B. major</i> flicking her eggs into the nest of her host bee species:<br />
<br />
<iframe allow="autoplay; encrypted-media" allowfullscreen="" frameborder="0" height="315" src="https://www.youtube.com/embed/whRkZ1BS1dE?rel=0&start=28" width="560"></iframe>
<br />
<br />
<u><br /></u>
<u>Further reading:</u><br />
<br />
<ul style="text-align: left;">
<li><a href="http://www.brc.ac.uk/soldierflies-and-allies/bee-flies" target="_blank">Dipterists Forum</a></li>
<li><a href="http://www.brc.ac.uk/soldierflies-and-allies/sites/www.brc.ac.uk.soldierflies-and-allies/files/Identification_bee_flies_Bombylius_v2_0.pdf" target="_blank">ID to the 4 British <i>Bombylius </i>species</a></li>
</ul>
<div>
<br /></div>
</div>
Josie Hewitthttp://www.blogger.com/profile/07680294745952338878noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-9093798942370475328.post-52308862308489973992018-04-15T14:32:00.000+01:002018-05-05T14:33:49.753+01:00Water Vole<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on">
The Water Vole <i>Arvicola amphibius</i> is a small, semiaquatic mammal which is found throughout most of Europe, Russia, West Asia and Kazakhstan. They are much bigger than the other UK voles, and are distinguished from Brown Rats by their slightly smaller size, chestnut-brown fur, rounded nose, fluffy tail and small, rounded ears that don't protrude from the fur. Their brownish colouring helps them to blend in with their environment.<br />
<br />
In the UK, Water Voles live in burrows that are generally excavated along the banks of slow moving and calm rivers, streams and ditches. Their burrows have many floor levels within, in order to prevent flooding, as well as nesting chambers and a food store for the winter months. If no suitable banks are available, then they can also live above ground in reed beds where they will weave ball-shaped nests. Water Voles generally prefer lush riparian vegetation as it provides them with cover when they are on the river banks.<br />
<br />
Water Voles are herbivorous, mainly eating grass and other riverside vegetation. They often sit in the same spots too, so little piles of nibbled grass and stems can build up on the river's edges. Due to the way Water Voles eat, the nibbled grasses and stems always show a distinctive 45° angled-cut at the ends.<br />
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<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgrBWs8DmVOhXRCptmv4BwqQQNv8UB96uSJIL6wRLa7r4mnjKooHSpBRATD4QS8U7QNnTOqIYHdz53vT-RN_2oGfSF659GCbuiU6w09C2V7QAvlfYdmAp3aq2PB3O-Te76cqV1bPQoRIgU6/s1600/31530401_974267499394578_1930819001936510976_n.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1600" data-original-width="1200" height="320" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgrBWs8DmVOhXRCptmv4BwqQQNv8UB96uSJIL6wRLa7r4mnjKooHSpBRATD4QS8U7QNnTOqIYHdz53vT-RN_2oGfSF659GCbuiU6w09C2V7QAvlfYdmAp3aq2PB3O-Te76cqV1bPQoRIgU6/s320/31530401_974267499394578_1930819001936510976_n.jpg" width="240" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">Rubbish photo of a very cool species!</td></tr>
</tbody></table>
A typical Water Vole is approximately 20cm long, plus a tail of around 11cm, although their weights can vary a lot, from 80-180g. Apparently, the minimum weight needed to survive each winter is 112g for females and 115g for males, and on average, Water Voles only live for 1.5 years.<br />
<br />
Water Voles are the UK's fastest declining mammal, suffering catastrophic declines during the 20th century. During the 1940s and 1950s, agricultural intensification caused widespread loss and degradation of habitat, but the major cause of the Water Vole's decline was the release of hundreds of American Mink from fur farms in the 1980s and 1990s. The usual defence mechanisms of Water Voles include diving under water and kicking up a screen of dirt or running into their burrows, however these techniques are insufficient to escape mink. Between 1989 and 1998, the Water Vole population fell by almost 90%, and currently stands at around 875,000.<br />
<br />
Due to their extreme declines over the last few decades, Water Voles are protected under section 9 of the Wildlife & Countryside Act 1981, and are also classed as a UK Biodiversity Action Plan (BAP) species. Numerous re-introduction projects have been undertaken around the UK, with most proving successful and Water Voles have now returned to every county in England. We are lucky to have Water Vole living on the UEA campus, along the River Yare, and seeing one brightens up every walk!<br />
<br />
Here is a great little video from the Wildlife Trust on the characteristics and ecology of Water Voles:<br />
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<iframe allow="autoplay; encrypted-media" allowfullscreen="" frameborder="0" height="315" src="https://www.youtube.com/embed/Y-fBBFsclNM?rel=0" width="560"></iframe>
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Josie Hewitthttp://www.blogger.com/profile/07680294745952338878noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-9093798942370475328.post-82342902460929775532018-04-09T22:36:00.000+01:002018-05-05T14:34:16.016+01:00Dunlin<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on">
Head to any coastal mudflats in the winter, and you are likely to see a whole host of wading birds, including Dunlin (<i>Calidris alpina</i>), Turnstone (<i>Arenaria interpres</i>), Sanderling (<i>Calidris alba</i>) and Knot (<i>Calidris canutus</i>). Dunlins are the most common of these winter waders and often feed in flocks, so where there's one, there's usually a whole lot more somewhere nearby!<br />
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Dunlins are small wading birds that have a slightly decurved black bill, black legs and a short primary projection. Their wingspans range between 33-40cm and they weigh around 49g. As with most waders, Dunlins moult between their two plumages, a brighter, more colourful one for the breeding season, when they need to look their best, and a fairly dull, grey-brown one for the winter, when looks aren't so important. Using a combination of sight and touch, they feed on a variety of invertebrates, including insects, molluscs and oligochaete worms.<br />
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<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEg8j0dTDgheXqaCX-udBJaKjqOHgKyrHyTg3kt33jcIDLmragAgWtKRfDj3LBN0BCeIYK-K5lJQvTcmTWMXY0jRUtr6o9HX6cUrWdu1OK0CFG7JqrDNLFk4FWVwQJo-HfRoRtAeWW3iqd1f/s1600/Screen+Shot+2018-04-23+at+22.19.09.png" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1108" data-original-width="1600" height="276" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEg8j0dTDgheXqaCX-udBJaKjqOHgKyrHyTg3kt33jcIDLmragAgWtKRfDj3LBN0BCeIYK-K5lJQvTcmTWMXY0jRUtr6o9HX6cUrWdu1OK0CFG7JqrDNLFk4FWVwQJo-HfRoRtAeWW3iqd1f/s400/Screen+Shot+2018-04-23+at+22.19.09.png" width="400" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">© <a href="https://adventuresinmothland.wordpress.com/2013/05/28/evil-scud/">https://adventuresinmothland.wordpress.com/2013/05/28/evil-scud/</a><br />
Dunlin (<i>Calidris alpina</i>) in breeding plumage.</td></tr>
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There are currently 10 subspecies of Dunlin that are officially recognised, however the taxonomy surrounding this species is very complex and often changing. Of the 10 official subspecies, 3 have been recorded in Britain: <i>schinzii</i>, <i>alpina</i> and <i>arctica</i>. The <i>schinzii</i> subspecies of Dunlin breed in the UK, with around 9,600 breeding pairs and winter in west Africa, while the <i>arctica</i> subspecies are birds that breed in Greenland and pass through the UK in autumn in small numbers. The <i>C. a. alpina</i> subspecies breeds across Siberia, all the way to northern Scandinavia and account for pretty much all of the Dunlins that winter in the UK.<br />
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At the end of February, the UK was struck by the 'Beast from the East', or as most of Northern Europe calls it, winter. This resulted in about a week of sub-zero temperatures and heavy snow here in East Anglia. The freezing conditions and snow cover caused many problems for wildlife, with many reports of dead birds across the country and East Anglian region. Waders were particularly vulnerable as they rely on being able to probe muddy areas to find food, however since the conditions caused widespread freezing, they weren't able to access their usual food resources for a prolonged period of time, leading to starvation.<br />
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgrK8DKMHcAErCsQDUYY4nHGlwQPeVoX0pM9UpBRSmTkWu0b22L3_lrAURYp3U8o-TCZlsz6-YDFKkPqwXgu9fuqmUlkmLQH4VCdBbHqyaIPTMIHTH6_RkEPXpfTeUACsrto5sx0KkzJgnU/s1600/Screen+Shot+2018-04-23+at+22.34.49.png" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1192" data-original-width="1600" height="297" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgrK8DKMHcAErCsQDUYY4nHGlwQPeVoX0pM9UpBRSmTkWu0b22L3_lrAURYp3U8o-TCZlsz6-YDFKkPqwXgu9fuqmUlkmLQH4VCdBbHqyaIPTMIHTH6_RkEPXpfTeUACsrto5sx0KkzJgnU/s400/Screen+Shot+2018-04-23+at+22.34.49.png" width="400" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">Bowthorpe Marsh looking like a frozen wasteland</td></tr>
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During the cold spell, some of my Ecology course mates and I tried to venture out as often as we could to do some proper winter birding. On 3rd March all our lectures were cancelled, so we made the most of it and spent all day out birding around Earlham, Colney, Bowthorpe and Threescore. During our travels we came across a pair of Lapwings, including this unfortunate individual, which had a large ball of ice stuck to its tail, preventing it from flying. We dutifully broke up the ice ball and then warmed it up for a few minutes, before releasing it to join its mate on the river. It was very bizarre to see, but I suppose it may have roosted on the edge of an unfrozen puddle, which froze overnight or something... I guess we'll never know.<br />
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiT-Bp-jZerho3amvkFAyVIBTMHNKkl60sSWQCmnYKo8CuVEONyGZRI3wj4rhqOdD6bTQSTjHzLoCM_gIA5JVF-BUlH36DdlMGhyphenhyphenU7G2PTwXewEtXNTccpkaYxc6X1xaudmSoQpAProvxV3/s1600/Screen+Shot+2018-04-23+at+22.10.43.png" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1332" data-original-width="1106" height="320" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiT-Bp-jZerho3amvkFAyVIBTMHNKkl60sSWQCmnYKo8CuVEONyGZRI3wj4rhqOdD6bTQSTjHzLoCM_gIA5JVF-BUlH36DdlMGhyphenhyphenU7G2PTwXewEtXNTccpkaYxc6X1xaudmSoQpAProvxV3/s320/Screen+Shot+2018-04-23+at+22.10.43.png" width="265" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">Lapwing (<i>Vanellus vanellus</i>) with a large ball of ice attached to its tail.</td></tr>
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Anyway, back to the topic of this post, the Dunlin. A few days prior to the Lapwing encounter, a few of us had headed out birding along the River Yare when we spotted a Dunlin at the water's edge. Dunlins are a decent bird for the UEA recording area, especially when they're on the ground like this one. It was nice to see, even if it did look a bit sorry for itself in the freezing conditions. Before we carried on our walk, someone made a joke about the Magpies that were loitering around... so to skip to the end, as we returned from our wanderings later that day, we decided to head back along the Yare to see if the Dunlin was still moping about. It was.<br />
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<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEg2Pt2yUNTpsi6Owj0x-RNLIFbHAhPIO1tp0RKGmaAAJ5_-pP6dVC6ZZtZ6GOTJyGVWmuf1UBTlsrMtbglG7x6A3RcwfSlRbyk5FRquG9TE3HMCGJKIF710VQ6nTIHczAWJDMUdhjWJ_8Pn/s1600/30849974_968174406670554_2060778328_o.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1600" data-original-width="1200" height="320" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEg2Pt2yUNTpsi6Owj0x-RNLIFbHAhPIO1tp0RKGmaAAJ5_-pP6dVC6ZZtZ6GOTJyGVWmuf1UBTlsrMtbglG7x6A3RcwfSlRbyk5FRquG9TE3HMCGJKIF710VQ6nTIHczAWJDMUdhjWJ_8Pn/s320/30849974_968174406670554_2060778328_o.jpg" width="240" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">Dunlin (<i>Calidris alpina</i>) looking a bit sorry for itself, shortly <br />
before it got taken by a Magpie.</td></tr>
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However, a few seconds after we arrived, a Kestrel appeared out of nowhere and swooped down at the Dunlin, but didn't try to catch it. Unfortunately, a Magpie must have clocked what happened and made a beeline straight for the Dunlin, picking it up with very little struggle and carrying it off into the woods, where the commotion of many other Magpies could be heard. A sad end to a nice day's birding, although perhaps a fairly swift death from a Magpie's bill was a kinder end than potential starvation for the Dunlin...<br />
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A few days later, once the snow had melted and the ground had (mostly) thawed, another Dunlin rocked up on Earlham Marsh, where we enjoyed nice views of this more perky looking bird and the other UEA birders managed to see it as well.<br />
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEh-7eG5NhZDEQ4Gs2F9umc4KAV3NL-Ac4NmOHz5keEP2YnquMSbU3PCre7UCHOfiuaVlL7ppEThQiesQDRKAcNaeWhg1h0RU9U8pqKM4dET6xNBURGJ9ALBDVfmJ8FWR_9diRB5xinBe4sW/s1600/Screen+Shot+2018-04-23+at+22.11.15.png" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1090" data-original-width="1600" height="271" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEh-7eG5NhZDEQ4Gs2F9umc4KAV3NL-Ac4NmOHz5keEP2YnquMSbU3PCre7UCHOfiuaVlL7ppEThQiesQDRKAcNaeWhg1h0RU9U8pqKM4dET6xNBURGJ9ALBDVfmJ8FWR_9diRB5xinBe4sW/s400/Screen+Shot+2018-04-23+at+22.11.15.png" width="400" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">Dunlin (<i>Calidris alpina</i>) looking a lot less moribund!</td></tr>
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<u>Further reading that may be of interest:</u><br />
<br />
<ul style="text-align: left;">
<li>General info (HBW): <a href="https://www.hbw.com/species/dunlin-calidris-alpina">https://www.hbw.com/species/dunlin-calidris-alpina</a></li>
<li>Detailed conservation, breeding and biometric information (BTO): <a href="https://app.bto.org/birdfacts/results/bob5120.htm">https://app.bto.org/birdfacts/results/bob5120.htm</a></li>
<li>Dunlin migrations (RSPB): <a href="https://bit.ly/2HXe8pa">https://bit.ly/2HXe8pa</a></li>
</ul>
</div>
Josie Hewitthttp://www.blogger.com/profile/07680294745952338878noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-9093798942370475328.post-71687414198156532072018-03-11T13:05:00.000+00:002018-05-08T17:34:17.707+01:00Smooth Newt<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on">
Amphibians are cold-blooded animals that enter a state of semi-dormancy, similar to hibernation, during the cold, winter months in order to survive. It is called brumation, and they brumate in burrows, crevices and under logs where it is dark and damp. There are 7 species of amphibian in the UK: 2 frogs, 2 toads and 3 newts. The rarest of them all is the Pool Frog <i>Rana lessonae</i>, which is only found at a few secret sites following reintroduction programmes.<br />
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<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjFlZoYn_wxZSrfGwYbvkwuiW1BA9au0YR7n4E0oAVaNwlmkMswOYkguZbIPyTV2zdGeLgwhcEegWjU_XAfwDDRf_fpgIQu63HOTW1dOVhiejRDQo0fwRwnA1BwCDkbETTjZJbXi2jZgDO0/s1600/31949897_974254459395882_5266937881351421952_n.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1600" data-original-width="1200" height="320" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjFlZoYn_wxZSrfGwYbvkwuiW1BA9au0YR7n4E0oAVaNwlmkMswOYkguZbIPyTV2zdGeLgwhcEegWjU_XAfwDDRf_fpgIQu63HOTW1dOVhiejRDQo0fwRwnA1BwCDkbETTjZJbXi2jZgDO0/s320/31949897_974254459395882_5266937881351421952_n.jpg" width="240" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">Adult Smooth Newt <i>Lissotriton vulgaris</i> that was found wandering around <br />between some of the UEA student accommodation.</td></tr>
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Of the 3 newt species, the Smooth (Common) Newt <i>Lissotriton vulgaris</i> is the most widespread and common. It is much smaller than the Great Crested Newt <i>Triturus cristatus</i>, but is very similar to the Palmate Newt <i>Lissotriton helveticus</i>. In order to distinguish between Smooth and Palmate Newts, you have to look at the underside, as both sexes of Smooth Newt have white throats with dark spots, whereas Palmate Newts have unspotted pinkish throats. The males of all 3 newt species develop a wavy crest on their backs during the breeding season, however it is very low and smooth in Palmate Newts and much more developed in Smooth Newts.<br />
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<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEi7kw3UWWx6VLUnCwMAi38Rs2ZyFpFsIwOkqwAskVJaY1JDAc7cy86nemS_UzlXuaSl05X7x6bzgspVasGGYfJk2GSSbjm7CWzoO6kdCnAnH-NI8DWT-e6040bkJjdUmmfhHmTwfRQuztml/s1600/31947705_974254509395877_2766934742308749312_n.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1600" data-original-width="1200" height="320" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEi7kw3UWWx6VLUnCwMAi38Rs2ZyFpFsIwOkqwAskVJaY1JDAc7cy86nemS_UzlXuaSl05X7x6bzgspVasGGYfJk2GSSbjm7CWzoO6kdCnAnH-NI8DWT-e6040bkJjdUmmfhHmTwfRQuztml/s320/31947705_974254509395877_2766934742308749312_n.jpg" width="240" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">Adult Smooth Newt found wandering around the UEA campus - returned to an area <br />with lots of fallen and dead wood for it to brumate (hibernate) under.</td></tr>
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The reproductive strategies of the Smooth Newt are similar to those in the better known Common Frog <i>Rana temporaria</i>. The male Smooth Newts display to the females by vibrating their tails in a particular fashion and when she indicates that she is ready to mate, the male deposits a capsule containing his sperm in front of the female so she can pick it up with her cloaca. The female will lay her fertilised eggs individually, wrapping each one in an aquatic plant. A single female can lay 7-12 eggs per day and may produced 400 eggs in one season.<br />
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<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgYHzHH751h0WvoUUgW6-Sv8nQy0LBaSEo0Yg5KOYLSsMfGWpcVMtTKgbgvd4PCVYDZN3RXqliYhRKbY8pPC1_wLtkvV828r6S7h5nfspCt22RHXtZBjtKh12wfp1agUMg_eoFLUOG_UAiM/s1600/31631891_974260826061912_4415658690221178880_n.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1600" data-original-width="1200" height="320" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgYHzHH751h0WvoUUgW6-Sv8nQy0LBaSEo0Yg5KOYLSsMfGWpcVMtTKgbgvd4PCVYDZN3RXqliYhRKbY8pPC1_wLtkvV828r6S7h5nfspCt22RHXtZBjtKh12wfp1agUMg_eoFLUOG_UAiM/s320/31631891_974260826061912_4415658690221178880_n.jpg" width="240" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">Immature Smooth Newt found brumating (hibernating) <br />underneath some deadwood in NE Hampshire</td></tr>
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<br />After about 2 weeks, the eggs hatch into larval form, first feeding off the nutritious contents of the yolk sac, before beginning to eat freshwater plankton, insect larvae and molluscs. Unlike frogs and toads, newts are carnivorous throughout their lives. The juvenile newts develop into smaller versions of the adults and leave the water after ~10 weeks. Smooth Newts take around 3 years to become sexually mature, and have an average lifespan of 6 years. Most adult and juvenile newts brumate over winter, emerging in the spring.<br />
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Josie Hewitthttp://www.blogger.com/profile/07680294745952338878noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-9093798942370475328.post-66884478167253163482018-02-08T14:00:00.000+00:002018-04-29T13:54:28.264+01:00Marchantia polymorpha subsp. ruderalis<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on">
Liverworts are non-vascular plants which, along with the mosses and hornworts, make up the bryophyte group. Of the different bryophytes, there are 763 species of moss, ~300 species of liverwort and just four species of hornwort in Britain and Ireland. Liverworts are split into two main groups based on their structure: leafy liverworts, which have leaves and a stem, and thallose liverworts, which don't have leaves or a distinct stem, but have flattened, lobed, leaf-like bodies called thalli.<br />
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Hornworts are superficially very similar to the thallose liverworts, and are often regarded as 'honorary liverworts', however they differ slightly to liverworts in their reproductive methods and structures, whereby asexual reproduction occurs primarily via fragmentation as lobes separate off from the main part of the thallus. In hornwort sexual reproduction, archegonia (female part) and antheridia (male part) are produced in rows just beneath the upper surfaces of the gametophytes and the sporophytes grow into long, horn-like structures, with the sporangium located at the tip. These sporophyte 'horns' are very long lived (unlike liverwort sporophytes) and can grow quite long. Hornworts are also distinguished from liverworts by the presence of stomata and cuticle, which is also seen in the mosses.<br />
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<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhYHq1JgJQQiMNMoxXfatnM7xZl52gjfuRoRKDdrdwYiXeEo_36ncoOE-pdnhsrAS5J5SgvwVCYWc9iUa5M8Wnb0uSzJTieX9npRgW-CGRJ0WldxZzARQHBfvCv6YDOLge7TlDg_Fcvg_mM/s1600/hornwort+-+Anthoceros_agrestis.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="552" data-original-width="600" height="367" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhYHq1JgJQQiMNMoxXfatnM7xZl52gjfuRoRKDdrdwYiXeEo_36ncoOE-pdnhsrAS5J5SgvwVCYWc9iUa5M8Wnb0uSzJTieX9npRgW-CGRJ0WldxZzARQHBfvCv6YDOLge7TlDg_Fcvg_mM/s400/hornwort+-+Anthoceros_agrestis.jpg" width="400" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">The hornwort Anthoceros agrestis © Štephán Koval (2010) - <a href="https://bit.ly/2r7UuzU">https://bit.ly/2r7UuzU</a></td></tr>
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In liverworts and hornworts, reproduction occurs via the alternation of generations where the gametophyte stage is dominant (unlike other plants such as clubmosses and ferns which have dominant sporophyte stages) reproduction can occur sexually or asexually. The way in which liverworts reproduce also depends on whether they are leafy or thallose. The sexual reproduction of liverworts occurs predominantly during the winter months when conditions are wetter. This is because their spore dispersal is water dependent.<br />
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Leafy liverworts always have two rows of partially overlapping 'leaves' which don't have midribs, but do often have folds and lobes (unlike the 'leaves' of mosses). Rhizoids are present on the underneath of some underleaves, which help anchor the plants. The male and female reproductive structures (archegonia and antheridia) of leafy liverworts are inconspicuous, and are produced in cup-like structures made out of some modified leaves on separate plant bodies. At maturity, the sporophyte capsule is pushed out from among the leaves as the seta (stalk) elongates.<br />
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<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgLmVvwUHHmSRfS4dX7ba1lQyi7HD8L1Gpd617r7vps2FinkCw5aYts-ElcuLLUZUk6mbBdfNBrJbGEhuxs8EbvQEsllB5mWIuHGcftNqWt2t9xDVbAx6WcqNPjMZ9coE1dxXs5Cj1vKqF_/s1600/31090126_971051989716129_629988968_o.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1600" data-original-width="1116" height="320" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgLmVvwUHHmSRfS4dX7ba1lQyi7HD8L1Gpd617r7vps2FinkCw5aYts-ElcuLLUZUk6mbBdfNBrJbGEhuxs8EbvQEsllB5mWIuHGcftNqWt2t9xDVbAx6WcqNPjMZ9coE1dxXs5Cj1vKqF_/s320/31090126_971051989716129_629988968_o.jpg" width="222" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">Sporophyte development in leafy liverworts. <br />
Illustration © Mosses & Liverworts of Britain & Ireland/British Bryological Society</td></tr>
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Some of the best-known species of thallose liverworts are in the <i>Marchantia</i> genus. Asexual reproduction in thallose liverworts occurs via a rather cool system, in which structures called gemma cups form on the top of the liverwort gametophyte (thallus). These gemma cups colonially produce identical 'leaflets' (gemmae) within them, which are then dispersed into the wider environment via rain splashes - raindrops may splash the gemmae up to 1m away! While the gemmae are in the gemma cups, lunularic acid inhibits their further development, but each gemma remains capable of growing into a new thallus as soon as it leaves the cup.<br />
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhZc-VmNgbad7QYVI9mrm-sW_d9_O2tulJkyPKhyQVpUtR82aedGQtuRP4hLgoQqcBR6622qu5wV59CFO95ZbeiIe51pFvl0i4WerTHt4CDmSZE1ocJQDIuPIuaLc4nOsAnJmDPCpWbOMfE/s1600/31019274_971045526383442_108313753_o.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1600" data-original-width="1369" height="400" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhZc-VmNgbad7QYVI9mrm-sW_d9_O2tulJkyPKhyQVpUtR82aedGQtuRP4hLgoQqcBR6622qu5wV59CFO95ZbeiIe51pFvl0i4WerTHt4CDmSZE1ocJQDIuPIuaLc4nOsAnJmDPCpWbOMfE/s400/31019274_971045526383442_108313753_o.jpg" width="341" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">Asexual and sexual reproduction in thallose liverworts <br />
(© Plant and Microbe Diversity by Harriet Jones and Anthony Davey)</td></tr>
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In the sexual reproduction of thallose liverworts, there are two types of gametophores (umbrella-like structures on stalks which arise from the thallus): the antheridiophore (male gametophore) and the archegoniophore (female gametophore). The two gametophores are shaped differently, with the male 'umbrellas' being disc shaped and the female receptacles shaped like miniature palm trees.<br />
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiWHY3MQV1_DyM1JmWVwhbWuI7da3hf5ZTiN02JNj4oc6CK1Z_gjk9c4Yyq01v_KZhod5Km-MTOxmpWza_t9x407oWOycaK77-JDQwvA8oifIKmzvb4qRFi_5YCGP6GC-MpVI_HGNk1y8ra/s1600/30920436_971052009716127_1948057177_o.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="817" data-original-width="1600" height="203" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiWHY3MQV1_DyM1JmWVwhbWuI7da3hf5ZTiN02JNj4oc6CK1Z_gjk9c4Yyq01v_KZhod5Km-MTOxmpWza_t9x407oWOycaK77-JDQwvA8oifIKmzvb4qRFi_5YCGP6GC-MpVI_HGNk1y8ra/s400/30920436_971052009716127_1948057177_o.jpg" width="400" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">Reproductive structures of thallose liverworts.<br />
Illustration © Mosses & Liverworts of Britain & Ireland/British Bryological Society</td></tr>
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Fertilisation causes the development of sporophytes anchored to the underside of the archegoniophores. Meiosis occurs in certain cells within the sporophyte, creating haploid spores, but the rest of the cells do not undergo meiosis, instead remaining diploid and developing into long, pointed elaters with spiral thickenings. The elaters are hygroscopic and therefore change shape in the presence of water. This causes the elaters of <i>Marchantia</i> to rapidly twist and untwist, causing the spores to be shaken out of the sporophyte, ready to be dispersed by water.<br />
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<i>Marchantia polymorpha</i> is a large, thallose liverwort that is widely distributed around the world, and is also found on the UEA campus. It is very variable in appearance and has several subspecies, 3 of which are found in Britain and Ireland. The subspecies I found at UEA is <i>Marchantia polymorpha</i> subsp. <i>ruderalis</i> (aka the Common Liverwort). As with all liverworts, <i>M. p. ruderalis</i> has a horizontal growth structure and no vascular network to transport water or nutrients, instead relying on its large surface area and preference for damp conditions. Due to the changeability of environmental conditions, liverworts are well adapted to tolerate desiccation; their flat structure maximises photosynthetic abilities and they minimise water loss by only having pores (for respiration and photosynthesis) on their upper side.<br />
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEi3oRvr5OFJGVbgkVnf0iyO2GjVP9DY-8V-dZaniaT6Z4M5D5dALkurZwei5czi4wDURTW_T8J-99yJDEh0RxYmK5GuSvxJttYi8xZSw5pq9odF9Z0atTbrBX2ptuLQFamZOS47Qv7hwnM5/s1600/31023765_971046496383345_972966527_o.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1600" data-original-width="1200" height="320" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEi3oRvr5OFJGVbgkVnf0iyO2GjVP9DY-8V-dZaniaT6Z4M5D5dALkurZwei5czi4wDURTW_T8J-99yJDEh0RxYmK5GuSvxJttYi8xZSw5pq9odF9Z0atTbrBX2ptuLQFamZOS47Qv7hwnM5/s320/31023765_971046496383345_972966527_o.jpg" width="240" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><i>Marchantia polymorpha </i>subsp.<i> ruderalis</i> with numerous <br />
gemma cups present on the upper-side of thallus. <br />
Found on the UEA campus 03/02/18.</td></tr>
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Josie Hewitthttp://www.blogger.com/profile/07680294745952338878noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-9093798942370475328.post-34613692977173194782018-02-06T13:53:00.000+00:002018-05-05T23:16:10.283+01:00Black Snail Beetle<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on">
<i>Silpha atrata</i>, also known as the Black Snail Beetle, is a member of the Silphidae family. The Silphidae comprise 21 species of large (9-30mm), distinctive species, which are mostly associated with carrion. There are exceptions to this however, with both <i>Aclypea</i> species being herbivores, <i>Dendroxena quadrimaculata</i> is an arboreal predator of caterpillars, and <i>Silpha atrata</i> itself is a predator of snails, hence its common name.<br />
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There are a number of distinctive characteristics that separate the Silphids from other beetle families, including a head that is often much narrower than the pronotum, very robust mandibles that are often pronounced forward, generally well developed and prominent eyes, antennae with 11 segments and robust legs which often have outwardly facing spines on the tibia (not present in <i>Necrodes</i>) and well-developed claws.<br />
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhZRUxG09gJmFgdvQmN6l3vyQG5E7k5cQWih4aEVL3W6AEoFuCKOxlW2PxfHf35gSDQTTpK0sGaIeQMcU8zEKcQ1aFFmCXg4AXaGXNhG4x5Dz8xdqQQ5AoL0ILt1n3rCNeWnsqtzd6cGnUP/s1600/31913897_974278439393484_3496701375830556672_n.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1221" data-original-width="1600" height="305" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhZRUxG09gJmFgdvQmN6l3vyQG5E7k5cQWih4aEVL3W6AEoFuCKOxlW2PxfHf35gSDQTTpK0sGaIeQMcU8zEKcQ1aFFmCXg4AXaGXNhG4x5Dz8xdqQQ5AoL0ILt1n3rCNeWnsqtzd6cGnUP/s400/31913897_974278439393484_3496701375830556672_n.jpg" width="400" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><i>Silpha atrata</i> found under deadwood on UEA campus.</td></tr>
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<i>Silpha atrata</i> is one of the smaller members of the <i>Silphidae</i> family, measuring 10-15mm in length. Individuals of this species can vary greatly from completely black to almost red in colour, and extremes of both colours along with intermediates are all common and are often found together. <i>S. atrata</i> is widely distributed throughout the UK, and is abundant in a range of habitats, including woodland, meadows and gardens.<br />
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Both the adults and larvae feed on pulmonate snails and earthworms. In order to capture their prey, the adults inflict the unfortunate snails with a poisonous bite which causes the snail to withdraw into its shell and fill the entrance with a thick fluid. The beetle then eats its way through the fluid, with some assistance from a secretion that helps dissolve the fluid and the snail tissue. <i>S. atrata</i> has a long, extendable neck which comes in very handy for this particular feeding behaviour.<br />
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<i>S. atrata</i> is rather odd in its behaviour as you generally expect beetles to be inconspicuous during the cold, winter months and more noticeable during the summer, however <i>S. atrata</i> don't follow this train of thought; they are active under logs and beneath the bark of fallen or standing deciduous trees from October, usually in very damp conditions. In January and February they can be found in large numbers, and may be seen out in the open during the first warm days of March but after April or May, they are seldom seen, probably due to their preference for dark, damp conditions.<br />
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiyRfUA6ORfkpln1ZC200S5cnuWkK8ULuxdxZjQfAyzvBGa7HlMM0Jmt4YWbSPtcBeboCXjJcwXpDn5Jhy8bYlrrJFKrVc-vLd2iKeAdzZ1i7eE3gjJvAojtAM4hVUMdSKp9wz2b67cXfwJ/s1600/31947567_974279949393333_7013396777906733056_n.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="768" data-original-width="1024" height="240" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiyRfUA6ORfkpln1ZC200S5cnuWkK8ULuxdxZjQfAyzvBGa7HlMM0Jmt4YWbSPtcBeboCXjJcwXpDn5Jhy8bYlrrJFKrVc-vLd2iKeAdzZ1i7eE3gjJvAojtAM4hVUMdSKp9wz2b67cXfwJ/s320/31947567_974279949393333_7013396777906733056_n.jpg" width="320" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">Three individuals of <i>S. atrata</i> plus one Woodlouse sp. <br />Found in deadwood on UEA campus.</td></tr>
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<u>Further reading:</u></div>
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<li><a href="http://www.thewcg.org.uk/pages/silphidae.htm" target="_blank">Watford Coleoptera Group: <i>Silphidae</i></a></li>
<li><a href="http://www.coleoptera.org.uk/family/silphidae" target="_blank">UK Beetle Recording</a></li>
<li><a href="http://www.coleoptera.org.uk/silphidae/home" target="_blank"><i>Silphidae</i> recording scheme and ID keys</a></li>
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Josie Hewitthttp://www.blogger.com/profile/07680294745952338878noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-9093798942370475328.post-69053374995238921832018-01-31T21:00:00.000+00:002018-03-12T20:48:31.637+00:00Holly Leaf-miner<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on">
Leaf mines are mainly caused by species of Lepidoptera (moths), Diptera (flies), Hymenoptera (sawflies, bees, wasps & ants), and a few Coleoptera (beetles), whose larvae feed within the leaves of plants. As the larvae feed and grow, they move throughout the leaves, creating mines. The mines created by these species are often very distinctive and, coupled with the fact that leaf-mining species tend to be restricted to a certain range of host plants, it is often possible to identify mines to an individual species.<br />
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The first step in working out a miner's identity is correctly identifying the host plant. Doing this normally narrows down the possibilities quite a bit and then you can identify which type of insect (order) the miner is from:<br />
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<li>Lepidoptera normally make full depth galleries or blotches with single lines of frass (droppings).</li>
<li>Diptera mines are either lower- or upper-surface (or a mix of both), their larvae are maggots and they characteristically make twin trails of frass.</li>
<li>Hymenoptera mines are blotches rather than galleries and characteristically have extensive amounts of dark frass (compared to diptera mines). The larvae of Hymenoptera also have visible legs.</li>
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<i>Phytomyza ilicis</i> is a species of fly (diptera) whose larvae mine the leaves of Holly (<i>Ilex aquifolium</i>). <i>P. ilicis</i> is incredibly common and is the only species to mine Holly in Britain, making it very easy to spot and identify! It is abundant on the UEA campus, with <i>P. ilicis</i> mines visible on just about every Holly bush you come across.<br />
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEg8nbKQ5EAZElZDdQieT0WQ090_ev5dxUGi6bEmUxhFViC0uP97L5pB6o5hcgRiSFTBzjOmaJOvK5ebgr5VAZ9hKY_pDG4J7Utgi_RHUvmZu4zddNEqMdozvDYM8W2q1fuPxQaU-Isjwmy7/s1600/IMG_0627.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1600" data-original-width="1200" height="320" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEg8nbKQ5EAZElZDdQieT0WQ090_ev5dxUGi6bEmUxhFViC0uP97L5pB6o5hcgRiSFTBzjOmaJOvK5ebgr5VAZ9hKY_pDG4J7Utgi_RHUvmZu4zddNEqMdozvDYM8W2q1fuPxQaU-Isjwmy7/s320/IMG_0627.jpg" width="240" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><i>Phytomyza ilicis</i> leaf mine on holly</td></tr>
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Anonymoushttp://www.blogger.com/profile/03773635894354175003noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-9093798942370475328.post-18892139545181236822018-01-25T13:20:00.000+00:002018-01-25T13:27:06.436+00:00Snowdrops<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on">
The appearance of Snowdrops (<i>Galanthus nivalis</i>) in January is one of the first signs that Spring is just around the corner.<br />
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Snowdrops are a perennial flower in the <i>Alliaceae</i> family, alongside the garlics and daffodils. They can grow up to 25cm tall and are found in a range of habitats, including damp woodlands, hedge banks, churchyards. Although many people think of Snowdrops as a native wildflower, it is now believed that they were in fact introduced to Britain in the early sixteenth century.<br />
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Snowdrops are pretty neat little things and have a surprising range of uses too, including agricultural and medicinal applications...<br />
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Snowdrop lectin (carbohydrate-binding proteins) is an effective insecticide against species of Coleoptera (beetles), Lepidoptera (butterflies and moths) and Hemiptera (true bugs), and some research has suggested that introducing Snowdrop lectin to genetically-modified crops may increase the resistance of GM crops to insect pests. Snowdrop lectin is also being investigated due to its potential activity against HIV.<br />
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Galanthamine is an alkaloid found in Snowdrops which has been approved for use in a number of countries for assisting with the management of Alzheimer's disease, as well as being used in the treatment of traumatic injuries to the nervous system.<br />
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These delightful little plants are fairly numerous around the UEA campus, and are especially abundant underneath the conifers near the Sainsbury Centre.<br />
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEg7J359idspOcNOhiel5tRVfb5W7tzqF65JBPnIj5m8A49Pqns7XbG9pHfbjhqcGL-tE-XyGEzJCVBX6hbreGSuixBMSyUIZ6L2bAubuny0z82ekcm4Jz-4vYDd4CEtGx_UD1kJ6m0mq6OY/s1600/IMG_0622.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1200" data-original-width="1600" height="480" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEg7J359idspOcNOhiel5tRVfb5W7tzqF65JBPnIj5m8A49Pqns7XbG9pHfbjhqcGL-tE-XyGEzJCVBX6hbreGSuixBMSyUIZ6L2bAubuny0z82ekcm4Jz-4vYDd4CEtGx_UD1kJ6m0mq6OY/s640/IMG_0622.jpg" width="640" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">Some of the Snowdrops (<i>Galanthus nivalis</i>) near the UEA Sainsbury Centre</td></tr>
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Josie Hewitthttp://www.blogger.com/profile/07680294745952338878noreply@blogger.com0